The O-antigen mediates differential survival of
... 1995), including the induction of predatory white blood cells upon systemic infection of a eukaryotic host by pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is not surprising that the structure of O-antigen polysaccharides is hypervariable within many species of pathogenic bacteria (Butela & Lawrence, 2010). Of ...
... 1995), including the induction of predatory white blood cells upon systemic infection of a eukaryotic host by pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, it is not surprising that the structure of O-antigen polysaccharides is hypervariable within many species of pathogenic bacteria (Butela & Lawrence, 2010). Of ...
Powdered versus liquid bacterial preparations
... lower the ambient temperature, the longer the bacteria can survive without oxygen. In an average temperature of 15 ° C the life of the bacteria in a closed bottle is about 5 to 7 months. In the past, people often assumed that these classical nitrifying bacteria where the only bacteria that determine ...
... lower the ambient temperature, the longer the bacteria can survive without oxygen. In an average temperature of 15 ° C the life of the bacteria in a closed bottle is about 5 to 7 months. In the past, people often assumed that these classical nitrifying bacteria where the only bacteria that determine ...
Mini Review An Overview on Bacterial Motility Detection
... preparation could be the most used method in some motility determination cases unless the use of depression slide. Basically, hanging drop is prepared by applying a little vaseline or stopcock grease to the four corners of the coverslip and transferring a loopful of fresh liquid culture to the centr ...
... preparation could be the most used method in some motility determination cases unless the use of depression slide. Basically, hanging drop is prepared by applying a little vaseline or stopcock grease to the four corners of the coverslip and transferring a loopful of fresh liquid culture to the centr ...
Bartonella Clarridgeiae: Invasion of Human
... supplemented with 5% horse serum and 5% Fildes reagent. The bacteria stained faintly Gramnegative. Some of the bacteria had a single polar flagellum while others had multiple unipolar flagella when viewed by electron microscopy. The authors concluded from histologic, microscopic and fatty-acid analy ...
... supplemented with 5% horse serum and 5% Fildes reagent. The bacteria stained faintly Gramnegative. Some of the bacteria had a single polar flagellum while others had multiple unipolar flagella when viewed by electron microscopy. The authors concluded from histologic, microscopic and fatty-acid analy ...
Molecular paleontology and complexity in the last eukaryotic
... possibilities cannot be discounted (faint line; multiple transitions). Other trajectories that could be envisaged are not shown for purposes of clarity only. It is assumed that the LECA ancestor was just one of many lineages that arose from the single eukaryogenesis event, but that it came to domina ...
... possibilities cannot be discounted (faint line; multiple transitions). Other trajectories that could be envisaged are not shown for purposes of clarity only. It is assumed that the LECA ancestor was just one of many lineages that arose from the single eukaryogenesis event, but that it came to domina ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell Interactions and Activities
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inten ...
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inten ...
Agrobacterium tumefaciens and Plant Cell - igem
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inte ...
... Schilperoort 1992, Newell 2000). Using such modified strains and appropriate selectable markers, the host range over which DNA can be transferred now includes species ranging from other bacteria, fungi, virtually all classes of plants, and even to some mammalian cells (Lacroix et al. 2006). The inte ...
Isolation of obligately alkaliphilic magnetotactic bacteria from
... alkaline habitats we studied (e.g. Mono Lake). Mono Lake has been used by researchers at a number of institutions, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), as a model for extreme environments that might be comparable with those on the planet Mars (Kempe and Kazmierczak, 19 ...
... alkaline habitats we studied (e.g. Mono Lake). Mono Lake has been used by researchers at a number of institutions, including the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), as a model for extreme environments that might be comparable with those on the planet Mars (Kempe and Kazmierczak, 19 ...
The structure of secondary cell wall polymers: how
... Rogers et al., 1980). Although the exact biological function (or functions) of these negatively charged SCWPs is not fully understood, several general functions have been attributed to them. These include (i) binding of divalent cations, (ii) role in the balance of metal ions for membrane functional ...
... Rogers et al., 1980). Although the exact biological function (or functions) of these negatively charged SCWPs is not fully understood, several general functions have been attributed to them. These include (i) binding of divalent cations, (ii) role in the balance of metal ions for membrane functional ...
Measurement of Protozoan Grazing on Bacteria by Means of [ H
... means of [3H-methyl]thymidine-labelled natural assemblages of lake bacteria. The general rationale for the applied method is that bacteria and protozoans differ in cell size. The cell length of aquatic bacteria usually does not exceed 1 µm and in most cases protozoans are larger than 1 µm in size. F ...
