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Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light
Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light

... Laser Introduction The acronym LASER, which stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. Of central importance are the fundamental processes that allow amplification at optical frequencies to be obtained. These processes use the energy that is involved when the discrete partic ...
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... apart. Center the slits in the middle of the card. An Exact-o knife works best for cutting because it creates the smoothest slits. It is important to avoid ragged or uneven edges. Cut the bottom and top from the soda bottle, leaving a round, smooth center section at least 5 cm long. Make sure that t ...
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... from UV Raman to photoluminescence to be accessible at the one time. This is due to the TriVista’s unique feature that all three stages can be operated independently. Each experiment can be accessed by a simple mouse-click through an intuitive software interface which also incorporates a powerful Ea ...
Part 3 - MZA Associates Corporation
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... account any intervening optics, and also any physical effects entering in along the path. If the optical path is in vacuum or still air, the image of the receiver as seen from the source will be generally be very sharp. If the path goes through an aberrating medium, the image will be blurred, and ma ...
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... The current optical design for the IR channel of WFC3 has a focal plane tilted by 24 degrees to the chief ray due to the off-axis correcting optics. A similar design is used in, e.g., ACS but its effect is potentially amplified in WFC3 because of the bigger angle (it is only 11 degrees in ACS) and t ...
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... fluorescent compound to be raised to a higher energy level. The excited electron quickly decays to its ground state, emitting the excess energy as a photon of light. This transition of energy is called fluorescence. The range over which a fluorescent compound can be excited is termed its absorption ...


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... called "against" motion. Lenses in the phoropter are changed until the motion speeds up and finally reverses direction. Neutrality is reached with the lens that produces the transition in direction. The retinoscope can be analysed by considering it as two optical systems; the illumination system whi ...
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... BGs are widely used in WDM BGs: any periodic perturbation in the propagating medium. (periodic variation of n) (Fiber BGs are written by UV) BGs can also be formed by acoustic waves. ...
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... the work done by Birch et al. [14,16], where they combined two neighboring pixels of an amplitude-only SLM to achieve full independent phase and amplitude modulation. By using four pixels instead of two, our technique no longer depends on a special modulation curve. There are only two requirements o ...
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... experienced by an optical beam undergoing such reflection, known as the Goos-Hänchen shift (Fig. 5).[4] This phenomenon can be understood by analyzing the spatial distribution of the incident field amplitude in the interface plane, Ei ( x) and its Fourier transform over x, given by E (k x ), such th ...
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... from a xenon arc lamp (Oriel 6263) provided bright illumination through a multi-mode fiber (1.0 mm diameter, Oriel 77519). In the reference arm of the interferometer, a neutral density (ND) filter was used to adjust the intensity of reference light. A glass plate was used in the sample arm for dispe ...
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Magnetic circular dichroism

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) is the differential absorption of left and right circularly polarized (LCP and RCP) light, induced in a sample by a strong magnetic field oriented parallel to the direction of light propagation. MCD measurements can detect transitions which are too weak to be seen in conventional optical absorption spectra; they can also probe paramagnetic properties and the symmetry of the electronic levels of the studied systems, such as metal ion sites.
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