PAH
... Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (or left ventricular end diastolic pressure if not obtainable) Pulmonary artery pressure Right ventricle pressure Right atrium pressure Left atrium (if entered via a patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect) pressure Mixed venous oxygen saturation — Site depend ...
... Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (or left ventricular end diastolic pressure if not obtainable) Pulmonary artery pressure Right ventricle pressure Right atrium pressure Left atrium (if entered via a patent foramen ovale or atrial septal defect) pressure Mixed venous oxygen saturation — Site depend ...
Left atrial myxoma with aortic regurgitation - Heart
... catheterisation was considered necessary to show conclusively that the abnormal echoes posterior to the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and the aortic root (Fig. 1A and 1B) were the result of a left atrial tumour. These abnormal echoes were then interpreted as coming from the posterior surface ...
... catheterisation was considered necessary to show conclusively that the abnormal echoes posterior to the anterior leaflet of the mitral valve and the aortic root (Fig. 1A and 1B) were the result of a left atrial tumour. These abnormal echoes were then interpreted as coming from the posterior surface ...
document
... On average, shunts last about 10 years, although they can last for a much longer or much shorter amount of time. ...
... On average, shunts last about 10 years, although they can last for a much longer or much shorter amount of time. ...
PULMONARY HYPERTENSION AND ANESTHESIA R N. K
... mmHg results in a significant decrease in RVEF even in the presence of a normal RV contractility10. In the presence of deceased RV contractility, the RV is even more susceptible to acute increases in afterload11. In chronic pulmonary hypertension, increases in PVR gradually worsens right ventricular ...
... mmHg results in a significant decrease in RVEF even in the presence of a normal RV contractility10. In the presence of deceased RV contractility, the RV is even more susceptible to acute increases in afterload11. In chronic pulmonary hypertension, increases in PVR gradually worsens right ventricular ...
the mechanism of intracardiac shunting in the lizard varanus
... Ventricular systemic output (VSO), ventricular pulmonary output (VPO) and the sum of both, total heart output (THO) were neither significantly different with unpaired or paired i-test nor showed any trend between breathing periods and apnoea (Table 1). The mean values ( ± S . D . ) from both periods ...
... Ventricular systemic output (VSO), ventricular pulmonary output (VPO) and the sum of both, total heart output (THO) were neither significantly different with unpaired or paired i-test nor showed any trend between breathing periods and apnoea (Table 1). The mean values ( ± S . D . ) from both periods ...
Atrial fibrillation
... common to experience atrial fibrillation early during the recovery period. Rarely, atrial fibrillation may be worse for a few weeks after the procedure and may be related to inflammation where the lesions were created. In most patients, these episodes subside within one to three months. Ablation of ...
... common to experience atrial fibrillation early during the recovery period. Rarely, atrial fibrillation may be worse for a few weeks after the procedure and may be related to inflammation where the lesions were created. In most patients, these episodes subside within one to three months. Ablation of ...
Congenital heart defects in cats - Epsilon Archive for Student Projects
... investigate the prevalence and distribution of CHD in a large group of cats presented at the University Animal Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden, between the years 1996 and 2013. In the first part of the study, case records of cats presented and diagnosed with CHD at the University Animal Hospital, Uppsal ...
... investigate the prevalence and distribution of CHD in a large group of cats presented at the University Animal Hospital in Uppsala, Sweden, between the years 1996 and 2013. In the first part of the study, case records of cats presented and diagnosed with CHD at the University Animal Hospital, Uppsal ...
Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma: poor 18F
... positivity for smooth muscle actin as well as focal positivity for desmin consistent with myofibroblastic differentiation (original magnification 200x) (right). These findings are consistent with intimal sarcoma. ...
... positivity for smooth muscle actin as well as focal positivity for desmin consistent with myofibroblastic differentiation (original magnification 200x) (right). These findings are consistent with intimal sarcoma. ...
Physiology of the Right Ventricle
... by a measurement of PVR—or improvement in maximum cardiac output obtained by unloading the RV assessed by exercise capacity. However, it has been proposed that some of the vasodilators used for the treatment of PAH might also have intrinsic positive inotropic effects. There are data suggesting that ...
