Peer-reviewed Article PDF - e
... for aortic dissection, like hypertension, congenital cardiovascular disease (e.g. coarctation of aorta, congenital stenotic aortic valve, and unicuspid and bicuspid aortic valve), supravalvular aortic stenosis, connective tissue disorders (e.g. the Marfan syndrome and familial cystic medial degenera ...
... for aortic dissection, like hypertension, congenital cardiovascular disease (e.g. coarctation of aorta, congenital stenotic aortic valve, and unicuspid and bicuspid aortic valve), supravalvular aortic stenosis, connective tissue disorders (e.g. the Marfan syndrome and familial cystic medial degenera ...
Pulmonary circulation at exercise.
... of resistances. Very high flows are associated with high capillary pressures, up to a 20–25 mmHg threshold associated with interstitial lung edema and altered ventilation/perfusion relationships. Pulmonary artery pressures of 40–50 mmHg, which can be achieved at maximal exercise, may correspond to t ...
... of resistances. Very high flows are associated with high capillary pressures, up to a 20–25 mmHg threshold associated with interstitial lung edema and altered ventilation/perfusion relationships. Pulmonary artery pressures of 40–50 mmHg, which can be achieved at maximal exercise, may correspond to t ...
Managing adult Fontan patients: where do we stand?
... atrial arrhythmia increases the pressure in the pulmonary venous atrium leading to a reduction in the pressure gradient down which the pulmonary blood flows. Reduction in pulmonary blood flow further depletes the preload in the single ventricle and leads to a fall in cardiac output. It is a frequent ...
... atrial arrhythmia increases the pressure in the pulmonary venous atrium leading to a reduction in the pressure gradient down which the pulmonary blood flows. Reduction in pulmonary blood flow further depletes the preload in the single ventricle and leads to a fall in cardiac output. It is a frequent ...
- Wiley Online Library
... A 10-mL sterile saline flush of the distal CVC port was performed simultaneously to the start of prospective recording of a 6-second digital video clip of either a standard subcostal or an apical four-chamber transthoracic cardiac window. The appearance of the saline swirl entering the right atrium w ...
... A 10-mL sterile saline flush of the distal CVC port was performed simultaneously to the start of prospective recording of a 6-second digital video clip of either a standard subcostal or an apical four-chamber transthoracic cardiac window. The appearance of the saline swirl entering the right atrium w ...
atrial fibrillation
... In a normal heart beat, the cardiac contraction is initiated by an electrical impulse from the sinoatrial (SA) node. This electrical impulse exits the SA node and travels through the atria (producing the P wave) and stimulates atrial contraction. At the same time, the electrical impulse moves though ...
... In a normal heart beat, the cardiac contraction is initiated by an electrical impulse from the sinoatrial (SA) node. This electrical impulse exits the SA node and travels through the atria (producing the P wave) and stimulates atrial contraction. At the same time, the electrical impulse moves though ...
Print - Circulation
... delivered a constant current stimulus of 2 msec duration. During atrial pacing, ECG leads I, II and III were recorded simultaneously with the stimulus artifact and with the bipolar atrial electrograms from each of the other two sites using an Electronics for Medicine DR-12 switched-beam oscilloscopi ...
... delivered a constant current stimulus of 2 msec duration. During atrial pacing, ECG leads I, II and III were recorded simultaneously with the stimulus artifact and with the bipolar atrial electrograms from each of the other two sites using an Electronics for Medicine DR-12 switched-beam oscilloscopi ...
Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation: Predicting Recurrence
... time between the procedure and when an arrhythmic episode is counted) across studies have not provided definitive conclusions. Variables that have been implicated as potential predictors of recurrence include: type of AF, increased left atrial diameter, decreased ejection fraction, hypertension, bod ...
... time between the procedure and when an arrhythmic episode is counted) across studies have not provided definitive conclusions. Variables that have been implicated as potential predictors of recurrence include: type of AF, increased left atrial diameter, decreased ejection fraction, hypertension, bod ...
PULMONARY CIRCULATION AT EXERCISE
... Aging is associated with an increase in PVR. This is related to a slight increase in mean Ppa and a more important decrease in cardiac output leading to a doubling of PVR over a five decades life (11,68,69,88). According to the Hagen-Poiseuille law, assuming no changes in pulmonary vascular length o ...
... Aging is associated with an increase in PVR. This is related to a slight increase in mean Ppa and a more important decrease in cardiac output leading to a doubling of PVR over a five decades life (11,68,69,88). According to the Hagen-Poiseuille law, assuming no changes in pulmonary vascular length o ...
