Chemistry of the Oceans
... open ocean (30 to 40°S, -2 to 38°C and up to 1000 bars)]. Chen, C.T.A. (1994). Marine Chemistry, Mao-Chang Pub. Ltd., Taipei, 551 pp (in Chinese). [This is a textbook on many aspects of marine chemistry, including marine pollution]. Gollberg, E.D. (1974). The Sea, V.5: Marine Chemistry. John Wiley a ...
... open ocean (30 to 40°S, -2 to 38°C and up to 1000 bars)]. Chen, C.T.A. (1994). Marine Chemistry, Mao-Chang Pub. Ltd., Taipei, 551 pp (in Chinese). [This is a textbook on many aspects of marine chemistry, including marine pollution]. Gollberg, E.D. (1974). The Sea, V.5: Marine Chemistry. John Wiley a ...
Model-based evidence of deep-ocean heat uptake during
... and +34%, respectively), similar to the Indian Ocean (+66% and +41%, respectively). Thus, in the Atlantic and Southern oceans, there is significantly more heat mixed into the deep ocean layer below 750 m, whereas in the Pacific and Indian oceans there is significantly more heat being deposited in bo ...
... and +34%, respectively), similar to the Indian Ocean (+66% and +41%, respectively). Thus, in the Atlantic and Southern oceans, there is significantly more heat mixed into the deep ocean layer below 750 m, whereas in the Pacific and Indian oceans there is significantly more heat being deposited in bo ...
Melting of Polar Icecaps: Impact on Marine Biodiversity
... theory. Furthermore benthic communities were discovered in the Ross Sea at a distance of 22 km inside the shelf-ice edge. Another possibility, termed diachrony, is that ice advanced over the shelf in different parts of Antarctica at slightly different times. In such a scenario, all of the continenta ...
... theory. Furthermore benthic communities were discovered in the Ross Sea at a distance of 22 km inside the shelf-ice edge. Another possibility, termed diachrony, is that ice advanced over the shelf in different parts of Antarctica at slightly different times. In such a scenario, all of the continenta ...
OL OOP Section 01 - CCMI - Central Caribbean Marine Institute
... Thus, the Coral Sea is considered part of the Pacific Ocean while the Caribbean Sea is considered part of the Atlantic Ocean. The term "sea" is often given to a saltwater area on the margins of an ocean (e.g. the Mediterranean Sea is beside the Atlantic). A sea is also often enclosed or partially en ...
... Thus, the Coral Sea is considered part of the Pacific Ocean while the Caribbean Sea is considered part of the Atlantic Ocean. The term "sea" is often given to a saltwater area on the margins of an ocean (e.g. the Mediterranean Sea is beside the Atlantic). A sea is also often enclosed or partially en ...
Can natural variability explain observed Antarctic sea ice trends
... [Arzel et al., 2006; Maksym et al., 2012; Zunz et al., 2012; Turner et al., 2013]. Of the latter, the impact of increasing greenhouse gases has long been established; see, for instance, Figure 10.13 of Meehl et al. [2007]. In contrast, the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion—the other major anth ...
... [Arzel et al., 2006; Maksym et al., 2012; Zunz et al., 2012; Turner et al., 2013]. Of the latter, the impact of increasing greenhouse gases has long been established; see, for instance, Figure 10.13 of Meehl et al. [2007]. In contrast, the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion—the other major anth ...
On November 29 - the National Sea Grant Library
... and brittle compared to the other layers. It ranges in thickness from only about 3 kilometers (2 mi) in some areas of the ocean floor to some 120 kilometers (75 mi) deep under mountains on the continents. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the Earth’s crust is made up of about a dozen plate ...
... and brittle compared to the other layers. It ranges in thickness from only about 3 kilometers (2 mi) in some areas of the ocean floor to some 120 kilometers (75 mi) deep under mountains on the continents. According to the theory of plate tectonics, the Earth’s crust is made up of about a dozen plate ...
Woods Hole oceanograpHic institution
... and questions from rivers to the continential shelf break. The Deep Ocean Exploration Institute studies processes that shape the planet’s surface, regulate the chemistry of its oceans, and impact its inhabitants. The Ocean and Climate Change Institute pursues greater understanding of the ocean’s rol ...