... by a measurement of PVR—or improvement in maximum cardiac output obtained by unloading the RV assessed by exercise capacity. However, it has been proposed that some of the vasodilators used for the treatment of PAH might also have intrinsic positive inotropic effects. There are data suggesting that ...
A simple method of weighing the heart
... hypertension while 'ratios reversed' in which D (L/R-T/L) is 0 or less than 0 are associated with pulmonary hypertension. The ratios L/R, T/R, and for D (L/R-T/L) were therefore analysed further as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. It can be seen that (1) L/R is 3 or more in only 25 (15%) of males and in ...
... hypertension while 'ratios reversed' in which D (L/R-T/L) is 0 or less than 0 are associated with pulmonary hypertension. The ratios L/R, T/R, and for D (L/R-T/L) were therefore analysed further as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. It can be seen that (1) L/R is 3 or more in only 25 (15%) of males and in ...
Long-Term Outcome of Outlet-Type Ventricular Septal Defect: Focus
... and abolition of the development of aortic valve complications. On the other hand, in patients with large VSD, the presence of severe CHF might indicate advanced impairment of heart function. Although VSD repair was successfully accomplished, 3 of our patients had early mortality, highlighting that ...
... and abolition of the development of aortic valve complications. On the other hand, in patients with large VSD, the presence of severe CHF might indicate advanced impairment of heart function. Although VSD repair was successfully accomplished, 3 of our patients had early mortality, highlighting that ...
Low pressure giant pulmonary artery aneurysms in the adult: natural
... ventricular volume overload but also the associated haemodynamic burden on the vessel wall as described earlier. In the surgical series of Kuwaki and colleagues,15 aneurysmorrhaphy, without pulmonary valve replacement, was associated with late recurrence of pulmonary arterial dilatation, perhaps bec ...
... ventricular volume overload but also the associated haemodynamic burden on the vessel wall as described earlier. In the surgical series of Kuwaki and colleagues,15 aneurysmorrhaphy, without pulmonary valve replacement, was associated with late recurrence of pulmonary arterial dilatation, perhaps bec ...
Successful Ablation of Atrioventricular Nodal Re
... interruption starts at lower levels, and veins from these structures drain to the azygos vein. Afterward, the azygos vein joins the superior vena cava at the right paratracheal space.3 A tortuous course of the azygos continuation complicates catheter ablation from the lower extremities. Successful s ...
... interruption starts at lower levels, and veins from these structures drain to the azygos vein. Afterward, the azygos vein joins the superior vena cava at the right paratracheal space.3 A tortuous course of the azygos continuation complicates catheter ablation from the lower extremities. Successful s ...
Phys Chapter 9 [4-20
... sodium through them into the heart muscle fiber, causing a prolonged period of depolarization, which causes the plateau The calcium that enters during the plateau activate muscle contraction o Unlike skeletal muscle, which gets its calcium for muscle contraction from its sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR ...
... sodium through them into the heart muscle fiber, causing a prolonged period of depolarization, which causes the plateau The calcium that enters during the plateau activate muscle contraction o Unlike skeletal muscle, which gets its calcium for muscle contraction from its sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR ...
Role of the Posterior Left Atrium and Pulmonary Veins
... Background—Surgery can eliminate atrial fibrillation (AF), but data confirming the rationale for specific lesion sets are lacking. We used postoperative electrophysiological studies to test the rationale and effects of operative pulmonary venous isolation. Methods and Results—Fourteen patients under ...
... Background—Surgery can eliminate atrial fibrillation (AF), but data confirming the rationale for specific lesion sets are lacking. We used postoperative electrophysiological studies to test the rationale and effects of operative pulmonary venous isolation. Methods and Results—Fourteen patients under ...
Jugular Venous Pulse: Window into the Right Heart
... From the Cardiology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC. Reprint requests to: Dr. Patrick J. Devine, Cardiology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, 6900 Georgia Avenue, NW, Building 2, Room 3L28, ...
... From the Cardiology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC. Reprint requests to: Dr. Patrick J. Devine, Cardiology Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, 6900 Georgia Avenue, NW, Building 2, Room 3L28, ...
