Teach Yourself Logic 2016: A Study Guide
... daunting length. But there is another reason which I want to highlight: I very strongly recommend tackling an area of logic by reading a series of books which overlap in level (with the next one covering some of the same ground and then pushing on from the previous one), rather than trying to procee ...
... daunting length. But there is another reason which I want to highlight: I very strongly recommend tackling an area of logic by reading a series of books which overlap in level (with the next one covering some of the same ground and then pushing on from the previous one), rather than trying to procee ...
The Coinductive Formulation of Common Knowledge
... associated with knowledge are characterised by S5. In epistemic logic, is written as K and is interpreted epistemically, that is, K is read “it is known that”. If we want to reason about the knowledge of multiple agents, we can extend S5 by introducing multiple modal operators, each written Ka for ...
... associated with knowledge are characterised by S5. In epistemic logic, is written as K and is interpreted epistemically, that is, K is read “it is known that”. If we want to reason about the knowledge of multiple agents, we can extend S5 by introducing multiple modal operators, each written Ka for ...
Section 1.3 Predicates and Quantifiers Assume universe of
... up this term in the index of the text for more examples. The negation of a “for all” statement is that there exists (there is at least one) example where the statement is not true. That is, in notation ¬( ∀xP( x)) ⇔ ∃ x( ¬P ( x)) . Warning. (Counter) examples are used to prove theorems/statements fa ...
... up this term in the index of the text for more examples. The negation of a “for all” statement is that there exists (there is at least one) example where the statement is not true. That is, in notation ¬( ∀xP( x)) ⇔ ∃ x( ¬P ( x)) . Warning. (Counter) examples are used to prove theorems/statements fa ...
page 135 ADAPTIVE LOGICS FOR QUESTION EVOCATION
... As mentioned in the previous section, Wiśniewski’s concept of question evocation can be applied to any logic of questions that satisfies some minimal requirements. An obvious requirement is that its language L consists of a declarative part (some standard formalized language) and an erotetic part ( ...
... As mentioned in the previous section, Wiśniewski’s concept of question evocation can be applied to any logic of questions that satisfies some minimal requirements. An obvious requirement is that its language L consists of a declarative part (some standard formalized language) and an erotetic part ( ...
Reasoning without Contradiction
... in his late manuscripts, where he insists that, although the sentence ‘It is raining and it is not’ can be used to mean that there is a very light drizzle, there can be no contradictions where one deliberately speaks against (contra-dicere) oneself, uttering a sentence of the form ┌A & ~A┐ and meani ...
... in his late manuscripts, where he insists that, although the sentence ‘It is raining and it is not’ can be used to mean that there is a very light drizzle, there can be no contradictions where one deliberately speaks against (contra-dicere) oneself, uttering a sentence of the form ┌A & ~A┐ and meani ...
Let me begin by reminding you of a number of passages ranging
... gesture toward what really does indicate the essence of logic—the assertoric force with which a sentence is uttered. Frege writes: How is it then that this word ‘true’, though it seems devoid of content, cannot be dispensed with? Would it not be possible, at least in laying the foundations of logic, ...
... gesture toward what really does indicate the essence of logic—the assertoric force with which a sentence is uttered. Frege writes: How is it then that this word ‘true’, though it seems devoid of content, cannot be dispensed with? Would it not be possible, at least in laying the foundations of logic, ...
