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The Weirdness of Quantum Mechanics
The Weirdness of Quantum Mechanics

Elementary Quantum Mechanics
Elementary Quantum Mechanics

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Magnetic Effects of Electric Current Summary An electric current

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... distribution (or rather, in the electric field we expect from such a charge distribution) by selecting a Gaussian surface that lies perpendicular (or parallel) to the electric field at that surface, which makes computation of the total electric flux through that surface easy. So the enclosed charge ...
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... particular solution 8(x, z)=αx+β with arbitrary constants α, β. It can be used as the asymptotic at x→∞ and it means that 8(x, z) is constant at vertical lines, when x→∞. To avoid infinite domain it is possible to chose some large parameter b and approximately use this condition at x=b/2: 8(b/2, z)= ...
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... of freedom, in order to properly extrapolate to the macroscopic limit. These conditions are mutually exclusive (almost), and this is the particular challenge in molecular scale transport calculations with ab initio methods. In reality, any ab initio transport calculation begins with a compromise acc ...
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Conduction and Electrostriction of Polymers Induced by High
Conduction and Electrostriction of Polymers Induced by High

... the self-consistent-field convergence is determined by the total energy minimization, while the electron occupation on the calculated orbitals is obtained simply by filling with electrons from the lowest energy level up, regardless of whether this leads to the lowest energy configuration or not. In ...
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- New England Complex Systems Institute

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doc - Dartmouth Math Home

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A Quantum Information Processing Explanation of Disjunction Effects

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Lecture 15: Electric Forces and Electric Fields

... • Nature’s basic carriers of positive charge are protons, which, along with neutron, are located in the nuclei of atoms, while the basic carriers of negative charge are electrons which orbit around the nucleus of an atoms. Atoms are in general electrically neutral. • It is easier to take off electro ...
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Aslide3-Technical-Aspects-3 - Chelmsford Amateur Radio Society

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... navigation, however, the anatomical and physiological basis for the underlying magnetoreception remains unclear [3, 20]. On the basis of numerous behavioral and physiological investigations at least two distinct forms of magnetic transduction have been proposed for migratory birds: one mediated by m ...
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Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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