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paradoxical splitting of the second heart sound - Heart
... second sound with the normal shows prolongation of left ventricular systole (0-36 sec.) and shortening of right ventricular systole (0-32 sec.). The former has been shown to be a feature of severe aortic stenosis (Katz and Feil, 1925) and is a result of obstruction to left ventricular outflow: the l ...
... second sound with the normal shows prolongation of left ventricular systole (0-36 sec.) and shortening of right ventricular systole (0-32 sec.). The former has been shown to be a feature of severe aortic stenosis (Katz and Feil, 1925) and is a result of obstruction to left ventricular outflow: the l ...
Canine Right and Left Ventricular Cell and Sarcomere Lengths after
... would occur at the ventricular base which has a larger diameter than the apex. The calculated increase in the number of sarcomeres per cell length indicates that the increase in cell length is the result of adding more sarcomeres to the cell and not merely due to a stretching of the sarcomeres. We p ...
... would occur at the ventricular base which has a larger diameter than the apex. The calculated increase in the number of sarcomeres per cell length indicates that the increase in cell length is the result of adding more sarcomeres to the cell and not merely due to a stretching of the sarcomeres. We p ...
Second Heart Sound in Pulmonary Hypertension - Heart
... aged 18-60 years). Three patients in this group had additional anomalous pulmonary venous drainComment. The second heart sound of patients age; one had an ostium primum defect; the rewith slight mitral regurgitation is normal, apart mainder had ostium secundum defects. The from a slightly higher inc ...
... aged 18-60 years). Three patients in this group had additional anomalous pulmonary venous drainComment. The second heart sound of patients age; one had an ostium primum defect; the rewith slight mitral regurgitation is normal, apart mainder had ostium secundum defects. The from a slightly higher inc ...
Determination of reference values for tricuspid annular plane
... Objective: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is an echocardiographic measurement used for evaluating right ventricular systolic function. While established reference values of TAPSE exist for the adult population, only a limited number of studies have attempted to evaluate reference ...
... Objective: Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) is an echocardiographic measurement used for evaluating right ventricular systolic function. While established reference values of TAPSE exist for the adult population, only a limited number of studies have attempted to evaluate reference ...
Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Pulmonary Valve Replacement
... similar plot could be drawn for pulmonary valve insufficiency. Statistical analysis showed that the increase was significant in both cases (p ⬍ 0.001). In 126 patients corrected with a transannular patch, 50 (39%) had developed severe RV dilatation at last followup; if the surgeon did not use this p ...
... similar plot could be drawn for pulmonary valve insufficiency. Statistical analysis showed that the increase was significant in both cases (p ⬍ 0.001). In 126 patients corrected with a transannular patch, 50 (39%) had developed severe RV dilatation at last followup; if the surgeon did not use this p ...
Trisomy 13 Facts
... from pumping blood correctly (a heart murmur is generally heard from this finding); atrial septal defect (ASD), an opening between the two upper chambers of the heart making it difficult for the heart to pump sufficient oxygen-rich blood to body tissues (a heart murmur is often heard); patent ductus ...
... from pumping blood correctly (a heart murmur is generally heard from this finding); atrial septal defect (ASD), an opening between the two upper chambers of the heart making it difficult for the heart to pump sufficient oxygen-rich blood to body tissues (a heart murmur is often heard); patent ductus ...
Determinants of the relation between systolic pressure and
... Results Patiznts with normal mt atrial pressure (Table IA). In the 22 palients with normal mean right atrial pressure (58 mm H& peak rigbl vcmricular systolic pressure ranged from 20 to 97 mm Hg. The pulmonary valve closure-tricuspi? valve opening interval increased as an approximately I&S function ...
... Results Patiznts with normal mt atrial pressure (Table IA). In the 22 palients with normal mean right atrial pressure (58 mm H& peak rigbl vcmricular systolic pressure ranged from 20 to 97 mm Hg. The pulmonary valve closure-tricuspi? valve opening interval increased as an approximately I&S function ...
Template for BMJ Cases - ELSO 2016
... Venoarterial ECMO is a mechanical circulatory support of election for infants and children with severe acute cardiopulmonary failure. Volume overload VI, increased afterload generated by the VA-ECMO perfusion, results in increased wall-stress, and poor LV decompression; it may result in dilatation o ...
... Venoarterial ECMO is a mechanical circulatory support of election for infants and children with severe acute cardiopulmonary failure. Volume overload VI, increased afterload generated by the VA-ECMO perfusion, results in increased wall-stress, and poor LV decompression; it may result in dilatation o ...
