100 Years of the Radon Transform
... Attenuation correction in PET is usually based on information obtained from transmission tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When such a direct measurement of the attenuation coefficient of the tissues is unreliable due for instance to patient motion or to the difficulty to identify ...
... Attenuation correction in PET is usually based on information obtained from transmission tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). When such a direct measurement of the attenuation coefficient of the tissues is unreliable due for instance to patient motion or to the difficulty to identify ...
recent advances - University of St Andrews
... fluorescence efficiency is higher than in the solid state, and a simple resonator structure can be used. The results obtained were an important proof of principle. A solid-state polymer laser, though, would be attractive because it could be more compact and robust, and would be better suited for ele ...
... fluorescence efficiency is higher than in the solid state, and a simple resonator structure can be used. The results obtained were an important proof of principle. A solid-state polymer laser, though, would be attractive because it could be more compact and robust, and would be better suited for ele ...
High frequency characterization of the Gsanger LM0202P eletro-optic [i.e. electro-optic] modulator
... crystal will manifest this anisotropy. ...
... crystal will manifest this anisotropy. ...
Fundamental limit of nanophotonic light trapping in solar cells
... To illustrate this effect, we assume that the film has a high refractive index (for example, silicon), such that the wavelength in the material is small compared with the periodicity. We also assume that the film has a thickness of a few wavelengths. In this case, all modes have approximately the sa ...
... To illustrate this effect, we assume that the film has a high refractive index (for example, silicon), such that the wavelength in the material is small compared with the periodicity. We also assume that the film has a thickness of a few wavelengths. In this case, all modes have approximately the sa ...
A Quantum Gas Microscope for Fermionic Atoms
... ions in a crystal, the optical lattice potential depth can be tuned by changing the light intensity of the laser beam. With this tool, researchers were able to experimentally observe the quantum phase transition from the superfluid to the Mott-insulating phase [14]. After successfully exploring the b ...
... ions in a crystal, the optical lattice potential depth can be tuned by changing the light intensity of the laser beam. With this tool, researchers were able to experimentally observe the quantum phase transition from the superfluid to the Mott-insulating phase [14]. After successfully exploring the b ...
(a) n r from the center is an example of a
... diameter. They are usually fabricated using an ionic diffusion process in which a homogeneous glass is immersed in a molten salt bath for many hours. The focal length is determined by the index change Δn < ~0.10. The profile is usually expressed as n(r) = nmax(1 – ar2/2) Rays striking the surface in ...
... diameter. They are usually fabricated using an ionic diffusion process in which a homogeneous glass is immersed in a molten salt bath for many hours. The focal length is determined by the index change Δn < ~0.10. The profile is usually expressed as n(r) = nmax(1 – ar2/2) Rays striking the surface in ...
Low threshold current and widely tunable external cavity lasers with
... broadening of optical gain under current injection,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(4), 043523 (2005). 19. T. W. Berg, S. Bischoff, I. Magnusdottir, and J. Mørk, “Ultrafast gain recovery and modulation limitations in ...
... broadening of optical gain under current injection,” J. Appl. Phys. 97(4), 043523 (2005). 19. T. W. Berg, S. Bischoff, I. Magnusdottir, and J. Mørk, “Ultrafast gain recovery and modulation limitations in ...
Technical Digest Post-Deadline Papers
... difficulties for the optical system because the conventional optical pickup for the single/dual layer disc can be used without needing any changes to its basic optical structure to be applicable for the medium. Until recently, BD read-onlymemory discs of 100 and 200 GB with 4 and 8 layers, respectiv ...
... difficulties for the optical system because the conventional optical pickup for the single/dual layer disc can be used without needing any changes to its basic optical structure to be applicable for the medium. Until recently, BD read-onlymemory discs of 100 and 200 GB with 4 and 8 layers, respectiv ...
MSc thesis
... atomchip surface, near the sources of these potentials, enables tight traps with low power consumption, and may enable a new tool for fundamental studies as well as numerous applications such as clocks, sensors and quantum information processing. Indeed, interferometry with both external and interna ...
... atomchip surface, near the sources of these potentials, enables tight traps with low power consumption, and may enable a new tool for fundamental studies as well as numerous applications such as clocks, sensors and quantum information processing. Indeed, interferometry with both external and interna ...
... Gram-negative organisms including Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, and some strains of Pseudomonas. Propamidine isethionate is similar but less soluble in water, 1 in 5, and is commercially available as a 0-1% solution (Brolene eye drops). It shows a reduced spectrum of activity, being active aga ...
