Chapter 12. Wave Optics Optics can be divided into two categories: I
... A coherent source emits a single continuous frequency (and single wavelength, since the two are related by an equation.) An incoherent source emits many frequencies (or one frequency that is broken into waves with unrelated phases) A good example is sound waves from loudspeakers: ...
... A coherent source emits a single continuous frequency (and single wavelength, since the two are related by an equation.) An incoherent source emits many frequencies (or one frequency that is broken into waves with unrelated phases) A good example is sound waves from loudspeakers: ...
J. Spigulis. Side-emitting optical fibers brighten our world in new
... illuminated logo pictured on p. 39 from the annual Photonics West symposium in San Jose, Calif. In this case, copper vapor laser input was used. Silica-core glowing fibers have also been used to create scenic effects for musical or theatrical performances, such as those seen above and to the right, wh ...
... illuminated logo pictured on p. 39 from the annual Photonics West symposium in San Jose, Calif. In this case, copper vapor laser input was used. Silica-core glowing fibers have also been used to create scenic effects for musical or theatrical performances, such as those seen above and to the right, wh ...
Sum frequency generation spectroscopy (SFG)
... The non-resonating contribution is assumed to be from electronic responses. Although this contribution has often been considered to be constant over the spectrum, because it is generated simultaneously with the resonant response, the two responses must compete for intensity. This competition shapes ...
... The non-resonating contribution is assumed to be from electronic responses. Although this contribution has often been considered to be constant over the spectrum, because it is generated simultaneously with the resonant response, the two responses must compete for intensity. This competition shapes ...
In the diagram below, the optical train of a set of binoculars is found
... axis that is centered between the mirrors at a small, arbitrary angle with respect to the axis so that it strikes one of the mirrors to the right or the left. (i) Carefully draw on the diagram the path subsequently followed by your chosen ray in the region between the mirrors, including additional r ...
... axis that is centered between the mirrors at a small, arbitrary angle with respect to the axis so that it strikes one of the mirrors to the right or the left. (i) Carefully draw on the diagram the path subsequently followed by your chosen ray in the region between the mirrors, including additional r ...
EXTERNAL MODULATION
... The waveguides are formed from titanium which is diffused onto a layer of lithium niobate, which forms the substrate. Lithium niobate is a material that has a strong electro-optic effect – if we apply a voltage to it, then its refractive index changes. We can show that this is equivalent to introduc ...
... The waveguides are formed from titanium which is diffused onto a layer of lithium niobate, which forms the substrate. Lithium niobate is a material that has a strong electro-optic effect – if we apply a voltage to it, then its refractive index changes. We can show that this is equivalent to introduc ...
Instruction Manual PH511: Physics Laboratory-III DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS
... cause further ionization by virtue of the acceleration due to the intense electric field. These secondary ions may produce other ions and these in turn still other ions before reaching the electrodes. This cascading effect produces an avalanche of ions. In an avalanche created by a single original e ...
... cause further ionization by virtue of the acceleration due to the intense electric field. These secondary ions may produce other ions and these in turn still other ions before reaching the electrodes. This cascading effect produces an avalanche of ions. In an avalanche created by a single original e ...
Homework Set #2 Due: 1-25-12 Review problem / tutorial on gratings.
... of some property of the substrate. The modulated quantity can be the absorption, reflectivity, transmission, thickness, or index of refraction. Although somewhat less common, a substrate with spherical curvature is sometimes used so the grating can form images. The first grating that students usuall ...
... of some property of the substrate. The modulated quantity can be the absorption, reflectivity, transmission, thickness, or index of refraction. Although somewhat less common, a substrate with spherical curvature is sometimes used so the grating can form images. The first grating that students usuall ...
CHAPTER 15. LASER AND FIBER OPTICS The laser is essentially
... Resonator is an optical “feedback device” that directs photons back and forth through the laser (amplifying) medium. In its basic form, it consists of a pair of carefully aligned plane or curved mirrors centered along the optical axis of the laser system. One of the mirrors is chosen with a reflecti ...
... Resonator is an optical “feedback device” that directs photons back and forth through the laser (amplifying) medium. In its basic form, it consists of a pair of carefully aligned plane or curved mirrors centered along the optical axis of the laser system. One of the mirrors is chosen with a reflecti ...
P1X
... • First constructed in 1961. • Mixture of He and Ne (~10-3 atm) sealed in a glass enclosure with two electrodes to create ionisation by continuous gas discharge. • Laser action not from ground level so the population in the lower state is small. It is easy to obtain N2>N1 so it can operate continuou ...
... • First constructed in 1961. • Mixture of He and Ne (~10-3 atm) sealed in a glass enclosure with two electrodes to create ionisation by continuous gas discharge. • Laser action not from ground level so the population in the lower state is small. It is easy to obtain N2>N1 so it can operate continuou ...
Background: Polarimetry is the measurement and interpretation of
... b) Racemic mixture is not found in biological system (for example, when alanine is isolated from biological sample only one of the two isomers is present, but when alanine is synthesized in lab, a mixture of two isomers is produced) this property is used to detect the presence of life on other plane ...
... b) Racemic mixture is not found in biological system (for example, when alanine is isolated from biological sample only one of the two isomers is present, but when alanine is synthesized in lab, a mixture of two isomers is produced) this property is used to detect the presence of life on other plane ...
PRACTICAL 10: Wavelength of Laser Light
... You have a 2.2 m aluminium track to be used as an optical bench, a viewing screen mounted vertically, and a PASCO Basic Optics OS-8453 “Multiple Slits” set of diffraction slits. This is a wheel with a reflective, opaque sheet of aluminium with transparent holes scratched in it of well-known width an ...
... You have a 2.2 m aluminium track to be used as an optical bench, a viewing screen mounted vertically, and a PASCO Basic Optics OS-8453 “Multiple Slits” set of diffraction slits. This is a wheel with a reflective, opaque sheet of aluminium with transparent holes scratched in it of well-known width an ...
PHYS 242 BLOCK 11 NOTES Sections 33.1 to 33.7 Geometrical
... bends toward the normal when it slows down (when υ decreases, n increases so θ decreases, Fig. 33.8a) and light bends away from the normal when it speeds up (when υ increases, n decreases so θ increases, Fig. 33.8b). (The right-angle symbols in Fig. 33.8c do not mean θa and θb are 90˚—rather, the in ...
... bends toward the normal when it slows down (when υ decreases, n increases so θ decreases, Fig. 33.8a) and light bends away from the normal when it speeds up (when υ increases, n decreases so θ increases, Fig. 33.8b). (The right-angle symbols in Fig. 33.8c do not mean θa and θb are 90˚—rather, the in ...
Interferometry
Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves, usually electromagnetic, are superimposed in order to extract information about the waves. Interferometry is an important investigative technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its applications to chemistry), quantum mechanics, nuclear and particle physics, plasma physics, remote sensing, biomolecular interactions, surface profiling, microfluidics, mechanical stress/strain measurement, and velocimetry.Interferometers are widely used in science and industry for the measurement of small displacements, refractive index changes and surface irregularities. In analytical science, interferometers are used in continuous wave Fourier transform spectroscopy to analyze light containing features of absorption or emission associated with a substance or mixture. An astronomical interferometer consists of two or more separate telescopes that combine their signals, offering a resolution equivalent to that of a telescope of diameter equal to the largest separation between its individual elements.