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Self-Referential Probability
Self-Referential Probability

.pdf
.pdf

Termination of Higher-order Rewrite Systems
Termination of Higher-order Rewrite Systems

...  Proving consistency of proof calculi for logics. These tasks can be divided into practical and theoretical applications. In theoretical applications it is enough to know that in principle, expressions can be reduced to normal form. The practical tasks are performed by actually computing such a nor ...
Full Text - Rutgers University
Full Text - Rutgers University

Intuitions and Competence in Formal Semantics
Intuitions and Competence in Formal Semantics

On Weak Ground
On Weak Ground

50. Verbal mood - Semantics Archive
50. Verbal mood - Semantics Archive

the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb
the EMNLP 2011 paper - ReVerb

... instead of (Faust, made a deal with, the devil). This type of error is caused by improper handling of relation phrases that are expressed by a combination of a verb with a noun, such as light verb constructions (LVCs). An LVC is a multi-word expression composed of a verb and a noun, with the noun ca ...
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction
Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction

Logic in Nonmonotonic Reasoning
Logic in Nonmonotonic Reasoning

A Logical Foundation for Session
A Logical Foundation for Session

Functional Dependencies in a Relational Database and
Functional Dependencies in a Relational Database and

How to Go Nonmonotonic Contents  David Makinson
How to Go Nonmonotonic Contents David Makinson

Abella: A System for Reasoning about Relational Specifications
Abella: A System for Reasoning about Relational Specifications

... Type declaration that has the general form: Type ...
Sense and Reference
Sense and Reference

Frege - Princeton University
Frege - Princeton University

5 model theory of modal logic
5 model theory of modal logic

... between the (first-order) Kripke structure semantics and the (second-order) frame semantics, give rise to very distinct model theoretic flavours, each with their own tradition in the model theory of modal logic. Still, these two semantics meet through the notion of a general frame (closely related t ...
Dwnst_eff._pred_FG_CW_
Dwnst_eff._pred_FG_CW_

Per Lindström FIRST
Per Lindström FIRST

... Frege's (second-order) logic is far too complicated to lend itself to the type of (mathematical) investigation that completely dominates modern logic. It turned out, however, that the first-order fragment of predicate logic, in which you can quantify over “individuals” but not, as in Frege's logic, ...
Measure Quantifier in Monadic Second Order Logic
Measure Quantifier in Monadic Second Order Logic

A KE Tableau for a Logic of Formal Inconsistency - IME-USP
A KE Tableau for a Logic of Formal Inconsistency - IME-USP

... Definition 2. A set of mCi signed formulas DS is downward saturated: 1. whenever a signed formula is in DS, its conjugate is not in DS; 2. when all premises of any mCi KE rule (except (PB) and (F ◦ ¬ n ◦), for n ≥ 0) are in DS, its conclusions are also in DS; 3. when the major premise of a two-prem ...
SEQUENT SYSTEMS FOR MODAL LOGICS
SEQUENT SYSTEMS FOR MODAL LOGICS

Set theory and logic
Set theory and logic

... In Chapter 8 several axiomatic theories which fall within the realm of modern algebra are introduced. The primary purpose is to enable us to give self-contained characterizations in turn of the system of integers, of rational numbers, and, finally, of real numbers. This is clone in the last three se ...
specificational
specificational

Structuring information in discourse: the explicit/implicit
Structuring information in discourse: the explicit/implicit

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Interpretation (logic)

An interpretation is an assignment of meaning to the symbols of a formal language. Many formal languages used in mathematics, logic, and theoretical computer science are defined in solely syntactic terms, and as such do not have any meaning until they are given some interpretation. The general study of interpretations of formal languages is called formal semantics.The most commonly studied formal logics are propositional logic, predicate logic and their modal analogs, and for these there are standard ways of presenting an interpretation. In these contexts an interpretation is a function that provides the extension of symbols and strings of symbols of an object language. For example, an interpretation function could take the predicate T (for ""tall"") and assign it the extension {a} (for ""Abraham Lincoln""). Note that all our interpretation does is assign the extension {a} to the non-logical constant T, and does not make a claim about whether T is to stand for tall and 'a' for Abraham Lincoln. Nor does logical interpretation have anything to say about logical connectives like 'and', 'or' and 'not'. Though we may take these symbols to stand for certain things or concepts, this is not determined by the interpretation function.An interpretation often (but not always) provides a way to determine the truth values of sentences in a language. If a given interpretation assigns the value True to a sentence or theory, the interpretation is called a model of that sentence or theory.
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