LIGO-T0900043-11 - DCC - LIGO Document Control Center Portal
... to 25 W input power, the mode matching into the PRC is above about 98% and only drops at 40W to below 95%. A similar behavior is expected for the signal recycling cavity. ...
... to 25 W input power, the mode matching into the PRC is above about 98% and only drops at 40W to below 95%. A similar behavior is expected for the signal recycling cavity. ...
Diffusing-wave spectroscopy: dynamic light scattering in the
... scale over which this randomization occurs is the transport mean free path, l *, defined by e * = no f. Thus, for no > 1, the diffusion equation is valid only over length scales longer than f* and Dl cf*/3. In practice, this means that the theory for DWS based solely on the diffusion approximat ...
... scale over which this randomization occurs is the transport mean free path, l *, defined by e * = no f. Thus, for no > 1, the diffusion equation is valid only over length scales longer than f* and Dl cf*/3. In practice, this means that the theory for DWS based solely on the diffusion approximat ...
Part I, Chapter 9
... applications. This is the case for civil aviation, where the upper limit may be 10 km. This range may be further reduced when applied to the measurement of runway visual range representing landing a nd take-off conditions in reduced visibility. Runway visual range is required only between 50 and 1 ...
... applications. This is the case for civil aviation, where the upper limit may be 10 km. This range may be further reduced when applied to the measurement of runway visual range representing landing a nd take-off conditions in reduced visibility. Runway visual range is required only between 50 and 1 ...
h and j aggregates - DST Unit of Nanoscience
... Fluorescence microscopy is the technique which has been widely used to study the dynamic processes and since J aggregates have high florescence quantum yield and hence there structure can be studied using Fluorescence microscopy. But this is not the case with H aggrega ...
... Fluorescence microscopy is the technique which has been widely used to study the dynamic processes and since J aggregates have high florescence quantum yield and hence there structure can be studied using Fluorescence microscopy. But this is not the case with H aggrega ...
Free-space optical communications have distinct advantages over
... and then the modulated carrier is transmitted to the destination. The objective of the receiver is to demodulate the received wave and recover the correct information. In optical communication systems the carrier is selected from the optical region, in contrast to radio(RF) and microwave systems[GAG ...
... and then the modulated carrier is transmitted to the destination. The objective of the receiver is to demodulate the received wave and recover the correct information. In optical communication systems the carrier is selected from the optical region, in contrast to radio(RF) and microwave systems[GAG ...
Achromatic correction of diffractive dispersion in white light SLM
... becomes apparent when the spectral component with the wavelength λ is phase modulated and monitored during free-space propagation. Its complex amplitude at the position r′ can be formally written as ψ (r′ , λ ) ∝ FrTλ {exp[iΦ(r⊥ , λ0 )]}, where FrTλ denotes the Fresnel transform, whose kernel depend ...
... becomes apparent when the spectral component with the wavelength λ is phase modulated and monitored during free-space propagation. Its complex amplitude at the position r′ can be formally written as ψ (r′ , λ ) ∝ FrTλ {exp[iΦ(r⊥ , λ0 )]}, where FrTλ denotes the Fresnel transform, whose kernel depend ...
THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF LASER TECHNOLOGY, USES AND
... The laser is usually named according to the type of lasing medium. This also determines the type of pump required and the wavelength of the laser light which is produced. Principle of operation at atomic level (Figures 2 and 3) One model in atomic physics describes an atom as a central nucleus of pr ...
... The laser is usually named according to the type of lasing medium. This also determines the type of pump required and the wavelength of the laser light which is produced. Principle of operation at atomic level (Figures 2 and 3) One model in atomic physics describes an atom as a central nucleus of pr ...
The Optical and Physical Advisor: Peter Collings
... by F. Reinitzer in 1888 (Collings and Hird, 1997). Since then, a plethora of substances have been documented as displaying some sort of ordered, flowing state, with properties between those of a liquid and a solid. Such materials have been extensively used in display manufacturing, non-linear optics ...
... by F. Reinitzer in 1888 (Collings and Hird, 1997). Since then, a plethora of substances have been documented as displaying some sort of ordered, flowing state, with properties between those of a liquid and a solid. Such materials have been extensively used in display manufacturing, non-linear optics ...