Cardiac MR Imaging and MR Angiography for Assessment of Com
... associated with pulmonary artery atresia of various degrees of severity (from mild arterial hypoplasia to the complete absence of the main pulmonary artery or the nonconfluence of its branches). Other commonly associated anomalies are right-sided aortic arch, which is present in 25% of cases, and at ...
... associated with pulmonary artery atresia of various degrees of severity (from mild arterial hypoplasia to the complete absence of the main pulmonary artery or the nonconfluence of its branches). Other commonly associated anomalies are right-sided aortic arch, which is present in 25% of cases, and at ...
4.4. Mitral valve prosthesis vs. plasty and final result of the
... excitation generated in sinus node to spread towards atrioventricular node by a certain path, only. While suppressing arrhythmogenic impulses, this method in 90 % of cases prevents from atrial fibrillation caused by various mechanisms. Therefore, medicamental treatment and different methods of non-m ...
... excitation generated in sinus node to spread towards atrioventricular node by a certain path, only. While suppressing arrhythmogenic impulses, this method in 90 % of cases prevents from atrial fibrillation caused by various mechanisms. Therefore, medicamental treatment and different methods of non-m ...
Corrected Transposition of the Great Vessels without Associated
... that are alleged to be uncomplicated, the majority have had either varying degrees of left AV valvular insufficiency, complete heart block, or both. l 2 With the onset of complete heart block, congestive failure is often superimposed and may be the cause of death. Berben and Adicoffls have reported ...
... that are alleged to be uncomplicated, the majority have had either varying degrees of left AV valvular insufficiency, complete heart block, or both. l 2 With the onset of complete heart block, congestive failure is often superimposed and may be the cause of death. Berben and Adicoffls have reported ...
Reliability of Central Venous Pressure as an Indicator of Left Atrial
... the relationship between left atrial and right atrial pressures. The superiority of CW over other methods of determining venous pressure has been established.2 Important clinical decisions have been based on CVP measurements and on the changes which occur during the course of observation and treatme ...
... the relationship between left atrial and right atrial pressures. The superiority of CW over other methods of determining venous pressure has been established.2 Important clinical decisions have been based on CVP measurements and on the changes which occur during the course of observation and treatme ...
Straddling Right Atrioventricular Valves in
... right atrioventricular orifice than in other hearts of this type that we have examined.9 However, this case was complicated by the presence of a sling of conduction tissue encircling the septal crest. We have encountered such slings previously in the presence of atrioventricular discordance, and Wen ...
... right atrioventricular orifice than in other hearts of this type that we have examined.9 However, this case was complicated by the presence of a sling of conduction tissue encircling the septal crest. We have encountered such slings previously in the presence of atrioventricular discordance, and Wen ...
Reliability of Central Venous Pressure as an
... the relationship between left atrial and right atrial pressures. The superiority of CW over other methods of determining venous pressure has been established.2 Important clinical decisions have been based on CVP measurements and on the changes which occur during the course of observation and treatme ...
... the relationship between left atrial and right atrial pressures. The superiority of CW over other methods of determining venous pressure has been established.2 Important clinical decisions have been based on CVP measurements and on the changes which occur during the course of observation and treatme ...
Doppler Examination of the Fetal Pulmonary Venous Circulation
... of a complete failure to connect there is a total bilateral anomalous pulmonary venous connection. This is the embryologic persistence of the connection to the systemic veins, since this remains the only pathway for lung blood to return to the heart. According to their site of connection, there are ...
... of a complete failure to connect there is a total bilateral anomalous pulmonary venous connection. This is the embryologic persistence of the connection to the systemic veins, since this remains the only pathway for lung blood to return to the heart. According to their site of connection, there are ...
Supraventricular arrhythmias
... • A 68-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a racing heart for the past 2 hours. She reports a 2-year history of similar episodes, for which her physician instructed her to cough or strain. The episodes usually terminate after a few minutes of following her physician's instruc ...
... • A 68-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a racing heart for the past 2 hours. She reports a 2-year history of similar episodes, for which her physician instructed her to cough or strain. The episodes usually terminate after a few minutes of following her physician's instruc ...
Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.