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Journal of Modern Optics Slow and fast light: fundamentals and
Journal of Modern Optics Slow and fast light: fundamentals and

... community has been fascinated by the related phenomena of slow and fast light [1–3]. These names are taken to refer to situations in which the group velocity (roughly, the velocity at which light pulses propagate through a material system) is very much different from the vacuum speed of light c. Sev ...
Optical decay from a Fabry-Perot cavity faster than the decay time
Optical decay from a Fabry-Perot cavity faster than the decay time

... the stabilization of laser sources [1,2]. A novel application for high-finesse cavities was proposed in the early 90’s in the upcoming field of cavity-QED: Single atoms are strongly coupled to a cavity-stored photon field such that the mutual coherent oscillatory exchange between both sub-systems is ...
Virtual Cell Learning Objectives Draft (ETC Excerpt)
Virtual Cell Learning Objectives Draft (ETC Excerpt)

... 17. The learner should recognize that photosystem I is activated by photons with a wavelength of 700 nm. 18. The learner should recognize that photosystem II is activated by photons with a wavelength of 680 nm. 19. The learner should be able to identify which of the following components of the ligh ...
Characterizing a single photon detector
Characterizing a single photon detector

... device at 1MHz.  We output two TTL pulses, one to trigger our pulser and another to trigger our photon  counter.  2.4  Pulser  Our  pulse  generator  is  an  Avtec  AVM‐2‐C.    We  can  get  pulses  from  600mV  to  15V  with  widths  of  500ps  to  1.5ns.    The  pulser  was  1.5ns  wide  and  600m ...
N. Qureshi, H. Schmidt, A. Hawkins, “Near
N. Qureshi, H. Schmidt, A. Hawkins, “Near

... ferromagnetic materials and provide a spatially resolved non-invasive approach that allows for higher temporal resolution than other commonly used methods1. There has been great interest recently in the magnetization reversal dynamics of single domain nanomagnets from both a scientific perspective a ...
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Spontaneous, stimulated, coherent and incoherent nonlinear wave
Spontaneous, stimulated, coherent and incoherent nonlinear wave

... are coherent, scale as ∼ N and the field itself (both amplitude and phase) can be measured by heterodyne detection. Spontaneous signals, in contrast, can be either coherent or incoherent. The homodyne detected coherent signal generated in a sample much larger than the optical wavelength is directiona ...
IMAGING WITH THZ PULSES TX 7725
IMAGING WITH THZ PULSES TX 7725

... the poor sensitivity of most detectors. Many of these difficulties were overcome by the introduction of THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) [ 1-31. This system uses femtosecond pulses of near-visible laser light to optoelectronically generate a coherent THz wave. The resulting electromagnetic pul ...
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FREE Sample Here

... Over the centuries, people have struggled to understand what light is. So elusive this has been that a great many theories have been proposed, only to be discarded. About 2,000 years ago, the characteristics of light were defined by the way it behaved under a variety of conditions (geometric optics) ...
Superluminal and Slow Light Propagation in a Room
Superluminal and Slow Light Propagation in a Room

... cm⫺1) was higher than the absorption in the EIT experiments, it was several orders of magnitude lower than that in the earlier resonant systems (16). We report an observation of both ultraslow (vg ⬍⬍ c) and superluminal (vg ⬍ 0) light propagation at room temperature in an alexandrite crystal. By usi ...
arXiv:quant-ph/0602132 v2 20 Feb 2006
arXiv:quant-ph/0602132 v2 20 Feb 2006

... the diffraction limit of the read-out optics that prevents data storage densities beyond those of present day systems. The trend of compacting more information into an optical disc therefore primarily relies on the use of shorter wavelength lasers to achieve smaller diffraction limited spot sizes. O ...
Introduction: - TechSapphire
Introduction: - TechSapphire

... Infrared radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than visible light but shorter than microwave radiation. Infrared radiation has wavelength between 700nm and 1mm. Infrared light is invisible to our eyes because its wavelength is below the visible spectrum. Infrared can be easi ...
:KDWLV/LJKW" (OHFWURPDJQHWLF:DYH7KHRU\
:KDWLV/LJKW" (OHFWURPDJQHWLF:DYH7KHRU\

... Since silicon photodiodes are more sensitive to light at the red end of the spectrum than to light at the blue end, radiometric detectors filter the incoming light to even out the responsivity, producing a “flat response”. This is important for accurate radiometric measurements, because the spectru ...
Lab 5 - Photosynthesis - philipdarrenjones.com
Lab 5 - Photosynthesis - philipdarrenjones.com