... and questions from rivers to the continential shelf break. The Deep Ocean Exploration Institute studies processes that shape the planet’s surface, regulate the chemistry of its oceans, and impact its inhabitants. The Ocean and Climate Change Institute pursues greater understanding of the ocean’s rol ...
Pomeroy, L. R., 1974. The ocean`s food web, a changing paradigm
... in the sea, from bacteria to whales, is about the same. There are problems to be resolved in discriminating living from dead particles counted. Some verification of the findings of Sheldon et al. by an independent method is needed. One such independent verification within the size range of net plank ...
... in the sea, from bacteria to whales, is about the same. There are problems to be resolved in discriminating living from dead particles counted. Some verification of the findings of Sheldon et al. by an independent method is needed. One such independent verification within the size range of net plank ...
Wealth from the Oceans: Use, Stewardship, and Security
... Although 100,000 wind turbines is surely unattainable, this order of magnitude warns how the cables to convey the electricity to shore would lace the seafloor, and the towers would transform and bristle in the seascape. As just hinted, after hubs gather energy from windmills, cables must carry it to ...
... Although 100,000 wind turbines is surely unattainable, this order of magnitude warns how the cables to convey the electricity to shore would lace the seafloor, and the towers would transform and bristle in the seascape. As just hinted, after hubs gather energy from windmills, cables must carry it to ...
1. Ocean planet
... of precipitation could slow the Gulf Stream down, which would in turn disrupt the entire “great ocean conveyor belt” (article at www.educapoles.org). The Antarctic (Southern) Ocean: an ocean surrounding a frozen continent Unlike its smaller brother to the north, the Southern Ocean is not surrounded ...
... of precipitation could slow the Gulf Stream down, which would in turn disrupt the entire “great ocean conveyor belt” (article at www.educapoles.org). The Antarctic (Southern) Ocean: an ocean surrounding a frozen continent Unlike its smaller brother to the north, the Southern Ocean is not surrounded ...
Thoughts on the evolution of modern oceans
... approximately the same time (Lisitsin, 1980; Timofeev and Eremeev, 1987). These authors would agree that the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans originated during the middle Meso zoic, and that the Arctic Ocean probably began somewhat later, that is, in the late Mesozoic or possibly as late as the ...
... approximately the same time (Lisitsin, 1980; Timofeev and Eremeev, 1987). These authors would agree that the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans originated during the middle Meso zoic, and that the Arctic Ocean probably began somewhat later, that is, in the late Mesozoic or possibly as late as the ...
SPACE-BASED OBSERVATIONS IN THE GLOBAL OCEAN
... Pre-operational and operational SAR missions have been developed or are planned by ESA (ERS-1, ERS-2 and ENVISAT), NASDA (J-ERS-1 and ALOS) and the Canadian Space Agency (RADARSAT-1 and RADARSAT-2), securing continuity of observations well into the next decade. Like optical high-resolution imagery m ...
... Pre-operational and operational SAR missions have been developed or are planned by ESA (ERS-1, ERS-2 and ENVISAT), NASDA (J-ERS-1 and ALOS) and the Canadian Space Agency (RADARSAT-1 and RADARSAT-2), securing continuity of observations well into the next decade. Like optical high-resolution imagery m ...
Lesson I: Energy and Color
... where nutrient levels are high, and shows where pollutants poison the ocean and prevent plant growth. Other conditions can also affect phytoplankton growth, such as subtle changes in the climate due to seasons and variations in salinity in coastal areas. Since phytoplankton depend upon specific cond ...
... where nutrient levels are high, and shows where pollutants poison the ocean and prevent plant growth. Other conditions can also affect phytoplankton growth, such as subtle changes in the climate due to seasons and variations in salinity in coastal areas. Since phytoplankton depend upon specific cond ...
printer-friendly version
... As previously discussed, the winds have an affect on ocean currents. Frictional drag between surface ocean water and the winds in the six major convection cells around the Earth create currents. Water accumulates (piles up) in the direction the wind is blowing, while gravity works to counteract this ...
... As previously discussed, the winds have an affect on ocean currents. Frictional drag between surface ocean water and the winds in the six major convection cells around the Earth create currents. Water accumulates (piles up) in the direction the wind is blowing, while gravity works to counteract this ...
Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal for the Oceans
... this, ocean health continues to decline, with recent research showing that no part of the global ocean is without human influence. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the management of human activities affecting the oceans is pursued through a fragmented institutional ...
... this, ocean health continues to decline, with recent research showing that no part of the global ocean is without human influence. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the management of human activities affecting the oceans is pursued through a fragmented institutional ...
Chapter 13 Section 3 Life in the Ocean
... Characteristics of Ocean Water, continued • Salinity is a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a given amount of liquid. • Changes in Salinity Climate and water movement affect salinity. Costal water in cool, humid places has a low salinity. Slow-moving bodies of water have higher salinity t ...
... Characteristics of Ocean Water, continued • Salinity is a measure of the amount of dissolved solids in a given amount of liquid. • Changes in Salinity Climate and water movement affect salinity. Costal water in cool, humid places has a low salinity. Slow-moving bodies of water have higher salinity t ...
Radiative Transfer in Atmosphere-Sea Ice
... profiles of temperature, pressure, and gas concentrations in the atmosphere ER and LWC of clouds, cloud height, and thickness surface temperature and snow conditions profiles of temperature, salinity, and density in the ice; or profiles of volume fractions of gas and brine inclusions in the ice vert ...
... profiles of temperature, pressure, and gas concentrations in the atmosphere ER and LWC of clouds, cloud height, and thickness surface temperature and snow conditions profiles of temperature, salinity, and density in the ice; or profiles of volume fractions of gas and brine inclusions in the ice vert ...
Lesson 2 - Baptist Hill Middle/High School
... people to undertake regular, longdistance voyages. They built elaborate canoes (like the replicas at left) to carry supplies and developed a navigational system based on the position of the stars. Photo: NOAA ...
... people to undertake regular, longdistance voyages. They built elaborate canoes (like the replicas at left) to carry supplies and developed a navigational system based on the position of the stars. Photo: NOAA ...
CCAMLR - Antarctic and Southern Ocean Coalition
... ice, foraging in krill-rich waters. Many marine habitats, in deep water or under ice, have yet to be studied, but almost every Antarctic research expedition discovers new species that were previously unknown to science. Many of these Southern Ocean species are found nowhere else on Earth. The Antarc ...
... ice, foraging in krill-rich waters. Many marine habitats, in deep water or under ice, have yet to be studied, but almost every Antarctic research expedition discovers new species that were previously unknown to science. Many of these Southern Ocean species are found nowhere else on Earth. The Antarc ...
Ocean Fertilization
... The investigation of ocean fertilization indicates that the level of scientific understanding is insufficient to recommend its potential use for carbon sequestration. Based on this observation, I recommend further focused research in that field. This research should be conducted at a sufficiently la ...
... The investigation of ocean fertilization indicates that the level of scientific understanding is insufficient to recommend its potential use for carbon sequestration. Based on this observation, I recommend further focused research in that field. This research should be conducted at a sufficiently la ...
Exploitation of sea-based resources and acidification
... Exploitation of the deep sea when in search of renewable resources has been an increasing concern over the past 15 years. Raw material resources are acquired through a relatively new process called deep sea mining, which occurs on the ocean floor. Deep sea mining takes place over 1400m below the oce ...
... Exploitation of the deep sea when in search of renewable resources has been an increasing concern over the past 15 years. Raw material resources are acquired through a relatively new process called deep sea mining, which occurs on the ocean floor. Deep sea mining takes place over 1400m below the oce ...
DELU-E-00-002 - the National Sea Grant Library
... moving apart. As the plates part, the seafloor cracks. Cold seawater seeps down into these cracks, becomes super-heated by magma, and then bursts back out into the ocean, forming hydrothermal vents. As the plates move farther apart, magma from the Earth’s interior percolates up to fill the gap, some ...
... moving apart. As the plates part, the seafloor cracks. Cold seawater seeps down into these cracks, becomes super-heated by magma, and then bursts back out into the ocean, forming hydrothermal vents. As the plates move farther apart, magma from the Earth’s interior percolates up to fill the gap, some ...
Southern Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans instead. This remains the current official policy of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally-fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.