Ocean Exploration - Division on Earth and Life Studies
... ranging”—first used in World War I. Multibeam sonar, developed by the U.S. Navy in the 1960s, uses an array of beams at varying angles, enabling much larger swaths of ocean floor to be mapped with much greater precision. A project in Tampa Bay generated continuous maps of that area from land out thr ...
... ranging”—first used in World War I. Multibeam sonar, developed by the U.S. Navy in the 1960s, uses an array of beams at varying angles, enabling much larger swaths of ocean floor to be mapped with much greater precision. A project in Tampa Bay generated continuous maps of that area from land out thr ...
background information on hydrothermal vents
... Description and Morphology. The snail's foot is very unusual in that it is armored with iron-mineral scales. It is protected by scale-shaped sclerites composed of iron sulfides. No other animal is known to use iron sulfides in this way. The snail's shell is also unusual. The shell structure is compo ...
... Description and Morphology. The snail's foot is very unusual in that it is armored with iron-mineral scales. It is protected by scale-shaped sclerites composed of iron sulfides. No other animal is known to use iron sulfides in this way. The snail's shell is also unusual. The shell structure is compo ...
Ocean Circulation - Thermohaline Circulation
... ocean today is in the Atlantic Ocean, where the overturning is often likened to a giant conveyor belt. The upper part of the conveyor carries warm, upperocean water through the tropics and subtropics toward the north, while the deep part carries cold, dense polar water southward through the Atlantic ...
... ocean today is in the Atlantic Ocean, where the overturning is often likened to a giant conveyor belt. The upper part of the conveyor carries warm, upperocean water through the tropics and subtropics toward the north, while the deep part carries cold, dense polar water southward through the Atlantic ...
The tilt of mean sea level along the east coast of North America
... Applying the gap statistic to the ocean estimates showed there to be only one cluster. However, there is spatially structured variability within the cluster. From a principal component analysis based on the covariance matrix, we found the first spatial mode (Figure 2b). This mode accounts for 84% of ...
... Applying the gap statistic to the ocean estimates showed there to be only one cluster. However, there is spatially structured variability within the cluster. From a principal component analysis based on the covariance matrix, we found the first spatial mode (Figure 2b). This mode accounts for 84% of ...
Lozier 2010 - Sites@Duke
... peratures taken by the captain of a British the deep ocean exports these waters via a disslave-trade ship in 1751 was the cat- tributed upwelling to the surface. Furthermore, alyst for Count Rumford’s supposition, nearly he suggested that because such upwelling produces 50 years later, that ocean wa ...
... peratures taken by the captain of a British the deep ocean exports these waters via a disslave-trade ship in 1751 was the cat- tributed upwelling to the surface. Furthermore, alyst for Count Rumford’s supposition, nearly he suggested that because such upwelling produces 50 years later, that ocean wa ...
the ocean
... Since 1978 the salinity of seawater has been obtained by measuring the electrical conductivity. Due to its ionic composition, seawater is a relatively good conductor of electricity. The more ions (dissolved salts), the larger is the conductivity. This way of measuring the salinity is more accurate, ...
... Since 1978 the salinity of seawater has been obtained by measuring the electrical conductivity. Due to its ionic composition, seawater is a relatively good conductor of electricity. The more ions (dissolved salts), the larger is the conductivity. This way of measuring the salinity is more accurate, ...
1 Part 2. Oceanic Carbon and Nutrient Cycling Lecture Outline 1
... Venus slipper lacks a true shell; instead, it has an internal skeletal structure. Like all pteropods, it swims by means of the paired wings that can clearly be seen on either side of its body. ...
... Venus slipper lacks a true shell; instead, it has an internal skeletal structure. Like all pteropods, it swims by means of the paired wings that can clearly be seen on either side of its body. ...
Climate and Sediment - Consortium for Ocean Leadership
... is terrigenous—derived from pre-existing rock. This type of sediment is eroded from landmasses and transported to the margins usually by water (e.g., rivers, streams). Once it enters the ocean, this sediment is rapidly deposited. Ice-rafted debris is also terrigenous in origin, but its mode of trans ...
... is terrigenous—derived from pre-existing rock. This type of sediment is eroded from landmasses and transported to the margins usually by water (e.g., rivers, streams). Once it enters the ocean, this sediment is rapidly deposited. Ice-rafted debris is also terrigenous in origin, but its mode of trans ...
Hydrosphere Mapper Submission to NRC Decadal Review Panel
... In order to achieve centimetric accuracies over water, a few design changes to the SRTM design are required. The major contributor to height errors is the lack of knowledge of the knowledge of the interferometric baseline roll angle: an estimation error of δθ will result in a height error δh = xδθ, ...
... In order to achieve centimetric accuracies over water, a few design changes to the SRTM design are required. The major contributor to height errors is the lack of knowledge of the knowledge of the interferometric baseline roll angle: an estimation error of δθ will result in a height error δh = xδθ, ...
Lecture 4 - Physical Factors - Aquatic
... “Water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink.” – Coleridge Rime of the Ancient Mariner Mackenzie 2003 ...
