Other photon-lithographies
... • A two-layer resist process may be utilized to make this work. Evanescent near field region • I.e. top thin layer for exposure, then transfer Figure 2. Evanescent near field region the pattern into a thick bottom layer. ...
... • A two-layer resist process may be utilized to make this work. Evanescent near field region • I.e. top thin layer for exposure, then transfer Figure 2. Evanescent near field region the pattern into a thick bottom layer. ...
Optical study of lead borosilicate glasses
... atoms). Therefore, the structural units of lead borosilicate glasses may be formed from trigonally coordinated boron (BO3), tetrahedrally coordinated boron (BO4), silicon atoms with 3 and 4 bridging oxygen atoms, and Qn units with Si–O–B/Si–O–Al linkages. Thus, the borate and silicate structures in ...
... atoms). Therefore, the structural units of lead borosilicate glasses may be formed from trigonally coordinated boron (BO3), tetrahedrally coordinated boron (BO4), silicon atoms with 3 and 4 bridging oxygen atoms, and Qn units with Si–O–B/Si–O–Al linkages. Thus, the borate and silicate structures in ...
Niznik - Tampereen teknillinen yliopisto
... most common semiconductor material used in terrestrial photovoltaic cells. The theoretical efficiency of a monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic cell can approach 29 %, while the world record for the best silicon solar cell is 24.3 %. However, industrial c-Si solar cells typically have an effi ...
... most common semiconductor material used in terrestrial photovoltaic cells. The theoretical efficiency of a monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) photovoltaic cell can approach 29 %, while the world record for the best silicon solar cell is 24.3 %. However, industrial c-Si solar cells typically have an effi ...
The Voltaic Origins of Helmholtz`s Physics of Ions
... (now called “Volta effect”), electric tension and current in voltaic cells, electrode polarization, chemical transformations in the cells, and Faraday’s law of electrochemical equivalents. Helmholtz made the following three assumptions: i) The molecules of electrolytes are made of parts (atoms or gr ...
... (now called “Volta effect”), electric tension and current in voltaic cells, electrode polarization, chemical transformations in the cells, and Faraday’s law of electrochemical equivalents. Helmholtz made the following three assumptions: i) The molecules of electrolytes are made of parts (atoms or gr ...
File
... The semiconductor laser is today one of the most important types of lasers with its very important application in fiber optic communication. These lasers use semiconductors as the lasing medium and are characterized by specific advantages such as the capability of direct modulation in the gigahertz ...
... The semiconductor laser is today one of the most important types of lasers with its very important application in fiber optic communication. These lasers use semiconductors as the lasing medium and are characterized by specific advantages such as the capability of direct modulation in the gigahertz ...
Subwavelength imaging in photonic crystals * Chiyan Luo,
... proposed in the 1960s,1 recently attracted strong research interest2–16 and generated some heated debate.17–29 In particular, much attention was focused on the intriguing possibility of superlensing suggested in Ref. 5: a slab of uniform ‘‘left-handed material’’ with permittivity ⑀ ⫽⫺1 and permeabil ...
... proposed in the 1960s,1 recently attracted strong research interest2–16 and generated some heated debate.17–29 In particular, much attention was focused on the intriguing possibility of superlensing suggested in Ref. 5: a slab of uniform ‘‘left-handed material’’ with permittivity ⑀ ⫽⫺1 and permeabil ...
Fine Structure Constant Defines Visual Transparency of Graphene
... has to take into account such effects in graphene’s band structure as triangular warping and nonlinearity (S11). The triangular warping is significant even for E <<1 eV, and there is little left of the linear Dirac spectrum at ε approaching 5 eV. Therefore, for visible energies of 2 to 3 eV, which a ...
... has to take into account such effects in graphene’s band structure as triangular warping and nonlinearity (S11). The triangular warping is significant even for E <<1 eV, and there is little left of the linear Dirac spectrum at ε approaching 5 eV. Therefore, for visible energies of 2 to 3 eV, which a ...
9.2. Summary - Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource
... The large flight distance to Hall B, and associated beam wander, is not expected to be a problem (the specification of beam "wander" in the LCLS design study report is ~10% of the beam diameter, i.e. independent of path length). The angular acceptance for SASE saturation through the undulator is of ...
... The large flight distance to Hall B, and associated beam wander, is not expected to be a problem (the specification of beam "wander" in the LCLS design study report is ~10% of the beam diameter, i.e. independent of path length). The angular acceptance for SASE saturation through the undulator is of ...
