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Physics 6B - UCSB C.L.A.S.
Physics 6B - UCSB C.L.A.S.

... The square loop of wire has current I running through it as shown. If a uniform magnetic field passes through the loop it will rotate due to the magnetic forces on the 4 sides of the loop. Note that the net force will be zero, but the loop will spin in an attempt to align itself with the magnetic fi ...
out of page
out of page

... This work is protected by United States copyright laws and is provided solely for the use of instructors in teaching their courses and assessing student learning. Dissemination or sale of any part of this work (including on the World Wide Web) will destroy the integrity of the work and is not permit ...
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Gedanken and real experiments in modern physics - IPN-Kiel

Physics 2220 – Module 02 Homework
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... The electric field will always be parallel to the sides of the curved surface, so with respect to the area vector direction, the curved integral will be zero since the cosine of 90 degrees is zero. The pillbox will only contain the charge it encloses. The enclosed charge will need to be put in terms ...
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... where H is a time independent Hamiltonian, v is the main laser frequency, and Fstd is the amplitude of the electric field at the nucleus generated by the laser field. For the process described in this paper, H is the Rb atomic Hamiltonian plus a term from the static electric field. There are many fo ...
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... effective mass contribute to the resonance. In this case, the relative depth of the resonance is smaller than that for a quadratic dispersion law. In an inclined magnetic field, the majority of electrons enter the skin depth only once, and then they disappear into the interior of the metal and, ther ...
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Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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