Introduction to logic
... As said, an argument is any set of statements – explicit or implicit – one of which is the conclusion (the statement being defended) and the others are the premises (statements providing the defense). The relationship between the conclusion and the premises is such that the conclusion follows from t ...
... As said, an argument is any set of statements – explicit or implicit – one of which is the conclusion (the statement being defended) and the others are the premises (statements providing the defense). The relationship between the conclusion and the premises is such that the conclusion follows from t ...
From p
... boolean value as a bit in a binary number, truth table values can be efficiently encoded as integer values in electronic design automation (EDA) software. For example, a 32-bit integer can encode the truth table for a LUT with up to 5 inputs. When using an integer representation of a truth table, th ...
... boolean value as a bit in a binary number, truth table values can be efficiently encoded as integer values in electronic design automation (EDA) software. For example, a 32-bit integer can encode the truth table for a LUT with up to 5 inputs. When using an integer representation of a truth table, th ...
A Critique of the Foundations of Hoare-Style
... language and its meaning, with special emphasis on the legitimate ways of reasoning in the language. ...
... language and its meaning, with special emphasis on the legitimate ways of reasoning in the language. ...
Chapter 1: The Foundations: Logic and Proofs
... 1.3 Predicates and Quantifiers 1.4 Nested Quantifiers 1.5 Rules of Inference 1.6 Introduction to Proofs 1.7 Proof Methods and Strategy ...
... 1.3 Predicates and Quantifiers 1.4 Nested Quantifiers 1.5 Rules of Inference 1.6 Introduction to Proofs 1.7 Proof Methods and Strategy ...
p q
... How can both p and q be false, and pq be true? •Think of p as a “contract” and q as its “obligation” that is only carried out if the contract is valid. •Example: “If you make more than $25,000, then you must file a tax return.” This says nothing about someone who makes less than $25,000. So the imp ...
... How can both p and q be false, and pq be true? •Think of p as a “contract” and q as its “obligation” that is only carried out if the contract is valid. •Example: “If you make more than $25,000, then you must file a tax return.” This says nothing about someone who makes less than $25,000. So the imp ...
1 Proof of set properties, concluded
... We can use logic to describe set properties in interesting ways, by associating statements with membership of a named object x in the various sets. Let us consider giving specific names to statements asserting membership, i.e. for sets A and B, let P be the statement x ∈ A, and Q be the statement x ...
... We can use logic to describe set properties in interesting ways, by associating statements with membership of a named object x in the various sets. Let us consider giving specific names to statements asserting membership, i.e. for sets A and B, let P be the statement x ∈ A, and Q be the statement x ...
Document
... Objectives: Use symbolic notation to represent logical statements. Form conclusions by applying the laws of logic to true statements, such as statements about a trip to Alabama. ...
... Objectives: Use symbolic notation to represent logical statements. Form conclusions by applying the laws of logic to true statements, such as statements about a trip to Alabama. ...
The Taming of the (X)OR
... computed. For instance, an equivalence like A ≡ B is not subject to further case analysis to actually compute truth assignments for A and B. Instead it serves a functional description of our model. If we really want to have a truth assignment, we can choose a random value for, say, B and then the va ...
... computed. For instance, an equivalence like A ≡ B is not subject to further case analysis to actually compute truth assignments for A and B. Instead it serves a functional description of our model. If we really want to have a truth assignment, we can choose a random value for, say, B and then the va ...
Chapter 1 Section 2
... English and express them in a precise specification language based on logic. Example: Express in propositional logic: “The automated reply cannot be sent when the file system is full” Solution: One possible solution: Let p denote “The automated reply can be sent” and q denote “The file system is ful ...
... English and express them in a precise specification language based on logic. Example: Express in propositional logic: “The automated reply cannot be sent when the file system is full” Solution: One possible solution: Let p denote “The automated reply can be sent” and q denote “The file system is ful ...