... means of [3H-methyl]thymidine-labelled natural assemblages of lake bacteria. The general rationale for the applied method is that bacteria and protozoans differ in cell size. The cell length of aquatic bacteria usually does not exceed 1 µm and in most cases protozoans are larger than 1 µm in size. F ...
The twin arginine protein transport pathway exports multiple
... outside of plant pathogenic streptomycetes, is required for colonization of the roots and may function to suppress plant defence responses (Bukhalid and Loria, 1997; Joshi et al., 2007b). Furthermore, the secreted protein TomA, is conserved among pathogenic streptomycetes (Kers et al., 2005) and is ...
... outside of plant pathogenic streptomycetes, is required for colonization of the roots and may function to suppress plant defence responses (Bukhalid and Loria, 1997; Joshi et al., 2007b). Furthermore, the secreted protein TomA, is conserved among pathogenic streptomycetes (Kers et al., 2005) and is ...
Allergen-Sensitization Increases Mast
... Background: Activation of mast cells (MCs) via aggregation of immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to its high affinity receptor (FcεRI) results in release of inflammatory mediators from secretory granules. Histamine is one of the critical biological mediators released in the allergic response. Synaptosomal ...
... Background: Activation of mast cells (MCs) via aggregation of immunoglobulin E (IgE) bound to its high affinity receptor (FcεRI) results in release of inflammatory mediators from secretory granules. Histamine is one of the critical biological mediators released in the allergic response. Synaptosomal ...
the updated simplified spinal anesthesia - Debunk
... needle for lumbar puncture in an average subject. The skin is punctured immediately to one side of the supraspinous ligament in this case, the left side - and the needle is inclined medially enough to reach the median plane about 3 to 4 cm from the skin and upwards enough for its slope to be slightl ...
... needle for lumbar puncture in an average subject. The skin is punctured immediately to one side of the supraspinous ligament in this case, the left side - and the needle is inclined medially enough to reach the median plane about 3 to 4 cm from the skin and upwards enough for its slope to be slightl ...
14. lumbar plexus block
... This is why the femoral nerve block (also called the “3-in-1 block”) often fails to successfully block the obturator nerve and why the lumbar plexus approach is often selected when blockade of all three nerves is required. However, the lumbar plexus block remains controversial because of the deep lo ...
... This is why the femoral nerve block (also called the “3-in-1 block”) often fails to successfully block the obturator nerve and why the lumbar plexus approach is often selected when blockade of all three nerves is required. However, the lumbar plexus block remains controversial because of the deep lo ...
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE ROLE OF PSEUDOMONAS
... Therefore, the functions of type III effectors are essential for disease. Although several type III effectors have been demonstrated to block components of the plant defense response, the functions of most type III effectors are unknown. Our lab is interested in the type III effector HopAF1, a type ...
... Therefore, the functions of type III effectors are essential for disease. Although several type III effectors have been demonstrated to block components of the plant defense response, the functions of most type III effectors are unknown. Our lab is interested in the type III effector HopAF1, a type ...
Protein Dynamics in the Plant Extracellular Space
... system formed by the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi system, and the secretory vesicles that constitute the exocytosis pathway [23]. However, some proteins collected in APFs lack the signal peptide and are not thought to be contaminants from other cell compartments but “non-canonical secreted prote ...
... system formed by the endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi system, and the secretory vesicles that constitute the exocytosis pathway [23]. However, some proteins collected in APFs lack the signal peptide and are not thought to be contaminants from other cell compartments but “non-canonical secreted prote ...
Similarities and Differences in the Glycosylation Mechanisms in
... been found exclusively in a subset of species belonging to the phylogenetic grouping known as the epsilon subdivision of the Proteobacteria, which include Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella genera. Amongst these, N-glycosylation has been rigorously confirmed by mass spectrometry for C. jejun ...
... been found exclusively in a subset of species belonging to the phylogenetic grouping known as the epsilon subdivision of the Proteobacteria, which include Campylobacter, Helicobacter, and Wolinella genera. Amongst these, N-glycosylation has been rigorously confirmed by mass spectrometry for C. jejun ...
IDENTIFICATION OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH
... ton, are thus of prime importance for a better understanding of the occurrence of toxic blooms and more generally to assess bacteria–phytoplankton association in marine pelagic ecosystems. So far the physical association between bacteria and phytoplankton has been studied by different technical appr ...
