Classroom Acoustics for Children With Normal Hearing and With
... background noise levels via single number descriptions (Crandell et al., 1995). The most common single number descriptor of classroom noise is the measurement of the relative sound pressure level (SPL) of the background noise at a specific point, or points, in time on an Aweighting scale (dBA). Such ...
... background noise levels via single number descriptions (Crandell et al., 1995). The most common single number descriptor of classroom noise is the measurement of the relative sound pressure level (SPL) of the background noise at a specific point, or points, in time on an Aweighting scale (dBA). Such ...
The paradox of energy equivalence
... more explicit about their assumptions. A good example is how individual energy requirements are estimated: most studies use basal metabolic rates, rather than field rates (which scale more steeply; Nagy, 2005). Many studies approximate metabolic rates as M3/4 (Ernest et al., 2008, 2009): this is rea ...
... more explicit about their assumptions. A good example is how individual energy requirements are estimated: most studies use basal metabolic rates, rather than field rates (which scale more steeply; Nagy, 2005). Many studies approximate metabolic rates as M3/4 (Ernest et al., 2008, 2009): this is rea ...
does variable coloration in juvenile marine crabs reduce
... range of fish predators in the Gulf of Maine. It is unknown if the developmental crypsis we describe may have persisted later into a crab’s ontogeny when larger predators were more common. We do not know why color polymorphism is lost as crabs mature. It is possible that it is a ‘‘costly’’ condition ...
... range of fish predators in the Gulf of Maine. It is unknown if the developmental crypsis we describe may have persisted later into a crab’s ontogeny when larger predators were more common. We do not know why color polymorphism is lost as crabs mature. It is possible that it is a ‘‘costly’’ condition ...
Putting Scientific Work in Context: Introductions
... Skogland 1985). For these species, migration appears to represent an effective strategy to escape predation. Mobile ungulates and their precocial young may be able to space themselves from their less mobile predators (Bergerud 1988; Fryxell and Sinclair 1988; Fryxell et al. 1988). Further associatio ...
... Skogland 1985). For these species, migration appears to represent an effective strategy to escape predation. Mobile ungulates and their precocial young may be able to space themselves from their less mobile predators (Bergerud 1988; Fryxell and Sinclair 1988; Fryxell et al. 1988). Further associatio ...
Hearing Conservation Update for 2004
... • Wax - the ear canal secretes a waxy substance that helps to protect and lubricate the tissues. A build-up of wax can block the ear canal, leading to short term conductive deafness. • Foreign object - similarly to ear wax, a foreign object stuck inside the ear canal (such as the tip of a cotton bud ...
... • Wax - the ear canal secretes a waxy substance that helps to protect and lubricate the tissues. A build-up of wax can block the ear canal, leading to short term conductive deafness. • Foreign object - similarly to ear wax, a foreign object stuck inside the ear canal (such as the tip of a cotton bud ...
The audibility of direct sound as a key to measuring
... 5. Reflections from any direction alter the phase relationships between harmonics of complex tones, reducing and randomizing the amplitude modulation of the basilar membrane. The result is intermodulation between sources, distortion, and noise. Separation of sources by pitch becomes difficult. The b ...
... 5. Reflections from any direction alter the phase relationships between harmonics of complex tones, reducing and randomizing the amplitude modulation of the basilar membrane. The result is intermodulation between sources, distortion, and noise. Separation of sources by pitch becomes difficult. The b ...
Chapter 50: Study Questions
... 4. Why is sunlight so important? 5. How does light influence the life cycle of plants and animals? 6. How does wind influence environmental conditions? 7. How do rocks and soil influence ecological cycles? 8. What are the two major factors that determine climate? 9. Why aren’t biomes clearly disting ...
... 4. Why is sunlight so important? 5. How does light influence the life cycle of plants and animals? 6. How does wind influence environmental conditions? 7. How do rocks and soil influence ecological cycles? 8. What are the two major factors that determine climate? 9. Why aren’t biomes clearly disting ...
Fluctuating resources in plant communities: a general theory of invasibility FORUM
... The Theory: A plant community becomes more susceptible to invasion whenever there is an increase in the amount of unused resources. Our theory rests on the simple assumption that an invading species must have access to available resources, e.g. light, nutrients, and water, and that a species will en ...
