Optical Fibers and Fiber-Optic Communications
... Those geometrical paths which pass through the axis of symmetry and obey the self-interference condition are known as meridional rays. There are classes of rays which are nearly totally internally reflected and may still propagate some distance down the fiber. These are known as leaky rays (or modes ...
... Those geometrical paths which pass through the axis of symmetry and obey the self-interference condition are known as meridional rays. There are classes of rays which are nearly totally internally reflected and may still propagate some distance down the fiber. These are known as leaky rays (or modes ...
Total Internal Reflection Fluorescence
... with longpass mirror(s) (LP) and then the beam diameter is increased with a telescope beam expander (BE). The periscope mirror system (PM) facilitates alignment by allowing translation of the beam on the TIR mirror (TIR M). Following the reflection of light from the TIR mirror, the collimated light ...
... with longpass mirror(s) (LP) and then the beam diameter is increased with a telescope beam expander (BE). The periscope mirror system (PM) facilitates alignment by allowing translation of the beam on the TIR mirror (TIR M). Following the reflection of light from the TIR mirror, the collimated light ...
Guided Wave Analysis of Hollow Optical Fiber for Mode
... . Characteristic equation can be derived for the given boundary conditions to satisfy continuity requirements for the fields and their derivatives. The propagation constant and subsequent propagation properties can be obtained from the characteristic equation. Although analytical solutions exist for ...
... . Characteristic equation can be derived for the given boundary conditions to satisfy continuity requirements for the fields and their derivatives. The propagation constant and subsequent propagation properties can be obtained from the characteristic equation. Although analytical solutions exist for ...
Laser in dentistry
... Monochromaticity: All emitted photons are the same wave length, energy of laser is concentrated at few discrete wave length W.L (usually one ) which is used to selectively target a specific biological element in the tissue ex; hemoglobine, water or melanin. Unidirectionality: Laser light emission is ...
... Monochromaticity: All emitted photons are the same wave length, energy of laser is concentrated at few discrete wave length W.L (usually one ) which is used to selectively target a specific biological element in the tissue ex; hemoglobine, water or melanin. Unidirectionality: Laser light emission is ...
Theoretical derivation of the depth average of remotely sensed
... that larger deviations from the constant case were found when bb(z)was kept constant, but a(z) covaried with Chl(z). Zaneveld [17] previously derived the theoretical dependence of the remotely sensed reflectance on the vertical structure of optical properties. This derivation, while correct, contain ...
... that larger deviations from the constant case were found when bb(z)was kept constant, but a(z) covaried with Chl(z). Zaneveld [17] previously derived the theoretical dependence of the remotely sensed reflectance on the vertical structure of optical properties. This derivation, while correct, contain ...
Tuneable, stabilised diode lasers for compact atomic frequency
... Fig. 4 summarises the experimentally measured laser frequency stabilities in terms of the Allan standard deviation for the two schemes studied. As can be seen, the subDoppler scheme offers about one order of magnitude better stabilities, but even the Doppler scheme meets the requirements for the app ...
... Fig. 4 summarises the experimentally measured laser frequency stabilities in terms of the Allan standard deviation for the two schemes studied. As can be seen, the subDoppler scheme offers about one order of magnitude better stabilities, but even the Doppler scheme meets the requirements for the app ...
Digital Fourier Microscopy for Soft Matter Dynamics
... its structure and dynamics similar to the one obtained in SLS and DLS experiments. The reader should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not ...
... its structure and dynamics similar to the one obtained in SLS and DLS experiments. The reader should be aware that the term microscopy is used here in a very broad sense because it includes many situations where, due to defocusing [35], speckles [17] or other effects the image of the sample does not ...
Plasmonic chirality of L-shaped nanostructure composed of two
... 37. M. López-García, J. F. Galisteo-Lopez, C. Lopez, and A. Garcia-Martin, “Light confinement by twodimensional arrays of dielectric spheres,” Phys. Rev. B 85(23), 235145 (2012). ...
... 37. M. López-García, J. F. Galisteo-Lopez, C. Lopez, and A. Garcia-Martin, “Light confinement by twodimensional arrays of dielectric spheres,” Phys. Rev. B 85(23), 235145 (2012). ...
An Optical Fiber Lateral Displacement Measurement Method and
... tool for topographical measurement with nano- and sub-nanometer resolution [5], but usually the single scanning distance is of the order of 150 ˆ 150 µm, and the scanning speed is also a limitation. Eddy current sensors have a large range with linearity error of less than ˘3% [6,7], but they are not ...
... tool for topographical measurement with nano- and sub-nanometer resolution [5], but usually the single scanning distance is of the order of 150 ˆ 150 µm, and the scanning speed is also a limitation. Eddy current sensors have a large range with linearity error of less than ˘3% [6,7], but they are not ...
CARMENES in SPIE 2014. Building a fiber link for CARMENES
... CARMENES is a high-resolution spectroscopy project for the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory, consisting of two R ∼ 82000 echelle spectrographs, one for the visual range from 550 nm to 950 nm (VIS) and one for the near infrared range from 950 nm to 1700 nm (NIR). The main scientific goal ...
... CARMENES is a high-resolution spectroscopy project for the 3.5 m telescope at the Calar Alto Observatory, consisting of two R ∼ 82000 echelle spectrographs, one for the visual range from 550 nm to 950 nm (VIS) and one for the near infrared range from 950 nm to 1700 nm (NIR). The main scientific goal ...
