Anw, samenvatting, h15+16
... He found that the brightest star in each galaxy had almost the same intrinsic brightness. When he knew how far away a galaxy was he looked at the red shift. When he knew the red shift he could calculate the velocity of the galaxy. He found a correlation between the distance from Earth and the veloci ...
... He found that the brightest star in each galaxy had almost the same intrinsic brightness. When he knew how far away a galaxy was he looked at the red shift. When he knew the red shift he could calculate the velocity of the galaxy. He found a correlation between the distance from Earth and the veloci ...
Timekeeping - UC Berkeley Astronomy Department
... 1473-1543 Poland Ptolemaic system was looking shaky because better observations (Arab) showed it kept missing the planetary positions. Copernicus recognized that a heliocentric explanation was much simpler (but he just thought of it as asthetically better). It didn’t actually predict the positions b ...
... 1473-1543 Poland Ptolemaic system was looking shaky because better observations (Arab) showed it kept missing the planetary positions. Copernicus recognized that a heliocentric explanation was much simpler (but he just thought of it as asthetically better). It didn’t actually predict the positions b ...
ASTR 1010 – Spring 2016 – Study Notes Dr. Magnani
... distance from the Earth around which the planets moved at a constant rate) did approximately predict were the planets would be over a period of several years, the longer term predictions were less an ...
... distance from the Earth around which the planets moved at a constant rate) did approximately predict were the planets would be over a period of several years, the longer term predictions were less an ...
Document
... declined in the centuries after Ptolemy, but was kept alive in the Muslim world. Almagest means “greatest” in Arabic. ...
... declined in the centuries after Ptolemy, but was kept alive in the Muslim world. Almagest means “greatest” in Arabic. ...
Greek and Hellenistic astronomy
... around small circles called epicycles at a uniform rate, while the centres of the epicycles moved around in a larger circle whose centre was the Earth. In this model, the stars were thought to be fixed to the inside of an invisible sphere- called celestial sphere. The celestial sphere rotated westwa ...
... around small circles called epicycles at a uniform rate, while the centres of the epicycles moved around in a larger circle whose centre was the Earth. In this model, the stars were thought to be fixed to the inside of an invisible sphere- called celestial sphere. The celestial sphere rotated westwa ...
ppt - The Eclecticon of Dr French
... many modern ideas such as that the planets rotated about an internal axis, and in turn orbited the Sun. In other words a heliocentric model. Sadly the Western world had to wait over 1700 years for this view to be shown to be correct! ...
... many modern ideas such as that the planets rotated about an internal axis, and in turn orbited the Sun. In other words a heliocentric model. Sadly the Western world had to wait over 1700 years for this view to be shown to be correct! ...
The History of Meteorology
... Birth of Cosmological Models • Greeks – ~A.D. 125 Ptolemy – first astronomy textbook • earth is spherical and at center of cosmos & doesn’t move • predicted planetary motion in a GEOCENTRIC cosmos with accuracy • accepted for 1,400 years ...
... Birth of Cosmological Models • Greeks – ~A.D. 125 Ptolemy – first astronomy textbook • earth is spherical and at center of cosmos & doesn’t move • predicted planetary motion in a GEOCENTRIC cosmos with accuracy • accepted for 1,400 years ...
The Egyptians through the Romans
... …that the heavens are spherical and move spherically; …that the earth, in figure, is sensibly spherical also when taken as a whole …[that the earth] in position, lies right in the middle of the heavens, like a geometrical center; …[that the earth] in magnitude and distance, has the ratio of a point ...
... …that the heavens are spherical and move spherically; …that the earth, in figure, is sensibly spherical also when taken as a whole …[that the earth] in position, lies right in the middle of the heavens, like a geometrical center; …[that the earth] in magnitude and distance, has the ratio of a point ...
Geocentric vs. Heliocentric
... Tycho developed a system that combined the best of both worlds. He kept the Earth in the center of the universe, so that he could retain Aristotelian physics and Ptolemy’s geocentric idea. The Moon and Sun revolved about the Earth, and the shell of the fixed stars was centered on the Earth. But Merc ...
... Tycho developed a system that combined the best of both worlds. He kept the Earth in the center of the universe, so that he could retain Aristotelian physics and Ptolemy’s geocentric idea. The Moon and Sun revolved about the Earth, and the shell of the fixed stars was centered on the Earth. But Merc ...
BABYLON and SUMERIA 3000BC
... the heavenly spheres and heavenly bodies (stars and planets). Each of the four earthly elements has its natural place. All that is earthly tends toward the center of the universe, i.e., the center of the Earth. Water tends toward a sphere surrounding the center. Air tends toward a sphere surrounding ...