... The Theory: A plant community becomes more susceptible to invasion whenever there is an increase in the amount of unused resources. Our theory rests on the simple assumption that an invading species must have access to available resources, e.g. light, nutrients, and water, and that a species will en ...
Part 16 Noise
... A number of factors should be considered when analyzing the extent of the hazard to which workers may be exposed: (a) sound from a source can travel by more than one path to the location where it becomes a hazard; (b) many industrial sound sources are directional i.e. sound ...
... A number of factors should be considered when analyzing the extent of the hazard to which workers may be exposed: (a) sound from a source can travel by more than one path to the location where it becomes a hazard; (b) many industrial sound sources are directional i.e. sound ...
Hearing Conservation Program
... the results of the exposure monitoring that was conducted in their work areas. This form is sent to all employees where the monitoring indicates the noise exposure is at or above the action level. If feasible, administrative or engineering controls will be instituted. Employees with noise exposures ...
... the results of the exposure monitoring that was conducted in their work areas. This form is sent to all employees where the monitoring indicates the noise exposure is at or above the action level. If feasible, administrative or engineering controls will be instituted. Employees with noise exposures ...
Nature of Science and Ecology Jeopardy
... Ecology for 300 Question: Question: Cactus have stems instead of leaves to store water because they are found in a desert biome. This is an example of a (an)? A. Limiting factor B. Biome C. Adaptation D. Density Dependent Factor ...
... Ecology for 300 Question: Question: Cactus have stems instead of leaves to store water because they are found in a desert biome. This is an example of a (an)? A. Limiting factor B. Biome C. Adaptation D. Density Dependent Factor ...
Duties to Ecosystems
... short-lived insect grazers permit to long-lived plants rapid nutrient recycling, something like that accomplished more slowly by seasonal leaf-fall and decay. Some species of grasses coevolved with grazing ungulates; neither can flourish (or even survive) without the other.7 Here too, as with predat ...
... short-lived insect grazers permit to long-lived plants rapid nutrient recycling, something like that accomplished more slowly by seasonal leaf-fall and decay. Some species of grasses coevolved with grazing ungulates; neither can flourish (or even survive) without the other.7 Here too, as with predat ...
Weighting curves
... values, in dB(A), corresponds well with subjectively perceived loudness. Initially the concept was to employ the proper curve depending to the loudness of sound: A-Curve 0 to 50 phon B-Curve 50 to 80 phon C-Curve 80 to 100 phon D-Curve aircraft noise (> 100 phon) In practice only the A-weigh ...
... values, in dB(A), corresponds well with subjectively perceived loudness. Initially the concept was to employ the proper curve depending to the loudness of sound: A-Curve 0 to 50 phon B-Curve 50 to 80 phon C-Curve 80 to 100 phon D-Curve aircraft noise (> 100 phon) In practice only the A-weigh ...
habitat and landscape characteristics underlying anuran
... 1998), the ability of juveniles to disperse readily through the matrix among breeding sites is critical to a ...
... 1998), the ability of juveniles to disperse readily through the matrix among breeding sites is critical to a ...
Why behavioural responses may not reflect the
... most commonly used behavioural measure in studies of disturbance. However, exactly the same argument could be made for all other forms of behavioural response to disturbance, for example reduced prey intake rates, increased vigilance levels, reduction in levels of parental care or amount of time spe ...
... most commonly used behavioural measure in studies of disturbance. However, exactly the same argument could be made for all other forms of behavioural response to disturbance, for example reduced prey intake rates, increased vigilance levels, reduction in levels of parental care or amount of time spe ...
The Gray Zone: Relationships between habitat loss and marine
... biology is the prediction of the decrease in species number and abundance in response to a reduction in the area of the habitat (Hanski, 2005). Additionally, there are other fundamental but often overlooked components of diversity (Gray, 1997), related to species identity (i.e. species are not equiv ...
... biology is the prediction of the decrease in species number and abundance in response to a reduction in the area of the habitat (Hanski, 2005). Additionally, there are other fundamental but often overlooked components of diversity (Gray, 1997), related to species identity (i.e. species are not equiv ...