Right ventricular dysfunction in advanced heart failure
... Due to its peculiar anatomic characteristics, it is easier for the right ventricle to tolerate volume overload than pressure ...
... Due to its peculiar anatomic characteristics, it is easier for the right ventricle to tolerate volume overload than pressure ...
Atrial natriuretic polypeptide is removed by the lungs and released
... and blood samples were taken at each position. Blood samplingfor measurement of atria1natriuretic polypeptide in the pulmonary capillarybed was performed by occludingthe pulmonary artery with the Swan-Ganz catheter balloon. To confirm whether the atrial natriuretic polypeptide levels in the pulmonar ...
... and blood samples were taken at each position. Blood samplingfor measurement of atria1natriuretic polypeptide in the pulmonary capillarybed was performed by occludingthe pulmonary artery with the Swan-Ganz catheter balloon. To confirm whether the atrial natriuretic polypeptide levels in the pulmonar ...
Ruptured Aneurysm of the Right Sinus of Valsalva Into the Right
... The aneurysms are primary located in the right sinus of Valsalva (76.8%) and secondary in the noncoronary sinus (20.2%) and in the left sinus (3%) 6. The most common coexisting congenital heart diseases are ventricular septal defect (VSD), usually subaortic (25-55%) and regurgitation of the aortic v ...
... The aneurysms are primary located in the right sinus of Valsalva (76.8%) and secondary in the noncoronary sinus (20.2%) and in the left sinus (3%) 6. The most common coexisting congenital heart diseases are ventricular septal defect (VSD), usually subaortic (25-55%) and regurgitation of the aortic v ...
Congenital Heart Defects – A Review
... during pregnancy in mothers of infants with congenital heart defects than in matchedcontrol women suggested causative relationship between Coxsackie B infection and congenital heart defects, but this evidence is neither conclusive nor confirmed. Among drugs, maternal ingestion of thalidomide during ...
... during pregnancy in mothers of infants with congenital heart defects than in matchedcontrol women suggested causative relationship between Coxsackie B infection and congenital heart defects, but this evidence is neither conclusive nor confirmed. Among drugs, maternal ingestion of thalidomide during ...
Cardiac Embryology and Molecular Mechanisms of Congenital
... The atrioventricular valves develop from mesenchymal cells of the endocardial atrioventricular cushions during the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation.12 Growth of the superior, inferior, and lateral atrioventricular cushions partition the common atrioventricular canal into the left and right atriove ...
... The atrioventricular valves develop from mesenchymal cells of the endocardial atrioventricular cushions during the fifth and sixth weeks of gestation.12 Growth of the superior, inferior, and lateral atrioventricular cushions partition the common atrioventricular canal into the left and right atriove ...
Continuous Flow Left ventricular Assist Device
... Preoperatively, transthoracic echocardiography can identify atrial level communication with color Doppler imaging of the interatrial septum, or in the apical windows following intravenous administration of agitated saline [25]. The appearance of agitated saline bubbles in the left heart chambers wit ...
... Preoperatively, transthoracic echocardiography can identify atrial level communication with color Doppler imaging of the interatrial septum, or in the apical windows following intravenous administration of agitated saline [25]. The appearance of agitated saline bubbles in the left heart chambers wit ...
Template for BMJ Cases - ELSO 2016
... Venoarterial ECMO is a mechanical circulatory support of election for infants and children with severe acute cardiopulmonary failure. Volume overload VI, increased afterload generated by the VA-ECMO perfusion, results in increased wall-stress, and poor LV decompression; it may result in dilatation o ...
... Venoarterial ECMO is a mechanical circulatory support of election for infants and children with severe acute cardiopulmonary failure. Volume overload VI, increased afterload generated by the VA-ECMO perfusion, results in increased wall-stress, and poor LV decompression; it may result in dilatation o ...
Persistent left superior vena cava with an absent right superior vena
... venogram was implemented with 2 venous lines placed into both forearms. This allows the exclusion of all venous connections that may not be detected with only 1 side contrast injection. A persistent LSVC may be also suspected during other tests: for example, by a chest X-ray which reveals a widened ...
... venogram was implemented with 2 venous lines placed into both forearms. This allows the exclusion of all venous connections that may not be detected with only 1 side contrast injection. A persistent LSVC may be also suspected during other tests: for example, by a chest X-ray which reveals a widened ...
Pulmonary Vascular Capacitance as a Predictor of Vasoreactivity in
... of pulmonary vessels to dilate during systole and recoil during diastole, a dynamic component of pulmonary circulation. The association between Cp and vasoreactivity shows that presence of a more dynamic pulmonary artery might increase the probability of a positive pulmonary vasodilator test and Cp ...
