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... This law does not tell us what the force does; but it simply tells us what happens when it is absent. One can interpret the first law as the definition of ‘zero force’ . The meaning of the force in terms of the momentum p = mv ...
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... The projected rotational velocities were reported to be close to 155 km s−1 and 105 km s−1 by Howarth et al. (1991). The period of the system was found to be 3.070508 d by Kameswara Rao (1972), a value that was confirmed by Howarth et al. (1991) and Harries et al. (1998). The eccentricity estimated ...
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PowerPoint Presentation - Lecture 1 Electric Charge*

... An electric dipole consists of charges +2e and -2e separated by 0.61 nm. It is in an electric field of strength 3.8 x 106 N/C. Calculate the magnitude of the torque on the dipole when the dipole moment has the following orientations. (a)parallel to the field (b) perpendicular to the field (c) antipa ...
here. - SUNY Oswego
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... Galactic Cepheids obey a flat PC relation at maximum light. LMC/SMC Cepheids obey a flat/flatter PC relation at maximum light for Cepheids with periods greater than 10 days. In Galactic Cepheids, HIF and photosphere are only engaged at maximum light. In SMC/LMC Cepheids, always engaged, but only at ...
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... variation of the electric field versus r. P2-3 A coaxial line has an inner conductor of a radius “a” and outer conductor of a radius “b”. The inner conductor is charged by +ρℓ while the outer is charged by -ρℓ. Find electric field as function of ρ, and then find the potential difference between oute ...
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electric field and potential of continuous charge

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A simple way of understanding the nonadditivity of van der Waals

... between this energy and the ground state energy of the decoupled system of oscillating charges. This is equivalent to taking as the interaction energy the expression containing only the terms involving the distance r between the atoms. Denoting by x i the displacement of the electron attached to ato ...
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emp10_03 - School of Physics
emp10_03 - School of Physics

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Circular dichroism



Circular dichroism (CD) is dichroism involving circularly polarized light, i.e., the differential absorption of left- and right-handed light. Left-hand circular (LHC) and right-hand circular (RHC) polarized light represent two possible spin angular momentum states for a photon, and so circular dichroism is also referred to as dichroism for spin angular momentum. This phenomenon was discovered by Jean-Baptiste Biot, Augustin Fresnel, and Aimé Cotton in the first half of the 19th century. It is exhibited in the absorption bands of optically active chiral molecules. CD spectroscopy has a wide range of applications in many different fields. Most notably, UV CD is used to investigate the secondary structure of proteins. UV/Vis CD is used to investigate charge-transfer transitions. Near-infrared CD is used to investigate geometric and electronic structure by probing metal d→d transitions. Vibrational circular dichroism, which uses light from the infrared energy region, is used for structural studies of small organic molecules, and most recently proteins and DNA.
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