The Optical Beam Diameter Within the Beam
... It can be seen from Figure 1 that, perhaps surprisingly, quite small beam diameters give the best SNR performance. The optimal beam diameters correspond to the nominal beam diameters being approximately equal to the Fresnel zone size for the beam propagation distance √(λz)=6.6mm. A Gaussian beam of ...
... It can be seen from Figure 1 that, perhaps surprisingly, quite small beam diameters give the best SNR performance. The optimal beam diameters correspond to the nominal beam diameters being approximately equal to the Fresnel zone size for the beam propagation distance √(λz)=6.6mm. A Gaussian beam of ...
Illumination Intensity Dependence of the Photovoltage in
... involved in the recombination processes as well as to discriminate those parameters depending on TiO2 preparation conditions from those depending on surface treatment methods. These insights provide new tools for tailoring DSSCs’ properties. This paper is composed of several parts. The main text con ...
... involved in the recombination processes as well as to discriminate those parameters depending on TiO2 preparation conditions from those depending on surface treatment methods. These insights provide new tools for tailoring DSSCs’ properties. This paper is composed of several parts. The main text con ...
Pore Scale Modeling of Rock Properties and Comparison to Laboratory Measurements
... binarized to clearly distinguish the pore space and rock matrix by ANU. The BS500 core sample is digitized into a 18403 voxel tomogram with 2.8 micron resolution. This sample contains some clay; the mineralogy of BS500 is listed in Table 1. The volume fraction of clay was determined by the X-ray att ...
... binarized to clearly distinguish the pore space and rock matrix by ANU. The BS500 core sample is digitized into a 18403 voxel tomogram with 2.8 micron resolution. This sample contains some clay; the mineralogy of BS500 is listed in Table 1. The volume fraction of clay was determined by the X-ray att ...
The crystal structures of synthetics Fe2(SO4)3(H2O)5 and
... vial, and showed no signs of decomposition, such as growth of new phases on the surface of the sample, evidence of deliquescence, etc. Preliminary X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments were carried out with a Bragg-Brentano geometry Scintag PAD V diffractometer in flat-plate geometry, with CuKα radiat ...
... vial, and showed no signs of decomposition, such as growth of new phases on the surface of the sample, evidence of deliquescence, etc. Preliminary X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments were carried out with a Bragg-Brentano geometry Scintag PAD V diffractometer in flat-plate geometry, with CuKα radiat ...
Guide for the Measurement of Smooth Surface Topography using
... cancelling wave property is known as superposition and results in a set of dark and light bands known as interference fringes when viewed on a screen or through a microscope. ...
... cancelling wave property is known as superposition and results in a set of dark and light bands known as interference fringes when viewed on a screen or through a microscope. ...
Spectroscopy – I. Gratings and Prisms
... the other – and to do this with accurately maintained shape. “Blazing” allows the grating efficiency to be peaked at a selected wavelength region. Nowadays, a number of different techniques are available – such as electron-beam etching and the production of holographic and “volume-phase” holographic ...
... the other – and to do this with accurately maintained shape. “Blazing” allows the grating efficiency to be peaked at a selected wavelength region. Nowadays, a number of different techniques are available – such as electron-beam etching and the production of holographic and “volume-phase” holographic ...
Technical Guide
... An integrating sphere combined with a photodetector of the appropriate spectral response can be used to directly measure the total geometric flux emanating from a light source or the flux density of an illuminated area. The geometric distribution of the light to be measured determines the appropriat ...
... An integrating sphere combined with a photodetector of the appropriate spectral response can be used to directly measure the total geometric flux emanating from a light source or the flux density of an illuminated area. The geometric distribution of the light to be measured determines the appropriat ...
Characterization of the citrate precursor, used for
... obtaining a mixed solution of stoichiometric quantities of Mg(NO3)2•6H2O, Zn(NO3)2•6H2O, and ferric citrate FeC6H5O7•H2O. The ratio of metal ions to anhydrous citric acid (C6H8O7) used is 1:3. Ammonia hydroxide is used for correcting the pH rate up to 6. The obtained solution is heated at 80°C. Sole ...
... obtaining a mixed solution of stoichiometric quantities of Mg(NO3)2•6H2O, Zn(NO3)2•6H2O, and ferric citrate FeC6H5O7•H2O. The ratio of metal ions to anhydrous citric acid (C6H8O7) used is 1:3. Ammonia hydroxide is used for correcting the pH rate up to 6. The obtained solution is heated at 80°C. Sole ...
Stabler, Graham (2005) High resolution wide field surface plasmon
... for answering my stupid questions. I would also like to thank Nick Sawyer, Mark Pitter, Steve Sharples and Dr See for disscussion on subjects as diverse as speckle illumination and thesis writing. Amongst the departmental staff I would particularly like to thank Kevin Last, Malcolm Gibbons and Ron W ...
... for answering my stupid questions. I would also like to thank Nick Sawyer, Mark Pitter, Steve Sharples and Dr See for disscussion on subjects as diverse as speckle illumination and thesis writing. Amongst the departmental staff I would particularly like to thank Kevin Last, Malcolm Gibbons and Ron W ...