... “Water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink.” – Coleridge Rime of the Ancient Mariner Mackenzie 2003 ...
073 Eastman 2005 Polar Biol
... size of the Southern Ocean. But the relatively low species diversity should not lead us to dismiss the fauna as uninteresting or unimportant in comparison to the speciose faunas of tropical lakes, rivers and coral reefs. Here, I will suggest that numbers of species are not all that counts and that, ...
... size of the Southern Ocean. But the relatively low species diversity should not lead us to dismiss the fauna as uninteresting or unimportant in comparison to the speciose faunas of tropical lakes, rivers and coral reefs. Here, I will suggest that numbers of species are not all that counts and that, ...
GEOMAR Highlights | 02
... Figure 4: Evolution of seawater Nd isotope composition as extracted from sediments of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites in the Pacific (red line), the Caribbean (green lines), and the Florida Strait (blue line). The Nd isotope composition is reported in epsilon units (parts per 10,000 deviation of ...
... Figure 4: Evolution of seawater Nd isotope composition as extracted from sediments of Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Sites in the Pacific (red line), the Caribbean (green lines), and the Florida Strait (blue line). The Nd isotope composition is reported in epsilon units (parts per 10,000 deviation of ...
A I O S
... oceans and coasts. These include agreements to protect the marine environment, conserve whales and other marine mammals, implement responsible fishing practices, preserve coral reefs, and enhance port security. The nation can continue to protect and advance its maritime interests by actively engagin ...
... oceans and coasts. These include agreements to protect the marine environment, conserve whales and other marine mammals, implement responsible fishing practices, preserve coral reefs, and enhance port security. The nation can continue to protect and advance its maritime interests by actively engagin ...
ORION and the Ocean Observatories Initiative - Lamont
... The MARS presentation has been prepared to target information and lessons learnt that could benefit the planning and development of the Barrow cabled facility. The MARS requirements will be outlined so that the differences in the MARS and Barrow requirements can be clearly identified. This will allo ...
... The MARS presentation has been prepared to target information and lessons learnt that could benefit the planning and development of the Barrow cabled facility. The MARS requirements will be outlined so that the differences in the MARS and Barrow requirements can be clearly identified. This will allo ...
October 28, 2002 Admiral James D. Watkins U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy
... garbage and sewage. Because of this focus on utilization over conservation, our oceans show unmistakable signs of abuse and neglect. Overfishing, coastal development, agriculture, aquaculture, mining, shipping, and oil and gas activities threaten ocean habitats and pollute and deplete the seas. Our ...
... garbage and sewage. Because of this focus on utilization over conservation, our oceans show unmistakable signs of abuse and neglect. Overfishing, coastal development, agriculture, aquaculture, mining, shipping, and oil and gas activities threaten ocean habitats and pollute and deplete the seas. Our ...
Canada`s Pacific Ocean Technology Cluster
... The Alignment – the Excitement With a 25-year foundation in an international marketplace, British Columbia’s ocean technology companies currently find themselves with an alignment of opportunities on which to build. These companies are central to a cluster of government, academic and other initiativ ...
... The Alignment – the Excitement With a 25-year foundation in an international marketplace, British Columbia’s ocean technology companies currently find themselves with an alignment of opportunities on which to build. These companies are central to a cluster of government, academic and other initiativ ...
Chapter 9. Conclusions on Major Ecosystem Services Other than
... have seen an expansion of scope in the decision-making process, incorporating the simultaneous consideration of several uses or industries at the same time and the livelihoods and other social aspects connected with this ensemble of activities. These approaches enable the consideration of tradeoffs ...
... have seen an expansion of scope in the decision-making process, incorporating the simultaneous consideration of several uses or industries at the same time and the livelihoods and other social aspects connected with this ensemble of activities. These approaches enable the consideration of tradeoffs ...
Gyre in a Bottle - Monterey Bay Aquarium
... rotation. There are five major ocean gyres found in the world’s oceans: the North Atlantic; South Atlantic; North Pacific; South Pacific and Indian Ocean gyres. Within gyres, waters are relatively constant, remaining stable for long periods instead of circulating around the globe. Gyres have always ...
... rotation. There are five major ocean gyres found in the world’s oceans: the North Atlantic; South Atlantic; North Pacific; South Pacific and Indian Ocean gyres. Within gyres, waters are relatively constant, remaining stable for long periods instead of circulating around the globe. Gyres have always ...
protection for the east antarctic coastal region
... has been shaped by grand features and processes. The Eastern Antarctic Ice Sheet flows off the Antarctic continent into the Southern Ocean, an icy surface abruptly giving way to the marine environment. Coastal currents, like the Prydz Bay Gyre, mingle with the expansive fronts of the Antarctic Circu ...
... has been shaped by grand features and processes. The Eastern Antarctic Ice Sheet flows off the Antarctic continent into the Southern Ocean, an icy surface abruptly giving way to the marine environment. Coastal currents, like the Prydz Bay Gyre, mingle with the expansive fronts of the Antarctic Circu ...
Southern Ocean
The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans instead. This remains the current official policy of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally-fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.