The concept of modes in optics and photonics
... for the basic definition of a temporal mode. This property means that photons within one temporal mode cannot by distinguished by their energy hv. For the interested reader and for completeness only, it shown in the following how for more general power spectral density functions S(v) the values of L ...
... for the basic definition of a temporal mode. This property means that photons within one temporal mode cannot by distinguished by their energy hv. For the interested reader and for completeness only, it shown in the following how for more general power spectral density functions S(v) the values of L ...
Construction and Validation of a White Light Interferometer
... field of electronics and communication which were not realized with electronics alone. The advances in science aim at achieving greater speed of operation and reduced form factor for systems in various fields. These achievements were feasible only by the developments of diagnostic instruments which ...
... field of electronics and communication which were not realized with electronics alone. The advances in science aim at achieving greater speed of operation and reduced form factor for systems in various fields. These achievements were feasible only by the developments of diagnostic instruments which ...
Developing 100 ps-resolved X-ray structural
... (HUBER). Time-resolved measurements can be conducted with all diffractometers combined with the pulsed laser system. The data set for the structural analysis can be measured by the CCD with a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The readout time of the CCD is about 2.5 s. The CCD image has 2048 ...
... (HUBER). Time-resolved measurements can be conducted with all diffractometers combined with the pulsed laser system. The data set for the structural analysis can be measured by the CCD with a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The readout time of the CCD is about 2.5 s. The CCD image has 2048 ...
File
... photons generated by the injection current travel to the edge mirrors and are reflected back into the active area. • Photoelectron collisions take place and produce more photons, which continue to bounce back and forth between the two edge mirrors. • This process eventually increases the number of g ...
... photons generated by the injection current travel to the edge mirrors and are reflected back into the active area. • Photoelectron collisions take place and produce more photons, which continue to bounce back and forth between the two edge mirrors. • This process eventually increases the number of g ...
Effective refractive index for determining ray propagation in an
... optical properties. In particular, the conventional ray-tracing technique and its modification and improvement have been extensively used to investigate the single-scattering properties, including the scattering phase matrix, extinction cross section, and single-scattering albedo of nonspherical and ...
... optical properties. In particular, the conventional ray-tracing technique and its modification and improvement have been extensively used to investigate the single-scattering properties, including the scattering phase matrix, extinction cross section, and single-scattering albedo of nonspherical and ...
de Sénarmont Bias Retardation in DIC Microscopy Introduction
... gradients in specimen optical path length into amplitude differences that can be visualized as improved contrast in the microscope eyepieces. The graphs illustrate (a) theoretical specimen optical path gradient in the direction of the prism shear axis, and (b) the first derivative amplitude profile ...
... gradients in specimen optical path length into amplitude differences that can be visualized as improved contrast in the microscope eyepieces. The graphs illustrate (a) theoretical specimen optical path gradient in the direction of the prism shear axis, and (b) the first derivative amplitude profile ...
Finite-energy, accelerating Bessel pulses
... dimension has been reported [1, 2] and the possibility to observe a similar acceleration in the temporal dimension of pulses has also been predicted [3, 4] These pulses are called “Airy” pulses due to the Airy function that describes their shape. Bessel beams are a particularly interesting class of ...
... dimension has been reported [1, 2] and the possibility to observe a similar acceleration in the temporal dimension of pulses has also been predicted [3, 4] These pulses are called “Airy” pulses due to the Airy function that describes their shape. Bessel beams are a particularly interesting class of ...
Exp. 71 - Caltech
... Fabry-Perot cavities (also called Fabry-Perot etalons) are ubiquitous elements in optical physics, and they are used for such applications as sensitive wavelength discriminators, as stable frequency references, and for building up large field intensities with low input powers. Also, lasers are all ma ...
... Fabry-Perot cavities (also called Fabry-Perot etalons) are ubiquitous elements in optical physics, and they are used for such applications as sensitive wavelength discriminators, as stable frequency references, and for building up large field intensities with low input powers. Also, lasers are all ma ...
Electrical Discharge Machining- EDM
... X, Y, and Z axes, as well as rotated, enabling more complex shapes with accuracy better than one mil. (this is called CNC plunger EDM) The spark discharges are pulsed on and off at a high frequency cycle and can repeat 250,000 times per second. Each discharge melts or vaporizes a small area of the w ...
... X, Y, and Z axes, as well as rotated, enabling more complex shapes with accuracy better than one mil. (this is called CNC plunger EDM) The spark discharges are pulsed on and off at a high frequency cycle and can repeat 250,000 times per second. Each discharge melts or vaporizes a small area of the w ...
Syllabus
... student in all academic work. The guiding principle of academic integrity is that a student’s submitted work must be the student’s own.” Unless otherwise noted by the instructor, work for all assignments in this course must be conducted independently by each student. CO-AUTHORED WORK OF ANY KIND IS ...
... student in all academic work. The guiding principle of academic integrity is that a student’s submitted work must be the student’s own.” Unless otherwise noted by the instructor, work for all assignments in this course must be conducted independently by each student. CO-AUTHORED WORK OF ANY KIND IS ...
