Braunwald`s Heart Disease Review and Assessment
... B. This is a continuous murmur resulting from mixed aortic valve disease C. This is a continuous murmur due to a congenital shunt, likely a patent ductus arteriosus D. Continuous murmurs of this type can only be congenital; murmurs due to acquired arteriovenous connections are purely systolic E. ...
... B. This is a continuous murmur resulting from mixed aortic valve disease C. This is a continuous murmur due to a congenital shunt, likely a patent ductus arteriosus D. Continuous murmurs of this type can only be congenital; murmurs due to acquired arteriovenous connections are purely systolic E. ...
Double Outlet Right Ventricle
... • In the absence of pulmonary stenosis, corrective operation should be performed in the first 6 months of life, or pulmonary artery banding and subsequent delayed repair at age 1-2 years or beyond 2 years, if morphology is more challenging • In the presence of pulmonary stenosis, this approach are s ...
... • In the absence of pulmonary stenosis, corrective operation should be performed in the first 6 months of life, or pulmonary artery banding and subsequent delayed repair at age 1-2 years or beyond 2 years, if morphology is more challenging • In the presence of pulmonary stenosis, this approach are s ...
Assessment of the Morphologic Right Ventricular Function after the
... that the incidence of morphologic right ventricular dysfunction is increasing [2]. By forty-five years old, 56% of patients got SV dysfunction associated with VSD, morphologic TR and so on [3]. Abnormalities of the morphologic tricuspid valve have reportedly been observed in up to nine-tenths of pat ...
... that the incidence of morphologic right ventricular dysfunction is increasing [2]. By forty-five years old, 56% of patients got SV dysfunction associated with VSD, morphologic TR and so on [3]. Abnormalities of the morphologic tricuspid valve have reportedly been observed in up to nine-tenths of pat ...
Hypertension, Systolic Blood Pressure, and Large Arteries
... a better guide than DBP to evaluate CV and all-cause mortality. In 1988 and later,5,6 we investigated a large population of patients treated for hypertension and where DBP was consistently and adequately controlled (%90 mm Hg). Approximately one third of the subjects exhibited a high SBP (R140 mm Hg ...
... a better guide than DBP to evaluate CV and all-cause mortality. In 1988 and later,5,6 we investigated a large population of patients treated for hypertension and where DBP was consistently and adequately controlled (%90 mm Hg). Approximately one third of the subjects exhibited a high SBP (R140 mm Hg ...
Left ventricle
... trabecular and into the base of anterior papillary muscle. Here it becomes continuous with the fibers of Purkinje fibres • Left bundle branch－passes down on left side of interventricular septum beneath the endocardium. It usually divides into two branches, which eventually become continuous with the ...
... trabecular and into the base of anterior papillary muscle. Here it becomes continuous with the fibers of Purkinje fibres • Left bundle branch－passes down on left side of interventricular septum beneath the endocardium. It usually divides into two branches, which eventually become continuous with the ...
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: A Review Article Juan A
... aortic pressure gradient significantly, which resulted in symptom improvement, higher functional capacity, and favorable long-term outcomes (5). Given that the benefits of TAVR far outweighed the associated risks, this procedure could be used as a new standard treatment for severe aortic stenosis in ...
... aortic pressure gradient significantly, which resulted in symptom improvement, higher functional capacity, and favorable long-term outcomes (5). Given that the benefits of TAVR far outweighed the associated risks, this procedure could be used as a new standard treatment for severe aortic stenosis in ...
right atrium right ventricle
... (b) color Doppler shows a left-to-right shunt (blue) during systole. (c) Also a small right-to-left shunt (red) during early diastole (LV relaxes more quickly than RV, resulting in a transient pressure gradient favoring shunting from the right to left ventricle). ...
... (b) color Doppler shows a left-to-right shunt (blue) during systole. (c) Also a small right-to-left shunt (red) during early diastole (LV relaxes more quickly than RV, resulting in a transient pressure gradient favoring shunting from the right to left ventricle). ...
Marfan Syndrome Guide
... the forcefulness of the heartbeat and the pressure inside the arteries. This helps prevent or slow the enlargement of the aorta. Betablocker therapy usually begins at an early age. If you cannot take beta-blockers due to asthma or side effects, your doctor may prescribe a calcium channel blocker. An ...
... the forcefulness of the heartbeat and the pressure inside the arteries. This helps prevent or slow the enlargement of the aorta. Betablocker therapy usually begins at an early age. If you cannot take beta-blockers due to asthma or side effects, your doctor may prescribe a calcium channel blocker. An ...