Pulmonary arterial hypertension in children
... distinct pathological feature of uniform fibrotic occlusion of peripheral small venules [22]. Although rare, it does occur early in childhood and has been reported in familial cases [23]. Progressive long-segment pulmonary vein hypoplasia leading to pulmonary venous atresia is another uniformly fata ...
... distinct pathological feature of uniform fibrotic occlusion of peripheral small venules [22]. Although rare, it does occur early in childhood and has been reported in familial cases [23]. Progressive long-segment pulmonary vein hypoplasia leading to pulmonary venous atresia is another uniformly fata ...
Structural And Functional Remodeling Of The Left Atrium: Clinical
... conduction heterogeneity and electrogram fractionation.53,54 Similar changes have also been documented in more recent clinical studies with electroanatomic mapping showing reduced voltage, conduction slowing and increased electrogram fractionation with senescence.55,56 Together, these structural cha ...
... conduction heterogeneity and electrogram fractionation.53,54 Similar changes have also been documented in more recent clinical studies with electroanatomic mapping showing reduced voltage, conduction slowing and increased electrogram fractionation with senescence.55,56 Together, these structural cha ...
Development of Heart Failure and Congenital Septal
... of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that mice deficient in eNOS developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of eNOS in heart development. Methods and Results—We examined postnatal mortality, cardi ...
... of cell growth, apoptosis, and tissue perfusion. Recent studies showed that mice deficient in eNOS developed abnormal aortic bicuspid valves. The aim of the present study was to additionally investigate the role of eNOS in heart development. Methods and Results—We examined postnatal mortality, cardi ...
Right ventricular remodeling and function in pulmonary arterial hypertension
... thickening, fibrosis of the adventitia, thrombotic lesions and the presence of plexiform lesions in the small pulmonary arteries which are thought to be major contributors to the elevated PVR3. PAH is a rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 15 cases per million in the general adult population ...
... thickening, fibrosis of the adventitia, thrombotic lesions and the presence of plexiform lesions in the small pulmonary arteries which are thought to be major contributors to the elevated PVR3. PAH is a rare disease with an estimated prevalence of 15 cases per million in the general adult population ...
Catheter Ablation of the Pulmonary Veins as Treatment of Atrial
... technique for a variety of supraventricular arrhythmias, in which intracardiac mapping identifies a discrete arrhythmogenic focus that is the target of ablation. The situation is more complex for atrial fibrillation, since there is not a single arrhythmogenic focus. Since the inception of ablation t ...
... technique for a variety of supraventricular arrhythmias, in which intracardiac mapping identifies a discrete arrhythmogenic focus that is the target of ablation. The situation is more complex for atrial fibrillation, since there is not a single arrhythmogenic focus. Since the inception of ablation t ...
AUTHOR QUERY FORM
... thickening the best. C and D, Computed tomography (CT). C, Chest CT without contrast enhancement. Axial slice demonstrates thickened pericardium, most prominent anteriorly (arrows). D, Intravenous contrast–enhanced CT of the chest. Axial image shows areas of focal thickening with calcification in th ...
... thickening the best. C and D, Computed tomography (CT). C, Chest CT without contrast enhancement. Axial slice demonstrates thickened pericardium, most prominent anteriorly (arrows). D, Intravenous contrast–enhanced CT of the chest. Axial image shows areas of focal thickening with calcification in th ...
Atrial Fibrillation - George Washington University School of Medicine
... phenomenon, which may be reversible with the maintenance of sinus rhythm,22 has been termed atrial electrical remodeling.23 Pretreatment with verapamil may markedly reduce the extent of remodeling,24 suggesting that cytosolic calcium overload is a contributory ...
... phenomenon, which may be reversible with the maintenance of sinus rhythm,22 has been termed atrial electrical remodeling.23 Pretreatment with verapamil may markedly reduce the extent of remodeling,24 suggesting that cytosolic calcium overload is a contributory ...
National Medical Policy
... Doppler, and spectral Doppler as important elements of a comprehensive TTE/TEE evaluating relevant cardiac structures and hemodynamics. Stress echocardiography will include rest and stress 2-dimensional imaging at a minimum unless performed for hemodynamics, when Doppler must be included. The range ...
... Doppler, and spectral Doppler as important elements of a comprehensive TTE/TEE evaluating relevant cardiac structures and hemodynamics. Stress echocardiography will include rest and stress 2-dimensional imaging at a minimum unless performed for hemodynamics, when Doppler must be included. The range ...
Atrial Fibrillation in Children
... study indicated, but esophageal monitoring and pacing may be performed relatively easily. Additionally, the transition from the fetal circulation to the neonatal circulation puts added stretch and stress on the left atrium (and the pulmonary veins) due to lower pulmonary resistance and increased pul ...