... of pulmonary vessels to dilate during systole and recoil during diastole, a dynamic component of pulmonary circulation. The association between Cp and vasoreactivity shows that presence of a more dynamic pulmonary artery might increase the probability of a positive pulmonary vasodilator test and Cp ...
Persistent left superior vena cava: a case report and review of
... congenital heart disease. Clin Radiol. 1986;37:1318. 5. J. Marshall. On the development of the great anterior veins in man and mammalia: including an account of certain remnants of fetal structure found in the adult, a comparative view of these great veins in the different mammalia, an analysis of t ...
... congenital heart disease. Clin Radiol. 1986;37:1318. 5. J. Marshall. On the development of the great anterior veins in man and mammalia: including an account of certain remnants of fetal structure found in the adult, a comparative view of these great veins in the different mammalia, an analysis of t ...
saturation of mixed venous blood from caval samples
... satisfactory regression for the whole group but it results in too high a mean value caused by the high oxygen content of low inferior vena cava blood. All formulae ignore the contribution of coronary sinus blood which, though only 5 per cent of the total, is very desaturated (Wade and Bishop, I962). ...
... satisfactory regression for the whole group but it results in too high a mean value caused by the high oxygen content of low inferior vena cava blood. All formulae ignore the contribution of coronary sinus blood which, though only 5 per cent of the total, is very desaturated (Wade and Bishop, I962). ...
51.
... muscle (where the Purkinje tissue of the moderator band occurs). Choline acetyltransferase activity was high in the right atrial appendage, which in addition to contractile function, play.,, an importmlt role in conducting the imptdse from the sinoatrial node to the atr~oventricular node. Tyrosine h ...
... muscle (where the Purkinje tissue of the moderator band occurs). Choline acetyltransferase activity was high in the right atrial appendage, which in addition to contractile function, play.,, an importmlt role in conducting the imptdse from the sinoatrial node to the atr~oventricular node. Tyrosine h ...
Moseby Berge_2013_Hypertension_Blood pressure in professional
... to their office BP [6]. All controls were white Europeans, and they were compared with white European players only to make the comparisons more homogeneous. All white players were compared with all black players, but not to players of other or mixed ethnicity because this category was too heterogene ...
... to their office BP [6]. All controls were white Europeans, and they were compared with white European players only to make the comparisons more homogeneous. All white players were compared with all black players, but not to players of other or mixed ethnicity because this category was too heterogene ...
12.Disorder of cardiac rhythm
... ECG : Р amount > QRS amount, P waves and QRS complexes appear independently, some time Р are masked by QRS or T and that causes their deformation ...
... ECG : Р amount > QRS amount, P waves and QRS complexes appear independently, some time Р are masked by QRS or T and that causes their deformation ...
Myocardial Lysosomes in Experimental Atrial Septal Defects
... Preliminary observations in patients undergoing open-heart surgery have suggested that the lysosomes in the right atrium are increased in patients with atrial septal defects. This increase in lysosomes per myocardial cell appears to be directly related to the size of the left to right shunt. The fol ...
... Preliminary observations in patients undergoing open-heart surgery have suggested that the lysosomes in the right atrium are increased in patients with atrial septal defects. This increase in lysosomes per myocardial cell appears to be directly related to the size of the left to right shunt. The fol ...
the mitral valve in endocardial cushion defects - Heart
... right bundle-branch block and a deep or slurred S wave in "posterior" leads II, III, and VF, were present in most cases. A long P-R interval (more than 0-2 sec. in adults) was present in 13 patients in grade I, 6 in grade II, and in all in grade III. Evidence of left atrial hypertrophy suggesting mi ...
... right bundle-branch block and a deep or slurred S wave in "posterior" leads II, III, and VF, were present in most cases. A long P-R interval (more than 0-2 sec. in adults) was present in 13 patients in grade I, 6 in grade II, and in all in grade III. Evidence of left atrial hypertrophy suggesting mi ...
Atrial Fibrillation Tutorial
... a probe can be placed in the swallowing tube (esophagus) behind your heart to acquire highresolution images of the left atrium) be performed to assure no visible thrombus exists within the left atrium before proceeding with catheter ablation. The largest risks with this procedure include stroke (<=1 ...
... a probe can be placed in the swallowing tube (esophagus) behind your heart to acquire highresolution images of the left atrium) be performed to assure no visible thrombus exists within the left atrium before proceeding with catheter ablation. The largest risks with this procedure include stroke (<=1 ...
Atrial septal defect
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Asd-web.jpg?width=300)
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.