High-speed and high-efficiency travelling wave single
... configured with a RF probe and a fibre array (see also Supplementary Fig. S3). A photonic chip containing 60 devices is mounted on a movable three-axis stage (Attocube Systems) that is hanging under a 1-K pot inside a helium-4 cryostat. After device cool down, we use a tunable laser source (New Focus ...
... configured with a RF probe and a fibre array (see also Supplementary Fig. S3). A photonic chip containing 60 devices is mounted on a movable three-axis stage (Attocube Systems) that is hanging under a 1-K pot inside a helium-4 cryostat. After device cool down, we use a tunable laser source (New Focus ...
Laser cooling and trapping of atoms
... atomic motion must also include a “random walk” component. This can be described as a diffusion of the atomic momenta in momentum space, similar to Brownian motion in real space. The evolution of the momentum distribution in such circumstances is described by the FokkerPlanckequation, and it can be ...
... atomic motion must also include a “random walk” component. This can be described as a diffusion of the atomic momenta in momentum space, similar to Brownian motion in real space. The evolution of the momentum distribution in such circumstances is described by the FokkerPlanckequation, and it can be ...
Ultracompact high-efficiency polarizing beam splitter with a hybrid
... to the output waveguides effectively for a wide wavelength range. The waveguide inside the PhC region is designed to follow the direction of propagation of the TE-polarized light, which leads to a 0.75-mm shift of the horizontal output waveguide in the 2y direction from the input waveguide, as shown ...
... to the output waveguides effectively for a wide wavelength range. The waveguide inside the PhC region is designed to follow the direction of propagation of the TE-polarized light, which leads to a 0.75-mm shift of the horizontal output waveguide in the 2y direction from the input waveguide, as shown ...
A compact laser head with high-frequency stability for Rb atomic
... previously reported by Ye et al. for diode laser stabilization to Rb saturated absorption resonances, which however used a significantly larger and more sophisticated setup.30 In order to evaluate the sources of limitations to the frequency stability measured at medium-term integration times around ...
... previously reported by Ye et al. for diode laser stabilization to Rb saturated absorption resonances, which however used a significantly larger and more sophisticated setup.30 In order to evaluate the sources of limitations to the frequency stability measured at medium-term integration times around ...
Towards noninvasive glucose sensing using
... hLi in turbid media is a difficult quantity to define, quantify, and measure, and really represents a statistical distribution metric of a variety of photon paths that depend in a complex way on tissue optical properties and measurement geometry, (iii) other optically active chiral species are prese ...
... hLi in turbid media is a difficult quantity to define, quantify, and measure, and really represents a statistical distribution metric of a variety of photon paths that depend in a complex way on tissue optical properties and measurement geometry, (iii) other optically active chiral species are prese ...
Nanoscale focusing of atoms with a pulsed standing wave
... we have used the fundamental of a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (Spectra Physics Tsunami) at 852 nm and a cesium atomic beam apparatus which has been described in detail in [8] for experimental investigations but there is no conceptual difference to the application with other species using frequency ...
... we have used the fundamental of a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser (Spectra Physics Tsunami) at 852 nm and a cesium atomic beam apparatus which has been described in detail in [8] for experimental investigations but there is no conceptual difference to the application with other species using frequency ...
Chapter 2 – Review of length measuring interferometers
... into two. After travelling along the reference and measurement paths the beams interfere with each other and are split again. One beam is given an extra phase difference of π/4 to produce two orthogonal outputs for example by using a quarterwave plate, as in figure 2.1, or by using a specially coate ...
... into two. After travelling along the reference and measurement paths the beams interfere with each other and are split again. One beam is given an extra phase difference of π/4 to produce two orthogonal outputs for example by using a quarterwave plate, as in figure 2.1, or by using a specially coate ...
Toward single-cycle laser systems
... compression experiments [41]. Both structures come with limitations. First, they introduce a wedge into the beam, which leads to an undesired angular dispersion of the beam. This can be partially compensated by using these mirrors in pairs with oppositely oriented wedges. The second drawback is that ...
... compression experiments [41]. Both structures come with limitations. First, they introduce a wedge into the beam, which leads to an undesired angular dispersion of the beam. This can be partially compensated by using these mirrors in pairs with oppositely oriented wedges. The second drawback is that ...
15. Atmospheric Channel Effects and the Impact on
... 19 km. The influence of the atmosphere on an optical link from a HAP at 20 km height to a satellite is therefore much smaller than it is for a link from ground station to satellite. Fading: Variations of the received signal intensity due to interferometric effects and beam wander are usually called ...
... 19 km. The influence of the atmosphere on an optical link from a HAP at 20 km height to a satellite is therefore much smaller than it is for a link from ground station to satellite. Fading: Variations of the received signal intensity due to interferometric effects and beam wander are usually called ...
Experimental investigation of the propagation properties of bloch
... estimated imaginary part of the refractive indexes of SiO2 and SiNx are approximately 10−4 [23]. The values are selected to match with experimental investigations. The periodicity of the multilayer is terminated by a 50 nm-thick terminating layer (top layer) of SiNx. The thickness of the top layer d ...
... estimated imaginary part of the refractive indexes of SiO2 and SiNx are approximately 10−4 [23]. The values are selected to match with experimental investigations. The periodicity of the multilayer is terminated by a 50 nm-thick terminating layer (top layer) of SiNx. The thickness of the top layer d ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.