Bethe-Salpeter Equation with Spin
... • Where G is the two-particle Green’s function and all the fields are in the Heisenberg representation. These are the fully dressed fields with their self-interactions. The fields ‘a’ and/or ‘b’ can be spin-1/2, spin-0 or spin-1. • The original derivation (done by both Bethe & Salpeter and Schwinge ...
... • Where G is the two-particle Green’s function and all the fields are in the Heisenberg representation. These are the fully dressed fields with their self-interactions. The fields ‘a’ and/or ‘b’ can be spin-1/2, spin-0 or spin-1. • The original derivation (done by both Bethe & Salpeter and Schwinge ...
Syllabus of math and physics doc
... four chapters of R. Gilmore’s text first. The 5th chapter covers applications to areas typically presented in graduate physics coursework. Then read Jones, then Georgi. There will be much less for you to have to accept by fiat. History: (quoted from Gilmore’s text) “This study of simultaneous differ ...
... four chapters of R. Gilmore’s text first. The 5th chapter covers applications to areas typically presented in graduate physics coursework. Then read Jones, then Georgi. There will be much less for you to have to accept by fiat. History: (quoted from Gilmore’s text) “This study of simultaneous differ ...
Brute – Force Treatment of Quantum HO
... The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator With increasing quantum number n the quantum-mechanical probability density begins to MATCH that expected for a CLASSICAL particle * The probability is MAXIMAL at the ENDS of the motion where the velocity is ZERO and MINIMAL at the CENTER of motion where the velocity ...
... The Quantum Harmonic Oscillator With increasing quantum number n the quantum-mechanical probability density begins to MATCH that expected for a CLASSICAL particle * The probability is MAXIMAL at the ENDS of the motion where the velocity is ZERO and MINIMAL at the CENTER of motion where the velocity ...
An Axiomatization of G'3
... ∨ connectives to match our usual intuition. Positive logic however, as its name suggests, does not contain formulas with negation. It is a well known result that in any logic satisfying axioms Pos1 and Pos2, and with modus ponens as its unique inference rule, the deduction theorem holds [5]. This th ...
... ∨ connectives to match our usual intuition. Positive logic however, as its name suggests, does not contain formulas with negation. It is a well known result that in any logic satisfying axioms Pos1 and Pos2, and with modus ponens as its unique inference rule, the deduction theorem holds [5]. This th ...
Single Spin Asymmetries with real photons in inclusive eN scattering
... Anthropic coincidences for QCD – nucleon masses Improbable initial conditions in terms of quark/gluon momentum fractions – possible signal of randomness ...
... Anthropic coincidences for QCD – nucleon masses Improbable initial conditions in terms of quark/gluon momentum fractions – possible signal of randomness ...
The beauty of string theory - Institute for Advanced Study
... new kind of vibration produces a cousin or “superpartner” for every elementary particle that has the same electric charge but differs in other properties such as spin. Supersymmetric theories make detailed predictions about how superpartners will behave. To confirm supersymmetry, scientists would li ...
... new kind of vibration produces a cousin or “superpartner” for every elementary particle that has the same electric charge but differs in other properties such as spin. Supersymmetric theories make detailed predictions about how superpartners will behave. To confirm supersymmetry, scientists would li ...
NEWTON`S SECOND LAW FROM QUANTUM PHYSICS
... Second Law. That statement is in correspondence with the fact that the ground state wave function is spread out all around the nucleus. This would appear to be a far cry from a classical picture where the electron would have to be a tiny wave packet circling the nucleus. ¤ In a footnote to Section 2 ...
... Second Law. That statement is in correspondence with the fact that the ground state wave function is spread out all around the nucleus. This would appear to be a far cry from a classical picture where the electron would have to be a tiny wave packet circling the nucleus. ¤ In a footnote to Section 2 ...
ZAMPONI Part B2 AQUAMAN
... disordered superconducting electrons, since Cooper pairs can be treated as Bosons; - a complete theory of the superglass phase; the existence of this phase has been recently proposed by mean of numerical simulations and analytical arguments. It might exist in Helium 4, but it is expected to be very ...
... disordered superconducting electrons, since Cooper pairs can be treated as Bosons; - a complete theory of the superglass phase; the existence of this phase has been recently proposed by mean of numerical simulations and analytical arguments. It might exist in Helium 4, but it is expected to be very ...
The Foundations: Logic and Proofs - UTH e
... “Inclusive Or” - In the sentence “Students who have taken CS202 or Math120 may take this class,” we assume that students need to have taken one of the prerequisites, but may have taken both. This is the meaning of disjunction. For p ∨q to be true, either one or both of p and q must be true. “Exclu ...
... “Inclusive Or” - In the sentence “Students who have taken CS202 or Math120 may take this class,” we assume that students need to have taken one of the prerequisites, but may have taken both. This is the meaning of disjunction. For p ∨q to be true, either one or both of p and q must be true. “Exclu ...
string percolation and the color glass condensate
... with the average string tension value < x2 >. Gaussian fluctuations in the string tension ...
... with the average string tension value < x2 >. Gaussian fluctuations in the string tension ...
1 The calculus of “predicates”
... sets. The predicates are number-theoretic or set-theoretic predicates – for example, “... is even” or “... is less than ...”. We can introduce such predicates into a finite language. For example, if the base set is given by A 1,2,3,4 where 1,2,3,4 now really are numbers and no longer mere partit ...