An Optical Fiber Lateral Displacement Measurement Method and
... tool for topographical measurement with nano- and sub-nanometer resolution [5], but usually the single scanning distance is of the order of 150 ˆ 150 µm, and the scanning speed is also a limitation. Eddy current sensors have a large range with linearity error of less than ˘3% [6,7], but they are not ...
... tool for topographical measurement with nano- and sub-nanometer resolution [5], but usually the single scanning distance is of the order of 150 ˆ 150 µm, and the scanning speed is also a limitation. Eddy current sensors have a large range with linearity error of less than ˘3% [6,7], but they are not ...
Phase-matching and nonlinear optical processes - jalali
... crystal structure, and the lack of efficient optical transitions due to the indirect band structure, have contributed to the premature perception of silicon being useful only as an optically passive material. Recently, we have proposed and demonstrated the use of Raman effect to achieve active optic ...
... crystal structure, and the lack of efficient optical transitions due to the indirect band structure, have contributed to the premature perception of silicon being useful only as an optically passive material. Recently, we have proposed and demonstrated the use of Raman effect to achieve active optic ...
Light & Matter: Absorption and Scattering
... • Inhomogeneity causes scattering; cloud, raindrop, etc. • Elastic (Rayleigh, Mie) or inelastic (Raman, Ramen) ...
... • Inhomogeneity causes scattering; cloud, raindrop, etc. • Elastic (Rayleigh, Mie) or inelastic (Raman, Ramen) ...
Part I : Theory of two
... For sufficiently high light intensities, the electron concentration in CB becomes large enough that an appreciable number of electrons recombines with C- and generates C2-. Then C- act as additional traps for C2- ...
... For sufficiently high light intensities, the electron concentration in CB becomes large enough that an appreciable number of electrons recombines with C- and generates C2-. Then C- act as additional traps for C2- ...
View PDF - CiteSeerX
... could be related to an increase in corneal surface irregularities and therefore to increased amounts of high-order aberrations. Guirao et al.23 have shown that corneal aberrations measured by videokeratography increase with age, but not to a degree sufficient to account for the losses in MTF. It has ...
... could be related to an increase in corneal surface irregularities and therefore to increased amounts of high-order aberrations. Guirao et al.23 have shown that corneal aberrations measured by videokeratography increase with age, but not to a degree sufficient to account for the losses in MTF. It has ...
NONLINEAR OPTICS BASICS Units and Nomenclature
... When the optical output can be distinguished as individual pulses, additional metrics are used. A pulse, by definition, exists during a window of time, i.e., there is a time when light is present and a time when light is absent. How one characterizes the time light is present – the pulse duration – ...
... When the optical output can be distinguished as individual pulses, additional metrics are used. A pulse, by definition, exists during a window of time, i.e., there is a time when light is present and a time when light is absent. How one characterizes the time light is present – the pulse duration – ...
IC7010 (E)
... Engine optical access, Design of optical engine, Thermal properties of materials used for optical engine, processing of materials – Optical techniques. To impart knowledge On optical engine, its design procedure, thermal properties and optical access in combustion chamber ...
... Engine optical access, Design of optical engine, Thermal properties of materials used for optical engine, processing of materials – Optical techniques. To impart knowledge On optical engine, its design procedure, thermal properties and optical access in combustion chamber ...
Optical coherence tomography
Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an established medical imaging technique that uses light to capture micrometer-resolution, three-dimensional images from within optical scattering media (e.g., biological tissue). Optical coherence tomography is based on low-coherence interferometry, typically employing near-infrared light. The use of relatively long wavelength light allows it to penetrate into the scattering medium. Confocal microscopy, another optical technique, typically penetrates less deeply into the sample but with higher resolution.Depending on the properties of the light source (superluminescent diodes, ultrashort pulsed lasers, and supercontinuum lasers have been employed), optical coherence tomography has achieved sub- micrometer resolution (with very wide-spectrum sources emitting over a ~100 nm wavelength range).Optical coherence tomography is one of a class of optical tomographic techniques. A relatively recent implementation of optical coherence tomography, frequency-domain optical coherence tomography, provides advantages in signal-to-noise ratio, permitting faster signal acquisition. Commercially available optical coherence tomography systems are employed in diverse applications, including art conservation and diagnostic medicine, notably in ophthalmology and optometry where it can be used to obtain detailed images from within the retina. Recently it has also begun to be used in interventional cardiology to help diagnose coronary artery disease. It has also shown promise in dermatology to improve the diagnostic process.