... 1. Obtain three (3) clean 10-ml syringes (with the same dimensions) and check to make certain that they can create and maintain a vacuum (This procedure will be demonstrated in lab.). The syringes will act as miniature photosynthesis chambers. The following directions will be described for a single ...
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... which are mounted on motors; these mirrors scan the laser across the sample. Dye in the sample fluoresces, and the emitted light (green) gets descanned by the same mirrors that are used to scan the excitation light (blue) from the laser. The emitted light passes through the dichroic and is focused o ...
(III) Laser Detection of Wave Motion in Solids
(III) Laser Detection of Wave Motion in Solids

... greater than or equal to 1.0. The refractive index of air at atmospheric pressure is very close to 1.0, so we can assume that the wave velocity air is effectively the same as that in vacuum. Electromagnetic radiation is a disturbance in the electric and magnetic fields, which propagates through a gi ...
How Light Works - NYU Web Publishing
How Light Works - NYU Web Publishing

... like to have one right answer. But Einstein paved the way in 1905 by embracing wave-particle duality. We've already discussed the photoelectric effect, which led Einstein to describe light as a photon. Later that year, however, he added a twist to the story in a paper introducing special relativity. ...
CP1: Investigation into the Feasibility of a Three Axis
CP1: Investigation into the Feasibility of a Three Axis

... described by Thomas Young [6] which, by definition, is the degree to which two waves are able to interfere. Two waves with a constant phase difference with respect to one another are said to be completely coherent and can interfere maximally. A wave emitted from a single source has two types of cohe ...
Fiberoptic Sample Holder (FOSH): Characteristics and Uses APPLICATION NOTE 1056-201
Fiberoptic Sample Holder (FOSH): Characteristics and Uses APPLICATION NOTE 1056-201

... signal from the sample holder. Samples are mounted in a small quartz bucket that has a quartz lid to hold them in place. The bucket has an inner diameter of 1.6 mm and a depth of 1.6 mm. The small volume of the quartz bucket limits the size of the samples that can be inserted, so you may need to des ...
"Theoretical Analysis of a Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensor",
"Theoretical Analysis of a Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy Sensor",

... Abstract Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (QEPAS) sensors are based on a recent approach to photoacoustic detection which employs a quartz tuning fork as an acoustic transducer. These sensors enable detection of trace gases for air quality monitoring, industrial process control, and medica ...
THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF PHYCOCYANIN IN
THE PHOTOSYNTHETIC EFFICIENCY OF PHYCOCYANIN IN

... than the back window of the absorption cell. The distance between active surface and absorption cell window was less than a millimeter. Thus even light which had been scattered through a considerable angle was registered by the photronic cell at nearly its full value. The incident intensity was meas ...
Polarization of light on reflection by some natural
Polarization of light on reflection by some natural

... of polarization of light reflected or scattered by ‘optically rough’ surfaces have not yet been put forth even though some of the observed features can be explained on the basis of the earlier work of Stokes (1860), Kubelka and Munk (1931) and others. It is then to be hoped that analysis of extensiv ...
The Photoelectric Effect
The Photoelectric Effect

... The Photoelectric Effect Mystery Another dilemma was how to properly explain the photoelectric effect. Around the same time, physicists knew that if one were to shine an ultraviolet light onto a charged metal plate in a vacuum, the metal plate would lose its charge, or discharge. The brighter the UV ...
4-2 Optical Heterodyne Detection for 60- GHz-Band Radio-on
4-2 Optical Heterodyne Detection for 60- GHz-Band Radio-on

... description for the detection moethod has been theoretically described. The free-running dualmode local light was used to detect a radio-onfiber signal at a 60-GHz band . When the photodetected signal and reference components multiplied each other, the same amount of the laser phase noise in the com ...
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Photoacoustic effect

The photoacoustic effect or optoacoustic effect is the formation of sound waves following light absorption in a material sample. In order to obtain this effect the light intensity must vary, either periodically (modulated light) or as a single flash (pulsed light). The photoacoustic effect is quantified by measuring the formed sound (pressure changes) with appropriate detectors, such as microphones or piezoelectric sensors. The time variation of the electric output (current or voltage) from these detectors is the photoacoustic signal. These measurements are useful to determine certain properties of the studied sample. For example, in photoacoustic spectroscopy, the photoacoustic signal is used to obtain the actual absorption of light in either opaque or transparent objects. It is useful for substances in extremely low concentrations, because very strong pulses of light from a laser can be used to increase sensitivity and very narrow wavelengths can be used for specificity. Furthermore, photoacoustic measurements serve as a valuable research tool in the study of the heat evolved in photochemical reactions (see: photochemistry), particularly in the study of photosynthesis.Most generally, electromagnetic radiation of any kind can give rise to a photoacoustic effect. This includes the whole range of electromagnetic frequencies, from gamma radiation and X-rays to microwave and radio. Still, much of the reported research and applications, utilizing the photoacoustic effect, is concerned with the near ultraviolet/visible and infrared spectral regions.
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