Synthesis and Optical Properties of Lead
... employed, both decay processes are dominated by monomolecular decay kinetics (see SI S11). To determine the time constants of these decay processes, we use a biexponential fitting routine (see SI S10 for further details). For the chloridecontaining nanocrystals the characteristic time scales are arou ...
... employed, both decay processes are dominated by monomolecular decay kinetics (see SI S11). To determine the time constants of these decay processes, we use a biexponential fitting routine (see SI S10 for further details). For the chloridecontaining nanocrystals the characteristic time scales are arou ...
Spectral Characteristics of Semiconductor Lasers with Optical
... In the experiments described here, the linewidth and other spectral characteristics of several Hitachi HLP 1400 channeled ...
... In the experiments described here, the linewidth and other spectral characteristics of several Hitachi HLP 1400 channeled ...
Untitled
... written in different computer languages such as Fortran, Matlab, Mathematica. • These solutions are in terms of infinite series and include calculation of scattering phase function, extinction, scattering, and absorption efficiencies, and other parameters such as asymmetry of parameter or radiation ...
... written in different computer languages such as Fortran, Matlab, Mathematica. • These solutions are in terms of infinite series and include calculation of scattering phase function, extinction, scattering, and absorption efficiencies, and other parameters such as asymmetry of parameter or radiation ...
Wavelength Tunable Short Pulses Sources Based on
... A(z, t) = κ[Ax (z, t)e−jφx (z,t) x + Ay (z, t)e−jφy (z,t) y] ...
... A(z, t) = κ[Ax (z, t)e−jφx (z,t) x + Ay (z, t)e−jφy (z,t) y] ...
Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses
... 2 which have larger numerical aperture and larger wave front aberrations and because of that smaller PSF. The second group consists of microlenses 3, 4, and 5 which have smaller numerical aperture and smaller wave front aberrations and because of that larger PSF. The spot diagram represents method f ...
... 2 which have larger numerical aperture and larger wave front aberrations and because of that smaller PSF. The second group consists of microlenses 3, 4, and 5 which have smaller numerical aperture and smaller wave front aberrations and because of that larger PSF. The spot diagram represents method f ...
IX71/IX81 - Olympus Microscopy Resource Center
... for maximum flexibility in mounting filter wheels or the super low 0.25X ...
... for maximum flexibility in mounting filter wheels or the super low 0.25X ...
Resolution in Confocal Microscopy
... than one colour, which allows the observer to see more than one object[11] . This would be particularly useful for looking at more than one entity, such as protein-protein interactions where we wish to see two separate proteins within the one specimen. We have chosen two fluorescent tags that are co ...
... than one colour, which allows the observer to see more than one object[11] . This would be particularly useful for looking at more than one entity, such as protein-protein interactions where we wish to see two separate proteins within the one specimen. We have chosen two fluorescent tags that are co ...
Sample Chapter
... Optical fibres are glass or plastics as thin as human hair, designed to guide light waves along their length. An optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. When light enters through one end of the fibre it undergoes successive total internal reflections from side wall and tra ...
... Optical fibres are glass or plastics as thin as human hair, designed to guide light waves along their length. An optical fibre works on the principle of total internal reflection. When light enters through one end of the fibre it undergoes successive total internal reflections from side wall and tra ...
Solid-state laser system for laser cooling of Sodium - ENS-phys
... coupler M1 with lower reflectivities chosen such as to optimize the intracavity conversion (see section IV below). Mirrors M1 , M2 are plane, while M3 , M4 are concave with radius of curvature Rc = 100 mm. At the crystal location, the 1064 nm (1319 nm) beam is focused to a waist w1 = 45 µm (w2 = 47 ...
... coupler M1 with lower reflectivities chosen such as to optimize the intracavity conversion (see section IV below). Mirrors M1 , M2 are plane, while M3 , M4 are concave with radius of curvature Rc = 100 mm. At the crystal location, the 1064 nm (1319 nm) beam is focused to a waist w1 = 45 µm (w2 = 47 ...
Measuring amplitude and phase in optical fields with
... require coherent detection methods, in particular heterodyne scanning probe microscope (heterodyne SNOM), which allow the measurement of amplitude and phase of the optical field with sub-wavelength resolution. We discuss some basic properties of phase distributions. Light waves diffracted by microst ...
... require coherent detection methods, in particular heterodyne scanning probe microscope (heterodyne SNOM), which allow the measurement of amplitude and phase of the optical field with sub-wavelength resolution. We discuss some basic properties of phase distributions. Light waves diffracted by microst ...
here - Optoelectronics Research Centre
... uses light instead of acoustic vibration to create the image. The term A-scan and Bscan are used commonly in OCT and ultrasonography because of the similarities in the way both techniques are constructing their images or tomograms. An A-scan is a one dimensional, axial profile obtained at a point lo ...
... uses light instead of acoustic vibration to create the image. The term A-scan and Bscan are used commonly in OCT and ultrasonography because of the similarities in the way both techniques are constructing their images or tomograms. An A-scan is a one dimensional, axial profile obtained at a point lo ...
Window strength and environments
... Relevant choices on the optical material (involving index of refraction, Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio, yield strength) used to make the window, as well as on the dimensions (thickness and diameter) and shape (curvature for domes) of the window must be made in correlation with the environmental con ...
... Relevant choices on the optical material (involving index of refraction, Young’s modulus, Poisson ratio, yield strength) used to make the window, as well as on the dimensions (thickness and diameter) and shape (curvature for domes) of the window must be made in correlation with the environmental con ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.