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Ocean Process Tracers: Nitrogen Isotopes in the Ocean (MS 632
Ocean Process Tracers: Nitrogen Isotopes in the Ocean (MS 632

... Thalassiosira weissflogii showed a higher isotope effect under light-limited growth than under growth limited by iron or temperature. The isotope effect of nitrate assimilation is an integrative characteristic of the upper ocean biota that can be measured without perturbing the system, and its value ...
Satellite estimates of net community production indicate
Satellite estimates of net community production indicate

... There is ongoing debate as to whether the oligotrophic ocean is predominantly net autotrophic and acts as a CO2 sink, or net heterotrophic and therefore acts as a CO2 source to the atmosphere. This quantification is challenging, both spatially and temporally, due to the sparseness of measurements. Th ...
Platinum-group elements (PGE) and rhenium in marine sediments
Platinum-group elements (PGE) and rhenium in marine sediments

... environment was investigated by means of marine sediments at and across the Cretaceous–Tertiary boundary (KTB) at two hemipelagic sites in Europe and two pelagic sites in the North and South Pacific. A traverse across the KTB in the South Pacific pelagic clay core found elevated levels of Re, Pt, Ir ...
ocean acidification resulting from
ocean acidification resulting from

... In 2004 OSPAR convention for the protection of the marine environment of the north east atlantic noted the report from the Group of Jurists and Linguists (JL) on placement of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the OSPAR maritime area (OIC 04/11/1). As a follow up to this report, it was identified that further ...
OITHONA SIMILIS (COPEPODA: CYCLOPOIDA) - A - E-LIB
OITHONA SIMILIS (COPEPODA: CYCLOPOIDA) - A - E-LIB

... A further haplotype of O. similis was sampled in the Mediterranean Sea. However, from the genetic aspect, the haplotypes found in that area are very different. The second Mediterranean one is genetically closer to the O. frigida haplotype than to any other O. similis haplotype. Overall, almost no m ...
View/Download the Competition Program
View/Download the Competition Program

Nutrient gradients in the western North Atlantic Ocean
Nutrient gradients in the western North Atlantic Ocean

... ocean have, in most cases, prevented SRP measurement by standard colorometric methods (detection limit B30 nM). It is clear from the BATS data set that SRP has been nearly undetectable in the upper 100 m over the past decade (Michaels et al., 1994; Michaels and Knap, 1996). To overcome the limits of ...
Presence of Prochlorococcus in the aphotic waters
Presence of Prochlorococcus in the aphotic waters

... in the upper euphotic zone (mostly 5–20 % of the maximum) (Fig. S5). In addition, the side light scatter signals (indices of cell size and cell density) of the Prochlorococcus cells in the Luzon Strait typically increased to their maximum values at the bottom of the euphotic zone (150–200 m) and the ...
Annual report 2005 (of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic
Annual report 2005 (of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic

... a tsunami warning system in the Indian Ocean and introduced plans for warning systems in the Mediterranean, Atlantic Ocean, and Caribbean, to add to the existing system in the Pacific. And the Assembly looked further ahead: it agreed to work towards a global ocean system for all marine hazards that i ...
THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION
THE SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION

... planning meetings (convened in Hyderabad, India in May 14-15, 2013; in Qingdao, China in November 20-21, 2013; in Mauritius in March 6-7, 2014; and in Bangkok, Thailand in March 17-18, 2015), a SCORsponsored workshop (in Bremen, Germany in September 12-13, 2014) and also national planning efforts in ...
Presentation Notes
Presentation Notes

... collected when satellite transmitters fall off when birds molt (change their feathers). Imagine if scientists could follow them for an entire year! Slide 13. Now, we can look at where a single Black-footed Albatross, named after a bright star used for navigation called Zubenelgenubi, flew all the wa ...
Initial Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) Commitments
Initial Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS) Commitments

... The presentations indicated a variety of forms of GOOS participation, as is evident from the full reports in Annex V. They ranged from a selection of existing national observing activities from which a subset of data would be contributed to GOOS, to detailed specifications of contributions of financ ...
Deep-Sea Research II - Max-Planck
Deep-Sea Research II - Max-Planck

... their food and predators, which could potentially affect subsequent larval fish survival (Blaxter, 1992; Breitburg et al., 1999). Pelagic species, such as tuna, are considered in general to have evolved in a relatively more stable pH environment than coastal and reef species, and this, in addition to ...
IMPLICATIONS OF THE LAW OF THE SEA FOR AFRICAN
IMPLICATIONS OF THE LAW OF THE SEA FOR AFRICAN

MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations
MTS Journal Part 2 - Ocean Innovations

... vehicle (HROV) Nereus and other high-performance systems requiring maximum buoyancy with minimum air weight. WHOI successfully operated their HROV in the Mariana Trench Challenger Deep in Summer 2009, scooting across the trench floor for a total of 11 h at 36,000 feet (11,000 m). More than 1,750 3.6- ...
SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION (IIOE-2)
SECOND INTERNATIONAL INDIAN OCEAN EXPEDITION (IIOE-2)

... planning meetings (convened in Hyderabad, India in May 14-15, 2013; in Qingdao, China in November 20-21, 2013; in Mauritius in March 6-7, 2014; and in Bangkok, Thailand in March 17-18, 2015), a SCOR-sponsored workshop (in Bremen, Germany in September 12-13, 2014) and also national planning efforts i ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual

... ultimate waste disposal system, yet our myopic, terrestrial species still insists on naming it after the land. ...
The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean
The monsoon circulation of the Indian Ocean

... We begin with a general overview, discussing wind-stress forcing fields and their anomalies, climatological distributions of stratification, mixed-layer depths, altimetric sea-level distributions, and seasonal circulation patterns (Section 2). The three main monsoon circulation sections deal with th ...
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide

... contribute enormously to the planet’s biodiversity and provide a livelihood for millions of people. The oceans are absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and this is causing chemical changes by making them more acidic (that is, decreasing the pH of the oceans). In the past 200 years the ...
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Policy document 12/05 June 2005
Ocean acidification due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide Policy document 12/05 June 2005

... contribute enormously to the planet’s biodiversity and provide a livelihood for millions of people. The oceans are absorbing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and this is causing chemical changes by making them more acidic (that is, decreasing the pH of the oceans). In the past 200 years the ...
Dealing with Ocean Acidification - University of Houston Law Center
Dealing with Ocean Acidification - University of Houston Law Center

... carbon   dioxide   emissions,   coastal   states   and   environmental   organizations   are   pursuing  local,  regional,  and  national  legal  means  of  addressing  ocean  acidification,   and  the  goal  of  this  Article  is  to  describe ...
6.19 The Oceanic CaCO3 Cycle - Earth and Environmental Sciences
6.19 The Oceanic CaCO3 Cycle - Earth and Environmental Sciences

... and extends around Africa into the Indian Ocean (fading out as NADW mixes into the ambient circumpolar deep water). The difference in carbonate ion concentration between NADW and the rest of the deep ocean is related to the difference in PO4 concentration. NADW has only about half the concentration ...
Eng - UNESDOC
Eng - UNESDOC

... additional regular programme resources at the end of end 2015 allowed IOC to contribute more than was previously foreseen. WCRP has an extensive portfolio of activities at the recent meeting of its Joint Scientific Committee added two topics to their ‘Grand Challenges’ namely: “Near-Term Climate Pre ...
UNOLS Booth at 2014 Ocean Sciences Conference Program
UNOLS Booth at 2014 Ocean Sciences Conference Program

... Limnology and Oceanography poster presenters to be available to talk about their is not allowed at the meeting. For more than 50 years, ASLO has been a leadposters have been scheduled between 16:00 and ing professional organization for researchers and Thank you for your cooperation. 18:00 on Monday ...
Revised Recommendations from the Coastal States Organization
Revised Recommendations from the Coastal States Organization

... resources precludes development of a comprehensive picture of U.S. investment in managing these resources and prevents a comparison between the investments made with the short- and long-term benefits. Coastal states and communities directly affected still do not have sufficient information regarding ...
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Southern Ocean



The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean or the Austral Ocean, comprises the southernmost waters of the World Ocean, generally taken to be south of 60° S latitude and encircling Antarctica. As such, it is regarded as the fourth-largest of the five principal oceanic divisions: smaller than the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans but larger than the Arctic Ocean. This ocean zone is where cold, northward flowing waters from the Antarctic mix with warmer subantarctic waters.By way of his voyages in the 1770s, Captain James Cook proved that waters encompassed the southern latitudes of the globe. Since then, geographers have disagreed on the Southern Ocean's northern boundary or even existence, considering the waters part of the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans instead. This remains the current official policy of the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), since a 2000 revision of its definitions including the Southern Ocean as the waters south of the 60th parallel has not yet been adopted. Others regard the seasonally-fluctuating Antarctic Convergence as the natural boundary.
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