Aortic Valve and Ascending Aorta Guidelines for Management and
... 3. AVR may be considered for adults with severe asymptomatic AS if there is a high likelihood of rapid progression (age, calcification, and CAD) or if surgery might be delayed at the time of symptom onset. (Level of evidence C) 4. AVR may be considered in patients undergoing CABG who have mild AS wh ...
... 3. AVR may be considered for adults with severe asymptomatic AS if there is a high likelihood of rapid progression (age, calcification, and CAD) or if surgery might be delayed at the time of symptom onset. (Level of evidence C) 4. AVR may be considered in patients undergoing CABG who have mild AS wh ...
Accessory Mitral Valve without Left Ventricular Outflow Tract
... Most of the patients were diagnosed with AMV during the 1st decade of life.5 Only 15 (16.7%) of the 90 patients had mild LVOT obstruction and 3 (3.3%) had none. In fact, most cases involved severe LVOT obstruction, with a median LVOT gradient of more than 50 mmHg.5,8,9 Cases of isolated AMV, such as ...
... Most of the patients were diagnosed with AMV during the 1st decade of life.5 Only 15 (16.7%) of the 90 patients had mild LVOT obstruction and 3 (3.3%) had none. In fact, most cases involved severe LVOT obstruction, with a median LVOT gradient of more than 50 mmHg.5,8,9 Cases of isolated AMV, such as ...
Do Angiographic Characteristics Explain Racial Differences In
... the waveform should mimic aortic root pressure. Dampening or ventricularization of the pressure waveform may indicate over engagement of the catheter or significant vessel stenosis. Extreme care should be taken before instillation of contrast medium without normal pressure waveforms. ...
... the waveform should mimic aortic root pressure. Dampening or ventricularization of the pressure waveform may indicate over engagement of the catheter or significant vessel stenosis. Extreme care should be taken before instillation of contrast medium without normal pressure waveforms. ...
Chapter 22-Heart
... • The left atrium pumps blood into the left ventricle • The left ventricle pumps blood out the aorta to the ...
... • The left atrium pumps blood into the left ventricle • The left ventricle pumps blood out the aorta to the ...
Heart ppt File
... • the Atrio-ventricular node or AV node • the Bundle of His • conduction fibres called Purkinje fibres As the stimulus for contraction of the heart originates from within cardiac muscle, the heartbeat is described as being ...
... • the Atrio-ventricular node or AV node • the Bundle of His • conduction fibres called Purkinje fibres As the stimulus for contraction of the heart originates from within cardiac muscle, the heartbeat is described as being ...
Advances in Valvular Heart Disease - DSpace Home
... been extended to the study of regional and global function of other cardiac chambers, including the right ventricle and le$ atrium. Speckle tracking echocardiography is undergoing standardization and is expected to improve the yield of routine echocardiography in valvular heart disease by defining t ...
... been extended to the study of regional and global function of other cardiac chambers, including the right ventricle and le$ atrium. Speckle tracking echocardiography is undergoing standardization and is expected to improve the yield of routine echocardiography in valvular heart disease by defining t ...
A tracing of the electrical activity of the heart is called a/an . 6. What
... A) The ventricle needs to pressurize the blood to close the aortic valve. B) Ventricular pressure is greater than atrial pressure so the ventricle cannot eject blood. C) The bicuspid valve needs time to shut before the ventricle can eject blood. D) Aortic pressure is higher than ventricular pressure ...
... A) The ventricle needs to pressurize the blood to close the aortic valve. B) Ventricular pressure is greater than atrial pressure so the ventricle cannot eject blood. C) The bicuspid valve needs time to shut before the ventricle can eject blood. D) Aortic pressure is higher than ventricular pressure ...
long notes
... The development of the cardiovascular system is an early embryological event. It begins during the third week of gestation or the fifth week LMP. From fertilization, it takes five weeks for the human heart to develop into its definitive fetal structure. During this period, the system develops so it ...
... The development of the cardiovascular system is an early embryological event. It begins during the third week of gestation or the fifth week LMP. From fertilization, it takes five weeks for the human heart to develop into its definitive fetal structure. During this period, the system develops so it ...
Hypoplastic left heart syndrome
... compared to normal. Even though stage I surgery can now be offered with an early mortality rate of some 15%, parents have to understand fully the implications of embarking on long term palliative care of their newborn child. Survival at 1, 5 and 10 years is some 75%, 70% and 65%, respectively, in th ...