... sets. The predicates are number-theoretic or set-theoretic predicates – for example, “... is even” or “... is less than ...”. We can introduce such predicates into a finite language. For example, if the base set is given by A 1,2,3,4 where 1,2,3,4 now really are numbers and no longer mere partit ...
4 slides/page
... arguments such as the following: Borogroves are mimsy whenever it is brillig. It is now brillig and this thing is a borogrove. Hence this thing is mimsy. Propositional logic is good for reasoning about • conjunction, negation, implication (“if . . . then . . . ”) Amazingly enough, it is also useful ...
... arguments such as the following: Borogroves are mimsy whenever it is brillig. It is now brillig and this thing is a borogrove. Hence this thing is mimsy. Propositional logic is good for reasoning about • conjunction, negation, implication (“if . . . then . . . ”) Amazingly enough, it is also useful ...
Review. Geometry and physics
... X . In quantum theory one has to operate under the fundamental principle of summing over all possible histories with a weight given by the classical action. In that spirit a quantum string can be thought to probe all possible rational curves of every possible degree d at the same time, with weight q ...
... X . In quantum theory one has to operate under the fundamental principle of summing over all possible histories with a weight given by the classical action. In that spirit a quantum string can be thought to probe all possible rational curves of every possible degree d at the same time, with weight q ...
A short article for the Encyclopedia of Artificial Intelligence: Second
... There are many ways to interpret higher-order logic and category theory provides one of the richest possibilities (Lambek & Scott, 1986). Here we outline an early approach used by Henkin (1950). Higher-order logic can be interpreted over a pair h{Dσ }σ , J i, where σ ranges over all types. The set D ...
... There are many ways to interpret higher-order logic and category theory provides one of the richest possibilities (Lambek & Scott, 1986). Here we outline an early approach used by Henkin (1950). Higher-order logic can be interpreted over a pair h{Dσ }σ , J i, where σ ranges over all types. The set D ...
Completeness Theorem for Continuous Functions and Product
... computation. KP arises from ZF by omitting the Power Set Axiom and restricting Separation and Collection to ∆0 -formulas. An admissible set is a transitive set A such that (A, ∈) is a model of KP. The smallest example of an admissible set is the set of hereditarily finite sets HF which corresponds to ...
... computation. KP arises from ZF by omitting the Power Set Axiom and restricting Separation and Collection to ∆0 -formulas. An admissible set is a transitive set A such that (A, ∈) is a model of KP. The smallest example of an admissible set is the set of hereditarily finite sets HF which corresponds to ...
Document
... Predicate Logic A predicate of the form P(x1,…,xn), n>1 that states the relationships among the objects x1,…,xn is called polyadic. Also, an n-place predicate or n-ary predicate (a predicate with arity n). ...
... Predicate Logic A predicate of the form P(x1,…,xn), n>1 that states the relationships among the objects x1,…,xn is called polyadic. Also, an n-place predicate or n-ary predicate (a predicate with arity n). ...
Logic is a discipline that studies the principles and methods used in
... Predicate Logic: Existential Quantifier Suppose P(x) is a predicate on some universe of discourse. The existential quantification of P(x) is the proposition: “There exists at least one x in the universe of discourse such that P(x) is true.” ∃ x P(x) reads “for some x, P(x)” or “There exists x, P(x) ...
... Predicate Logic: Existential Quantifier Suppose P(x) is a predicate on some universe of discourse. The existential quantification of P(x) is the proposition: “There exists at least one x in the universe of discourse such that P(x) is true.” ∃ x P(x) reads “for some x, P(x)” or “There exists x, P(x) ...
TOWARDS THE FRACTIONAL QUANTUM HALL EFFECT: A
... precisely, the fact that the quantization of the Hall conductance appears as a very robust phenomenon, insensitive to changes in the sample and its geometry, or to the presence of impurities, suggests the fact that the effect should have the same qualities of the index theorem, which assigns an inte ...
... precisely, the fact that the quantization of the Hall conductance appears as a very robust phenomenon, insensitive to changes in the sample and its geometry, or to the presence of impurities, suggests the fact that the effect should have the same qualities of the index theorem, which assigns an inte ...
Document
... Q1) Given that two events A1 and A2 are statistically independent, show that a) A1 is independent of A2 Q2)A production line manufacturer 5-gal(18.93-liter) gasoline cans to a volume tolerance of 5%. The probability of any one can being out of tolerance is 0.03. if four cans are selected at random: ...
... Q1) Given that two events A1 and A2 are statistically independent, show that a) A1 is independent of A2 Q2)A production line manufacturer 5-gal(18.93-liter) gasoline cans to a volume tolerance of 5%. The probability of any one can being out of tolerance is 0.03. if four cans are selected at random: ...
Stephen Cook and Phuong Nguyen. Logical foundations of proof
... proofs in P. And a sort of converse to this last statement holds too since the theory T proves the soundness of P. Thus, in the language of the previous paragraph, the proof system P is not only complete, but efficiently so, with respect to the propositional translations of bounded theorems in T . A ...
... proofs in P. And a sort of converse to this last statement holds too since the theory T proves the soundness of P. Thus, in the language of the previous paragraph, the proof system P is not only complete, but efficiently so, with respect to the propositional translations of bounded theorems in T . A ...