Towards noninvasive glucose sensing using
... hLi in turbid media is a difficult quantity to define, quantify, and measure, and really represents a statistical distribution metric of a variety of photon paths that depend in a complex way on tissue optical properties and measurement geometry, (iii) other optically active chiral species are prese ...
... hLi in turbid media is a difficult quantity to define, quantify, and measure, and really represents a statistical distribution metric of a variety of photon paths that depend in a complex way on tissue optical properties and measurement geometry, (iii) other optically active chiral species are prese ...
Binoculars - shapes and lenses
... higher magnification in this article, making these much easier to use. They are the Bushnell Falcon, about $24, and the Tasco Essentials Zip, about $25, March 2015 Amazon.com prices. With shipping, this would come up to about $30. Another variation seen in miniatures places the two objectives closer ...
... higher magnification in this article, making these much easier to use. They are the Bushnell Falcon, about $24, and the Tasco Essentials Zip, about $25, March 2015 Amazon.com prices. With shipping, this would come up to about $30. Another variation seen in miniatures places the two objectives closer ...
Light scattering properties for spherical and cylindrical particles: a
... Consider the infinite cylinder of radius a on which the plane homogeneous wave is incident and formed angle with the axis of cylinder. It is possible two polarization of incident wave: 1) Electric field is parallel to the plane which is perpendicular to the axis of cylinder and 2) Electric field is ...
... Consider the infinite cylinder of radius a on which the plane homogeneous wave is incident and formed angle with the axis of cylinder. It is possible two polarization of incident wave: 1) Electric field is parallel to the plane which is perpendicular to the axis of cylinder and 2) Electric field is ...
An exact line integral representation of the physical
... This expression can be used in combination with Asvestas' procedure to express the electric field in terms of a line integral for an aperture configuration. In [14] it was also employed to obtain a line integral representation of the PO scattered field from a perfectly conducting plane structure ill ...
... This expression can be used in combination with Asvestas' procedure to express the electric field in terms of a line integral for an aperture configuration. In [14] it was also employed to obtain a line integral representation of the PO scattered field from a perfectly conducting plane structure ill ...
Engineering nonlinearities in nanoscale optical systems
... of these light guiding devices are introduced. Our model uses a fully rigorous approach based on a system of nonlinearly coupled equations describing the pump and probe field envelopes. It also incorporates the effects of optically generated free carriers and the effects of crystalline anisotropy of ...
... of these light guiding devices are introduced. Our model uses a fully rigorous approach based on a system of nonlinearly coupled equations describing the pump and probe field envelopes. It also incorporates the effects of optically generated free carriers and the effects of crystalline anisotropy of ...
spectroscopic ellipsometry as a versatile tool to study thin films
... surface at an incidence angle, θ. A part of light is reflected directly from the surface of sample while the other part of light is refracted (transmitted) into the sample structure. From a linearly polarized incidence light, an elliptically polarized light (from where the name ‘ellipsometer’ comes ...
... surface at an incidence angle, θ. A part of light is reflected directly from the surface of sample while the other part of light is refracted (transmitted) into the sample structure. From a linearly polarized incidence light, an elliptically polarized light (from where the name ‘ellipsometer’ comes ...
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... and dmax is the largest sphere size of the distribution. The total volume fraction of the aggregate Fv is defined by the integral Fv ≡ 0∞ η (d) dd. The variations in the refractive index of the model are determined using weighted averages of typical refractive-index values for the constituents of b ...
... and dmax is the largest sphere size of the distribution. The total volume fraction of the aggregate Fv is defined by the integral Fv ≡ 0∞ η (d) dd. The variations in the refractive index of the model are determined using weighted averages of typical refractive-index values for the constituents of b ...
Semiconductor optical amplifier-based all-optical gates
... 168 Gb/s [57]. High-speed operation has also been achieved, using nonlinear loop mirrors with SOAs demonstrating demultiplexing from 250 Gb/s [58]. For demultiplexing of OTDM signals, the semiconductor-based interferometers do not yet achieve the speed of fiber-based NOLMs (e.g., [59]), but they hav ...
... 168 Gb/s [57]. High-speed operation has also been achieved, using nonlinear loop mirrors with SOAs demonstrating demultiplexing from 250 Gb/s [58]. For demultiplexing of OTDM signals, the semiconductor-based interferometers do not yet achieve the speed of fiber-based NOLMs (e.g., [59]), but they hav ...
Orbital angular momentum: origins
... of the electromagnetic field [4]. For the case of circular polarization, the axial component of the electromagnetic field is an unavoidable consequence of the radial gradient in intensity that occurs at the edge of the beam or the measurement system. A detailed treatment of these edge effects, for a ...
... of the electromagnetic field [4]. For the case of circular polarization, the axial component of the electromagnetic field is an unavoidable consequence of the radial gradient in intensity that occurs at the edge of the beam or the measurement system. A detailed treatment of these edge effects, for a ...