... compared to normal. Even though stage I surgery can now be offered with an early mortality rate of some 15%, parents have to understand fully the implications of embarking on long term palliative care of their newborn child. Survival at 1, 5 and 10 years is some 75%, 70% and 65%, respectively, in th ...
valve replacement for acute left heart endocarditis
... sepsis occured in 19 patients. In 26 cases, mixed causes dictated the need for early surgery These results are concordant with literature reports (6, 12). Earlier surgical management of acute endocarditis should also be mandatory on several conditions. Among causative germs, fungi are particularly r ...
... sepsis occured in 19 patients. In 26 cases, mixed causes dictated the need for early surgery These results are concordant with literature reports (6, 12). Earlier surgical management of acute endocarditis should also be mandatory on several conditions. Among causative germs, fungi are particularly r ...
Tetralogy of Fallot
... .In truncus arteriosus type III, the branch pulmonary arteries originate independently from the common arterial trunk or aortic arch, most often from the left and right lateral aspects of the trunk. This occasionally occurs with origin of one pulmonary artery from the underside of the aortic arch, ...
... .In truncus arteriosus type III, the branch pulmonary arteries originate independently from the common arterial trunk or aortic arch, most often from the left and right lateral aspects of the trunk. This occasionally occurs with origin of one pulmonary artery from the underside of the aortic arch, ...
Prospective and Retrospective ECG Gating for Thoracic CT
... quality of the aorta was superior using retrospective ECG-gated acquisition compared with non-ECG-gated acquisition. The benefit of ECG-gated synchronization was most pronounced in the proximal ascending aorta and was less so at the aortic arch and proximal descending aorta [1]. ECG gating improves ...
... quality of the aorta was superior using retrospective ECG-gated acquisition compared with non-ECG-gated acquisition. The benefit of ECG-gated synchronization was most pronounced in the proximal ascending aorta and was less so at the aortic arch and proximal descending aorta [1]. ECG gating improves ...
Mechanisms of Fixed Splitting of the Second Heart Sound
... from 0.04 to 0.10 second. None of these patients had the electrocardiographic pattern of right bunidle-branch block. DISCUSSION ...
... from 0.04 to 0.10 second. None of these patients had the electrocardiographic pattern of right bunidle-branch block. DISCUSSION ...
A new flow model for prosthetic heart valves
... of prosthetic heart valves are generally made of Plexiglas and Lucite tubing. They often allow continuouswave and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound velocity measurements to be made parallel to the flow, but cannot be used as such for ultrasound scanning of valve inflow and outflow velocities because of ...
... of prosthetic heart valves are generally made of Plexiglas and Lucite tubing. They often allow continuouswave and pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasound velocity measurements to be made parallel to the flow, but cannot be used as such for ultrasound scanning of valve inflow and outflow velocities because of ...
What is and How to Do 3D Echocardiography?
... indicating sluggish flow. The 3D exam may help differentiate between a bilobed left atrial appendage versus an actual thrombus when the 2D exam is inconclusive. In mitral stenosis, 3D TEE may help quantify mitral valve area more accurately. However, 3D may add little to management, since the decisi ...
... indicating sluggish flow. The 3D exam may help differentiate between a bilobed left atrial appendage versus an actual thrombus when the 2D exam is inconclusive. In mitral stenosis, 3D TEE may help quantify mitral valve area more accurately. However, 3D may add little to management, since the decisi ...
Central Pulse Pressure and Mortality in End
... Abstract—Damage of large arteries is a major factor in the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Increased aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and brachial pulse pressure (PP) are the principal arterial markers of cardiovascular mortality described ...
... Abstract—Damage of large arteries is a major factor in the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality of patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Increased aortic pulse wave velocity (PWV) and brachial pulse pressure (PP) are the principal arterial markers of cardiovascular mortality described ...
11:35 am Tetralogy of Fallot - Factors Affecting Pulmonary Valve
... AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease (based on outcomes): Aortic Regurgitation (AR): Class I • AVR is indicated for symptomatic patients with severe AR regardless of LV systolic function, • AVR is indicated for asymptomatic patients with chronic severe AR and ...
... AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Valvular Heart Disease (based on outcomes): Aortic Regurgitation (AR): Class I • AVR is indicated for symptomatic patients with severe AR regardless of LV systolic function, • AVR is indicated for asymptomatic patients with chronic severe AR and ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.