92, 075445 (2015)
... approach, both renormalization of the excitonic bands and the exciton radiative decay appear on the same footing as a consequence of the exciton interaction with macroscopic electromagnetic fields. Consequently, general features of the intrinsic exciton polaritons are particularly clearly accentuate ...
... approach, both renormalization of the excitonic bands and the exciton radiative decay appear on the same footing as a consequence of the exciton interaction with macroscopic electromagnetic fields. Consequently, general features of the intrinsic exciton polaritons are particularly clearly accentuate ...
Subnanometer-accuracy optical distance ruler based on fluorescence quenching by transparent conductors R
... We confirm the predicted lifetime decrease on ITO experimentally, using as a proof of principle Al2 O3 dielectric spacers created by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on ITO-coated cover glasses with an ITO thickness of 17 1 nm (see also Supplement 1, Section 3). Fluorescent molecules [tetraphenoxy-pe ...
... We confirm the predicted lifetime decrease on ITO experimentally, using as a proof of principle Al2 O3 dielectric spacers created by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on ITO-coated cover glasses with an ITO thickness of 17 1 nm (see also Supplement 1, Section 3). Fluorescent molecules [tetraphenoxy-pe ...
Real-Time Multicolor DNA Detection with Chemoresponsive
... and possibly reflection losses. Because ∆DE is operationally defined as a ratio, however, these losses do not effect the signals. Discussion ...
... and possibly reflection losses. Because ∆DE is operationally defined as a ratio, however, these losses do not effect the signals. Discussion ...
Ohmic Contacts With Ultra-Low Optical Loss on Heavily Doped n
... Ge layer, which was suggested to be the origin of the increase of the WG propagation loss after annealing [6], can be dramatically reduced while maintaining a low contact resistance. The major focus of this paper will be on the investigation of the optical properties of this new contact structure. T ...
... Ge layer, which was suggested to be the origin of the increase of the WG propagation loss after annealing [6], can be dramatically reduced while maintaining a low contact resistance. The major focus of this paper will be on the investigation of the optical properties of this new contact structure. T ...
Combining Photonic Crystal and Optical Monte
... the propagation of scintillation photons in PET detectors using ray tracing algorithms based on geometric optics [1]–[3], [12]. Since these techniques are not capable of computing the diffractive effects of PhCs, an additional tool is required to solve Maxwell’s equations. For the combination of the ...
... the propagation of scintillation photons in PET detectors using ray tracing algorithms based on geometric optics [1]–[3], [12]. Since these techniques are not capable of computing the diffractive effects of PhCs, an additional tool is required to solve Maxwell’s equations. For the combination of the ...
Why random potentials?
... The Mott insulator phase has been first obtained in a BEC trapped in a 3D optical lattice increasing the lattice height above a critical value Interference pattern of an interacting BEC released from a 3D optical lattice approaching the quantum transition: ...
... The Mott insulator phase has been first obtained in a BEC trapped in a 3D optical lattice increasing the lattice height above a critical value Interference pattern of an interacting BEC released from a 3D optical lattice approaching the quantum transition: ...
Confocal Microscopy - Emory Physics
... Confocal microscopy was pioneered by Marvin Minsky in 1955 while he was a Junior Fellow at Harvard University.[1] Minsky’s invention would perform a point-by-point image construction by focusing a point of light sequentially across a specimen and then collecting some of the returning rays. By illumi ...
... Confocal microscopy was pioneered by Marvin Minsky in 1955 while he was a Junior Fellow at Harvard University.[1] Minsky’s invention would perform a point-by-point image construction by focusing a point of light sequentially across a specimen and then collecting some of the returning rays. By illumi ...
line ratio electron temperature diagnostic in helicon plasma
... atoms becomes important. The secondary processes include: volume recombination; collisions between excited atoms and ground state atoms; cascading redistribution effects; excitation transfer collisions; excitation from metastables. We limit this discussion to low temperature, low to moderate density ...
... atoms becomes important. The secondary processes include: volume recombination; collisions between excited atoms and ground state atoms; cascading redistribution effects; excitation transfer collisions; excitation from metastables. We limit this discussion to low temperature, low to moderate density ...
Effective Charge Transfer Distances in Cyanide
... best fit of the absorption and 2ω-Stark spectra to eq 2 for all four compounds. The zeroth, first, and second derivative fitting components from which these numbers were extracted are also shown in Figures 2-5. All 2ω-Stark spectra are clearly dominated by the second derivative component, with relat ...