... the heavenly spheres and heavenly bodies (stars and planets). Each of the four earthly elements has its natural place. All that is earthly tends toward the center of the universe, i.e., the center of the Earth. Water tends toward a sphere surrounding the center. Air tends toward a sphere surrounding ...
Powers of ten notation
... • Sun, Moon and planets move more slowly west to east against celestial sphere each at a different rate on a sphere of their own ...
... • Sun, Moon and planets move more slowly west to east against celestial sphere each at a different rate on a sphere of their own ...
THE MEDIEVAL ARISTOTELIAN WORLD VIEW Some
... The concept of gravitational force did not exist. Loose objects would be thrown out in space if the Earth was moving around its on axis. Clouds, birds and other things in the air would lag behind. How could the Moon follow Earth if Earth was moving around the Sun? How could Earth move around the Sun ...
... The concept of gravitational force did not exist. Loose objects would be thrown out in space if the Earth was moving around its on axis. Clouds, birds and other things in the air would lag behind. How could the Moon follow Earth if Earth was moving around the Sun? How could Earth move around the Sun ...
Presentation 2
... and planets about the celestial pole? • Hypothesis 1: The Earth is stationary, and the stars, Sun, Moon, and planets revolve around it. • Hypothesis 2: The stars, Sun, Moon, and planets are not revolving about the Earth; it is the Earth which is rotating about its polar axis, once per day. ...
... and planets about the celestial pole? • Hypothesis 1: The Earth is stationary, and the stars, Sun, Moon, and planets revolve around it. • Hypothesis 2: The stars, Sun, Moon, and planets are not revolving about the Earth; it is the Earth which is rotating about its polar axis, once per day. ...
Galileo and Newton
... • Thales introduced geometrical ideas into astronomy. • Pythagorus universe as a series of concentric spheres • Eudoxus the idea of rotating spheres to account for the observed complexities of planetary motions. • Aristotle correct explanation of lunar eclipses; sound argument for the spherical shap ...
... • Thales introduced geometrical ideas into astronomy. • Pythagorus universe as a series of concentric spheres • Eudoxus the idea of rotating spheres to account for the observed complexities of planetary motions. • Aristotle correct explanation of lunar eclipses; sound argument for the spherical shap ...
Cool Dudes of Astronomy!
... • Believed the sun was at the center of the universe • Heliocentric Sun • His work was published in1543 – while he was on his deathbed! ...
... • Believed the sun was at the center of the universe • Heliocentric Sun • His work was published in1543 – while he was on his deathbed! ...
Early Astronomy
... These world models attempted to explain phenomena visible to everyone: The daily and annual motions of the Sun across the sky The motion and phases of the Moon The daily and annual motions of the stars (i.e., the celestial sphere) The odd motions of the 5 known planets, or “wanderers” Sola ...
... These world models attempted to explain phenomena visible to everyone: The daily and annual motions of the Sun across the sky The motion and phases of the Moon The daily and annual motions of the stars (i.e., the celestial sphere) The odd motions of the 5 known planets, or “wanderers” Sola ...
Ancient Mathematics 450 B.C. 400 B.C. 350 B.C. 300 B.C. 250 B.C.
... Developed method of exhaustion, used multiple interconnected spheres to account for retrograde motion. ...
... Developed method of exhaustion, used multiple interconnected spheres to account for retrograde motion. ...
Celestial spheres
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus and others. In these celestial models the apparent motions of the fixed stars and the planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (quintessence), like jewels set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars did not change their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere.In modern thought, the orbits of the planets are viewed as the paths of those planets through mostly empty space. Ancient and medieval thinkers, however, considered the celestial orbs to be thick spheres of rarefied matter nested one within the other, each one in complete contact with the sphere above it and the sphere below. When scholars applied Ptolemy's epicycles, they presumed that each planetary sphere was exactly thick enough to accommodate them. By combining this nested sphere model with astronomical observations, scholars calculated what became generally accepted values at the time for the distances to the Sun (about 4 million miles), to the other planets, and to the edge of the universe (about 73 million miles). The nested sphere model's distances to the Sun and planets differ significantly from modern measurements of the distances, and the size of the universe is now known to be inconceivably large and possibly infinite.Albert Van Helden has suggested that from about 1250 until the 17th century, virtually all educated Europeans were familiar with the Ptolemaic model of ""nesting spheres and the cosmic dimensions derived from it"". Even following the adoption of Copernicus's heliocentric model of the universe, new versions of the celestial sphere model were introduced, with the planetary spheres following this sequence from the central Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth-Moon, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.