... study indicated, but esophageal monitoring and pacing may be performed relatively easily. Additionally, the transition from the fetal circulation to the neonatal circulation puts added stretch and stress on the left atrium (and the pulmonary veins) due to lower pulmonary resistance and increased pul ...
approach to cyanotic congenital
... 3. Physiological classification - PS / No PS 4. Hemodynamic information - PA pressure etc. 5. Assessment of Ventricular function 6. Decides the type of repair needed Pediatric echocardiography must be performed by skilled personnel, since errors are possible Hence provisional diagnosis must be m ...
... 3. Physiological classification - PS / No PS 4. Hemodynamic information - PA pressure etc. 5. Assessment of Ventricular function 6. Decides the type of repair needed Pediatric echocardiography must be performed by skilled personnel, since errors are possible Hence provisional diagnosis must be m ...
Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness of Radiofrequency
... continuation of drug therapy alone to lead to maintained sinus rhythm. Low strength of evidence (4 trials [n ⫽ 30 to 137] and 1 retrospective study [n ⫽ 1171]) suggested that radiofrequency ablation improved quality of life, promoted avoidance of anticoagulation, and decreased readmission rates comp ...
... continuation of drug therapy alone to lead to maintained sinus rhythm. Low strength of evidence (4 trials [n ⫽ 30 to 137] and 1 retrospective study [n ⫽ 1171]) suggested that radiofrequency ablation improved quality of life, promoted avoidance of anticoagulation, and decreased readmission rates comp ...
Fontan Operation - Hellenic Journal of Cardiology
... retrospective study by Fontan and colleagues showed that the risk of premature death, such as the danger of attrition of the Fontan circulation, rose steeply when the McGoon ratio was less than 1.8.14,15 The function of the ventricle is a defining factor of a successful Fontan circulation. However, ...
... retrospective study by Fontan and colleagues showed that the risk of premature death, such as the danger of attrition of the Fontan circulation, rose steeply when the McGoon ratio was less than 1.8.14,15 The function of the ventricle is a defining factor of a successful Fontan circulation. However, ...
Atrial remodeling due to atrial tachycardia and heart failure
... III.A.3. Atrial electrical remodeling – changes in ion currents and channels Shortening of the atrial refractory period and the atrial action potential may be caused by a net decrease of inward ionic currents (Na+ or Ca2+), a net increase in outward currents (K+) or a combination of both. The change ...
... III.A.3. Atrial electrical remodeling – changes in ion currents and channels Shortening of the atrial refractory period and the atrial action potential may be caused by a net decrease of inward ionic currents (Na+ or Ca2+), a net increase in outward currents (K+) or a combination of both. The change ...
The distribution of the cardiac veins in the New Zealand White
... Coloured latex injection and corrosion cast methods were applied on the materials. This study was carried out to disclose the distribution of the cardiac veins of the New Zealand White rabbits. The veins that drain the heart were found to be the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the right ...
... Coloured latex injection and corrosion cast methods were applied on the materials. This study was carried out to disclose the distribution of the cardiac veins of the New Zealand White rabbits. The veins that drain the heart were found to be the great cardiac vein, the middle cardiac vein, the right ...
Personalized management of atrial fibrillation
... Decide on need for anticoagulation Assess contraindications Choose agent (patient preferences, treatment plan, kidney function, etc.) ...
... Decide on need for anticoagulation Assess contraindications Choose agent (patient preferences, treatment plan, kidney function, etc.) ...
Extension of a finite element model of left ventricular mechanics with
... The heart is an organ that exists of four chambers: two ventricles and two atria. The right ventricle (RV) pumps the blood into pulmonary circulation, while the left ventricle (LV) pumps the blood into the systemic circulation. The global function of the heart finds its origin in the co-operative ac ...
... The heart is an organ that exists of four chambers: two ventricles and two atria. The right ventricle (RV) pumps the blood into pulmonary circulation, while the left ventricle (LV) pumps the blood into the systemic circulation. The global function of the heart finds its origin in the co-operative ac ...
Potent and Reversible Effects of ATI
... rate of atrial pacing (ACL ⫽ 300 ms) was used to further evaluate the frequency dependence of the AV nodal effects of the drugs. In these experiments, atrial MAP recordings were precluded because the atria had to be almost completely excised to facilitate pacing at the slower rate. ...
... rate of atrial pacing (ACL ⫽ 300 ms) was used to further evaluate the frequency dependence of the AV nodal effects of the drugs. In these experiments, atrial MAP recordings were precluded because the atria had to be almost completely excised to facilitate pacing at the slower rate. ...
Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.