... best fit of the absorption and 2ω-Stark spectra to eq 2 for all four compounds. The zeroth, first, and second derivative fitting components from which these numbers were extracted are also shown in Figures 2-5. All 2ω-Stark spectra are clearly dominated by the second derivative component, with relat ...
PDF
... world today rely on spontaneous parametric downconversion in χ (2) crystals [2, 3]. However, our group recently demonstrated a new type of source which relies instead on parametric processes in optical fibers utilizing the χ (3) , or Kerr nonlinearity [4, 5, 6, 7]. In the experiments conducted by Fi ...
... world today rely on spontaneous parametric downconversion in χ (2) crystals [2, 3]. However, our group recently demonstrated a new type of source which relies instead on parametric processes in optical fibers utilizing the χ (3) , or Kerr nonlinearity [4, 5, 6, 7]. In the experiments conducted by Fi ...
Slide 1
... • The evanescent field penetrates only ~10’s nm into the resist. Substrate • A two-layer resist process may be utilized to make this work. Evanescent near field region • I.e. top thin layer for exposure, then transfer the pattern into a thick bottom layer. ...
... • The evanescent field penetrates only ~10’s nm into the resist. Substrate • A two-layer resist process may be utilized to make this work. Evanescent near field region • I.e. top thin layer for exposure, then transfer the pattern into a thick bottom layer. ...
June 4 - The 7th International Conference on Surface Plasmon
... spatial resolution below the diffraction limit. This leads to smearing of the spatial photocurrent maps, which can mask important details. Here we introduce a photocurrent measurement technique which is not limited by the diffraction limit. Using a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microsc ...
... spatial resolution below the diffraction limit. This leads to smearing of the spatial photocurrent maps, which can mask important details. Here we introduce a photocurrent measurement technique which is not limited by the diffraction limit. Using a scattering-type scanning near-field optical microsc ...
c =λ* f λ = wavelength
... model of the atom. When energy is applied to a system, the atoms in the material are excited, and raised to a higher energy level. (The terms "excited atoms", "excited states", and "excited electrons" are used here with no distinction). These electrons will remain in the excited state for a certain ...
... model of the atom. When energy is applied to a system, the atoms in the material are excited, and raised to a higher energy level. (The terms "excited atoms", "excited states", and "excited electrons" are used here with no distinction). These electrons will remain in the excited state for a certain ...
Get PDF - OSA Publishing
... plasmonic absorbers, leading to a variety of potential applications, such as thermal emitters [8], thermal imaging [9], plasmonic sensors [23], et al. A tremendous number of absorbing structures have been proposed, such as absorbers based on lumped elements [11], electric-field-coupled-LC unit cells ...
... plasmonic absorbers, leading to a variety of potential applications, such as thermal emitters [8], thermal imaging [9], plasmonic sensors [23], et al. A tremendous number of absorbing structures have been proposed, such as absorbers based on lumped elements [11], electric-field-coupled-LC unit cells ...
LASER LITHOTRIPSY OF KIDNEY CALCULI WITH A Nd:YAG
... energy. The plasma becomes very hot, reaching several 1000 K (8). The ...
... energy. The plasma becomes very hot, reaching several 1000 K (8). The ...
Convergence of vector spherical wave expansion
... scattered electric and magnetic fields are calculated (or measured), far-field or near-field effects can dominate. For a sphere of radius R and excitation source of wavelength λ , near-field effects are dominant in regions that satisfy the condition R r λ . The far-field approximation is suffici ...
... scattered electric and magnetic fields are calculated (or measured), far-field or near-field effects can dominate. For a sphere of radius R and excitation source of wavelength λ , near-field effects are dominant in regions that satisfy the condition R r λ . The far-field approximation is suffici ...
Raman Spectroscopy
... Therefore, the initial state is the ground state, and the scattered photon will have lower energy (longer wavelength) than the exciting photon. This Stokes shifted scatter is what is usually observed in Raman spectroscopy. Figure 1(a) depicts Raman Stokes scattering. A small fraction of the molecule ...
... Therefore, the initial state is the ground state, and the scattered photon will have lower energy (longer wavelength) than the exciting photon. This Stokes shifted scatter is what is usually observed in Raman spectroscopy. Figure 1(a) depicts Raman Stokes scattering. A small fraction of the molecule ...