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The potential difference is the work per unit charge, which is
The potential difference is the work per unit charge, which is

Part6 - Physics Learning Laboratories
Part6 - Physics Learning Laboratories

Energetic particle injection events in the Kronian magnetosphere
Energetic particle injection events in the Kronian magnetosphere

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... these materials is crucial for improving their properties and developing applications, it is very difficult because of complexity in strongly interacting many-electron systems. Theoretical studies suggests simple model systems in order to explain the physics, but these systems cannot be verified dir ...
Spin Exchange Optical Pumping of Neon and its Applications
Spin Exchange Optical Pumping of Neon and its Applications

... Since the time of the first compass Man has been intrigued by the properties of magnetic fields. This fascination only increased with the birth of modern electronics. However the reach of magnetism extends well beyond that of electronics. The duality of the theory of magnetism and electricity proved ...
spin exchange optical pumping of neon and its applications
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... Since the time of the first compass Man has been intrigued by the properties of magnetic fields. This fascination only increased with the birth of modern electronics. However the reach of magnetism extends well beyond that of electronics. The duality of the theory of magnetism and electricity proved ...
Resonances, dissipation and decoherence in exotic and artificial atoms
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... be approached exactly in the same way. This raises the question how the electron confinement in the dot should be modelled. The most common choice is a two-dimensional (or, in case of spherical quantum dots, three-dimensional) harmonic oscillator potential, since the solutions for the one-particle p ...
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Ch 16) Electric Charge and Electric Field
Ch 16) Electric Charge and Electric Field

... Only within the past century has it become clear that an understanding of electricity originates inside the atom itself. In later Chapters we will discuss atomic structure and the ideas that led to our present view of the atom in more detail. But it will help our understanding of electricity if we d ...
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Maritime Applications of Quantum Computation

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the standard model - Public < RHUL Physics Department TWiki

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Modeling of Microwave Absorption Mechanisms in

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Zero field NMR and NQR

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Spin and Charge Fluctuations in Strongly Correlated Systems

... becomes conducting, and has been proposed as a glue for the Cooper pairs in the superconducting state. Twenty years have passed since the discovery of the first high-TC superconductor. Since then a great amount of progress has been made in understand the physics of these strongly correlated material ...
Magnetic Induction
Magnetic Induction

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Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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