Fraunhofer Diffraction
... • If the curvature of the optical waves must be taken into account at the aperture or image plane, then we must use Fresnel (near-field) diffraction theory. • The Huygens-Fresnel principle is used in diffraction theory, in that every point of a given wavefront of light can be considered as a source ...
... • If the curvature of the optical waves must be taken into account at the aperture or image plane, then we must use Fresnel (near-field) diffraction theory. • The Huygens-Fresnel principle is used in diffraction theory, in that every point of a given wavefront of light can be considered as a source ...
Quantitative spectroscopic photoacoustic imaging
... wavelength, it will also have another effect. As well as coloring the spectrum, it will also distort the image structure. The absorbed energy density at a single wavelength is given by Eq. (2) or (4): HðxÞ ¼ μa ðxÞΦðxÞ. The unknown and nonuniform light distribution ΦðxÞ will therefore distort what w ...
... wavelength, it will also have another effect. As well as coloring the spectrum, it will also distort the image structure. The absorbed energy density at a single wavelength is given by Eq. (2) or (4): HðxÞ ¼ μa ðxÞΦðxÞ. The unknown and nonuniform light distribution ΦðxÞ will therefore distort what w ...
Ultrashort laser pulse generation
... transducer). This is launched into a photo-elastic material, in which the acoustic wave induces a periodic change of the refractive index. This refractive index grating just as a standard transmission grating diffracts light away from the original propagation direction, resulting in a modulation of ...
... transducer). This is launched into a photo-elastic material, in which the acoustic wave induces a periodic change of the refractive index. This refractive index grating just as a standard transmission grating diffracts light away from the original propagation direction, resulting in a modulation of ...
Size Influence on the Propagation Loss Induced by Sidewall
... Silicon–silicon dioxide (Si–SiO ) waveguides benefit from a large refractive index difference, inducing a high electromagnetic field confinement in the silicon guiding layer which in turn allows reducing the waveguide size to submicrometer values [3]. Nevertheless, in order to use SOI waveguides for ...
... Silicon–silicon dioxide (Si–SiO ) waveguides benefit from a large refractive index difference, inducing a high electromagnetic field confinement in the silicon guiding layer which in turn allows reducing the waveguide size to submicrometer values [3]. Nevertheless, in order to use SOI waveguides for ...
Acousto-Optic Devices and Applications
... directions. This phenomenon, known as the acousto-optic (AO) diffraction, has led to a variety of optical devices that perform spatial, temporal, and spectral modulations of light. These devices have been used in optical systems for light-beam control and signalprocessing applications. Historically, ...
... directions. This phenomenon, known as the acousto-optic (AO) diffraction, has led to a variety of optical devices that perform spatial, temporal, and spectral modulations of light. These devices have been used in optical systems for light-beam control and signalprocessing applications. Historically, ...
Optical Fiber Sensors for Biomedical Applications
... where k is the total number of rings. With the jacket removed, a fiber bundle can achieve a total active area of almost 65%. 3. Optical components such as connectors, lenses, mirrors, fiber couplers, circulators, polarizers, phase modulators, and beam-splitters can be configured to optimize the sign ...
... where k is the total number of rings. With the jacket removed, a fiber bundle can achieve a total active area of almost 65%. 3. Optical components such as connectors, lenses, mirrors, fiber couplers, circulators, polarizers, phase modulators, and beam-splitters can be configured to optimize the sign ...
Modeling Of Mouse Eye And Errors In Ocular Parameters Affecting
... inevitable because of the nature of research performed. In this part the ocular parameters just ...
... inevitable because of the nature of research performed. In this part the ocular parameters just ...
Document
... The bound b 1 therefore provides a condition of stability (boundedness) of the ray trajectory If, instead, |b| > 1, is then imaginary and the solution is a hyperbolic function (cosh or sinh), which increases without bound. A harmonic solution ensures that y, is bounded for all m, with a maximum ...
... The bound b 1 therefore provides a condition of stability (boundedness) of the ray trajectory If, instead, |b| > 1, is then imaginary and the solution is a hyperbolic function (cosh or sinh), which increases without bound. A harmonic solution ensures that y, is bounded for all m, with a maximum ...
z - at www.arxiv.org.
... time it occurs when the trajectory passes below the axis z against the direction of the moving screen edge. Noteworthy, while one of the OVs quickly passes the “rapid” segment of its trajectory, the other ones perform the “normal” slow motion typical for other trajectory segments. Many other details ...
... time it occurs when the trajectory passes below the axis z against the direction of the moving screen edge. Noteworthy, while one of the OVs quickly passes the “rapid” segment of its trajectory, the other ones perform the “normal” slow motion typical for other trajectory segments. Many other details ...
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... 17].This research can also be used to make optical diodes. The idea proposed here for optical diode implementation is a photonic crystal generated from a periodic modulation of the optical properties of a medium, which leads to the formation of a band gap. Light is transmitted through the crystal if ...
... 17].This research can also be used to make optical diodes. The idea proposed here for optical diode implementation is a photonic crystal generated from a periodic modulation of the optical properties of a medium, which leads to the formation of a band gap. Light is transmitted through the crystal if ...