... ton, are thus of prime importance for a better understanding of the occurrence of toxic blooms and more generally to assess bacteria–phytoplankton association in marine pelagic ecosystems. So far the physical association between bacteria and phytoplankton has been studied by different technical appr ...
Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
... there is evidence that certain bacteria specialize in an algicidal life style. One might define such true algicidal bacteria (and possibly archaea as well) as algal pathogens that satisfy Koch’s postulates in an environmental context. The requirement of an environmental context poses conceptual and ...
... there is evidence that certain bacteria specialize in an algicidal life style. One might define such true algicidal bacteria (and possibly archaea as well) as algal pathogens that satisfy Koch’s postulates in an environmental context. The requirement of an environmental context poses conceptual and ...
enterocolitica Yersinia Type III Secretion System of Properties of the
... YscC is the integral outer membrane component of the type III protein secretion machinery of Yersinia enterocolitica and belongs to the family of secretins. This group of proteins forms stable ring-like oligomers in the outer membrane, which are thought to function as transport channels for macromol ...
... YscC is the integral outer membrane component of the type III protein secretion machinery of Yersinia enterocolitica and belongs to the family of secretins. This group of proteins forms stable ring-like oligomers in the outer membrane, which are thought to function as transport channels for macromol ...
Growth of bacteria in seawater filtered through 0.2 pm Nuclepore
... ultramicrobacteria could thrive. The results of our 3 experiments differ in detail but not in the general aspects, which w e now discuss. The apparent specific growth rate of bacteria was inversely related to the degree of dilution (Fig. 3 ) , seemingly consistent with the grazing model of Landry & ...
... ultramicrobacteria could thrive. The results of our 3 experiments differ in detail but not in the general aspects, which w e now discuss. The apparent specific growth rate of bacteria was inversely related to the degree of dilution (Fig. 3 ) , seemingly consistent with the grazing model of Landry & ...
Identification of Bacterial Species
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
... Gram-negative bacteria. The cells are then dipped into an iodine solution; iodine is the mordant, meaning that it is a substance that increases the affinity of the cell for crystal violet so that crystal violet is more difficult to remove from the cell. Iodine forms large complexes with crystal viol ...
Microscopy Microanalysis
... However, in many cases their precise role in carbonate formation is not well known. We here describe the in vitro formation of calcite crystals by extracellular polymeric materials ~EPS and CPS! isolated from calcifying-bacterial strains and provide evidence showing that some protein components pres ...
... However, in many cases their precise role in carbonate formation is not well known. We here describe the in vitro formation of calcite crystals by extracellular polymeric materials ~EPS and CPS! isolated from calcifying-bacterial strains and provide evidence showing that some protein components pres ...
Patterned Protein Microarrays for Bacterial Detection
... rapidly inferred from changes in a transducer output signal. These indirect techniques include electrochemical methods [1-4], and quartz microbalance detection. [4-7]. While these techniques offer promise of a reagentless detection scheme, they in turn often suffer from false readings caused by vari ...
... rapidly inferred from changes in a transducer output signal. These indirect techniques include electrochemical methods [1-4], and quartz microbalance detection. [4-7]. While these techniques offer promise of a reagentless detection scheme, they in turn often suffer from false readings caused by vari ...
the 36th NPS abstract book
... interface. Both symbiotic interactions are set in motion by a shared common signalling pathway that is activated by specific lipochito-oligosaccharides, the Nod and Myc factors. Legumes can establish both symbiotic interactions although Nod and Myc factors activate the common symbiotic signalling pa ...
... interface. Both symbiotic interactions are set in motion by a shared common signalling pathway that is activated by specific lipochito-oligosaccharides, the Nod and Myc factors. Legumes can establish both symbiotic interactions although Nod and Myc factors activate the common symbiotic signalling pa ...
Type three secretion system
Type three secretion system (often written Type III secretion system and abbreviated TTSS or T3SS, also called Injectisome or Injectosome) is a protein appendage found in several Gram-negative bacteria.In pathogenic bacteria, the needle-like structure is used as a sensory probe to detect the presence of eukaryotic organisms and secrete proteins that help the bacteria infect them. The secreted effector proteins are secreted directly from the bacterial cell into the eukaryotic (host) cell, where they exert a number of effects that help the pathogen to survive and to escape an immune response.