Positive interactions expand habitat use and the realized niches of
... expand in sympatry due to positive interactions (Bertness and Callaway 1994). Incorporating facilitations into niche theory leads to the paradoxical prediction that a species’ realized niche will be larger than its fundamental niche in high-stress environments (Bruno et al. 2003). Thus, incorporatin ...
... expand in sympatry due to positive interactions (Bertness and Callaway 1994). Incorporating facilitations into niche theory leads to the paradoxical prediction that a species’ realized niche will be larger than its fundamental niche in high-stress environments (Bruno et al. 2003). Thus, incorporatin ...
753
... climate and weather actually had strong predictive power, but only when both direct effects (on sheep) and indirect effects (on their food supply) were accounted for (Hallett et al., 2004). This example raises the specter of why we cannot always simply take large-scale measurements of environmental ...
... climate and weather actually had strong predictive power, but only when both direct effects (on sheep) and indirect effects (on their food supply) were accounted for (Hallett et al., 2004). This example raises the specter of why we cannot always simply take large-scale measurements of environmental ...
From Population to the Biosphere
... How do zebras keep water in their bodies? What causes the growth of a zebra populations? How does a disturbance, like a fire or predator, affect the number of mammal species in African grasslands? How does fire affect the amount of food available in ...
... How do zebras keep water in their bodies? What causes the growth of a zebra populations? How does a disturbance, like a fire or predator, affect the number of mammal species in African grasslands? How does fire affect the amount of food available in ...
Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss
... sociated with hearing loss are depression, social isolation,25 and increased risk of accidents.26 Workers with evidence of hearing loss require an individualized evaluation that takes into account both the need to communicate safely and effectively and the need for protection from additional damage ...
... sociated with hearing loss are depression, social isolation,25 and increased risk of accidents.26 Workers with evidence of hearing loss require an individualized evaluation that takes into account both the need to communicate safely and effectively and the need for protection from additional damage ...
Ecological Footprint
... Answer the questions below and calculate the ecological footprint (Use your text & the help sheet) Data for food consumption are often given in grain equivalents, so that a population with a meat rich diet would tend to consume a higher grain equivalent than a population that feeds directly on grain ...
... Answer the questions below and calculate the ecological footprint (Use your text & the help sheet) Data for food consumption are often given in grain equivalents, so that a population with a meat rich diet would tend to consume a higher grain equivalent than a population that feeds directly on grain ...
Noise and Hearing Conservation
... You will be able to: • Understand the effects of noise on hearing • Identify sources of noise in your workplace • Describe the purpose of audiometric testing and be able to interpret your test results • Select, fit, and use hearing protection ...
... You will be able to: • Understand the effects of noise on hearing • Identify sources of noise in your workplace • Describe the purpose of audiometric testing and be able to interpret your test results • Select, fit, and use hearing protection ...
"S C --
... near Nova Scotia out of the area with the greatest concentration of right whales. Despite the fact that we too have major shipping lanes and channels that cross right whale critical habitat in both the wintering grounds of the SE and in the feeding an nursery areas of Gulf of Maine, the US has not ...
... near Nova Scotia out of the area with the greatest concentration of right whales. Despite the fact that we too have major shipping lanes and channels that cross right whale critical habitat in both the wintering grounds of the SE and in the feeding an nursery areas of Gulf of Maine, the US has not ...
Soundscape ecology
Soundscape ecology is the study of sound within a landscape and its effect on organisms. Sounds may be generated by organisms (biophony), by the physical environment (geophony), or by humans (anthrophony). Soundscape ecologists seek to understand how these different sound sources interact across spatial scales and through time. Variation in soundscapes may have wide-ranging ecological effects as organisms often obtain information from environmental sounds. Soundscape ecologists use recording devices, audio tools, and elements of traditional ecological analyses to study soundscape structure. Increasingly, anthrophony, sometimes referred to in older, more archaic terminology as anthropogenic noise dominates soundscapes, and this type of noise pollution or disturbance has a negative impact on a wide range of organisms. The preservation of natural soundscapes is now a recognized conservation goal.