Nonlinear Raman-Nath second harmonic generation with structured
... Cherenkov radiation [7–13], nonlinear Raman-Nath and nonlinear Bragg diffraction [9,14– 16] have been intensively studied in NPCs. And various patterns of 2D nonlinear photonic structures have also been demonstrated, including square, hexagonal lattices, annular periodical, or even random structures ...
... Cherenkov radiation [7–13], nonlinear Raman-Nath and nonlinear Bragg diffraction [9,14– 16] have been intensively studied in NPCs. And various patterns of 2D nonlinear photonic structures have also been demonstrated, including square, hexagonal lattices, annular periodical, or even random structures ...
Role of the Tunneling Ray in Near-Critical-Angle
... When light is scattered by a large particle possessing a high degree of symmetry, such as a sphere, spheroid, or circular cylinder, and the scattered light is examined in the context of ray theory, a partial focusing of the light rays called an optical caustic occurs on certain surfaces in the near ...
... When light is scattered by a large particle possessing a high degree of symmetry, such as a sphere, spheroid, or circular cylinder, and the scattered light is examined in the context of ray theory, a partial focusing of the light rays called an optical caustic occurs on certain surfaces in the near ...
Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses
... 2 which have larger numerical aperture and larger wave front aberrations and because of that smaller PSF. The second group consists of microlenses 3, 4, and 5 which have smaller numerical aperture and smaller wave front aberrations and because of that larger PSF. The spot diagram represents method f ...
... 2 which have larger numerical aperture and larger wave front aberrations and because of that smaller PSF. The second group consists of microlenses 3, 4, and 5 which have smaller numerical aperture and smaller wave front aberrations and because of that larger PSF. The spot diagram represents method f ...
Holographic Fabrication of Designed Functional Defect Lines in
... methods have been used to incorporate desired functional defects into the PhC lattice through SLM-based holographic lithography [23,30–41]. Pioneering works using SLM as a masks or an adaptive optical element have demonstrated the formation of complex point and line defects and zigzag waveguides in ...
... methods have been used to incorporate desired functional defects into the PhC lattice through SLM-based holographic lithography [23,30–41]. Pioneering works using SLM as a masks or an adaptive optical element have demonstrated the formation of complex point and line defects and zigzag waveguides in ...
Optical Properties of Nanostructures
... 1.3.1. Bragg Diffraction The fundamental mechanism determining the properties of photonic crystals is due to interference, and is called Bragg diffraction. ...
... 1.3.1. Bragg Diffraction The fundamental mechanism determining the properties of photonic crystals is due to interference, and is called Bragg diffraction. ...
Application of ion scattering techniques to characterize polymer
... natural length scale for many surface and interface phenomena is 100 A, comparable to the depth resolution of ERD. Since no one technique can provide the necessary depth resolution, lateral resolution, sensitivity and quantification, physical scientist are increasingly using a combination of comple ...
... natural length scale for many surface and interface phenomena is 100 A, comparable to the depth resolution of ERD. Since no one technique can provide the necessary depth resolution, lateral resolution, sensitivity and quantification, physical scientist are increasingly using a combination of comple ...
moiré technique
... If the surface height variations are large compared to the grating period, diffraction effects will occur, prohibiting a mere shadow of the grating to be cast on the surface. surface Shadow moiré is therefore best suited for rather coarse measurements on large surfaces. surfaces It is relatively sim ...
... If the surface height variations are large compared to the grating period, diffraction effects will occur, prohibiting a mere shadow of the grating to be cast on the surface. surface Shadow moiré is therefore best suited for rather coarse measurements on large surfaces. surfaces It is relatively sim ...
First in situ X-ray identification of coesite and retrograde quartz on a
... of the eclogite facies in two areas of Europe: pyrope-quartzite in the Dora Maira Massif of the Western Alps (Chopin 1984) and in dolomite-eclogite from the Western gneiss region of Norway (Smith 1984). In 1990, diamond inclusions were found in garnet from metamorphic rocks derived from crustal mate ...
... of the eclogite facies in two areas of Europe: pyrope-quartzite in the Dora Maira Massif of the Western Alps (Chopin 1984) and in dolomite-eclogite from the Western gneiss region of Norway (Smith 1984). In 1990, diamond inclusions were found in garnet from metamorphic rocks derived from crustal mate ...
Full-angle Negative Reflection with An Ultrathin Acoustic
... therefore, only the first Floquet-Bloch modes should be taken into account. Owing to the local phase gradient, the stimulation of the first Floquet-Bloch is propagating direction dependent, which means the Floquet-Bloch mode propagating along the direction of surface phase gradient is always the pri ...
... therefore, only the first Floquet-Bloch modes should be taken into account. Owing to the local phase gradient, the stimulation of the first Floquet-Bloch is propagating direction dependent, which means the Floquet-Bloch mode propagating along the direction of surface phase gradient is always the pri ...
UW LaTeX Thesis Template - UWSpace
... resonance based sensors are being used for detection of molecular adsorption such as DNA and proteins. These sensors are known to be highly sensitive and have successfully become commercialized. Terahertz (THz) frequency band of electromagnetic spectrum has attracted researchers in the last few year ...
... resonance based sensors are being used for detection of molecular adsorption such as DNA and proteins. These sensors are known to be highly sensitive and have successfully become commercialized. Terahertz (THz) frequency band of electromagnetic spectrum has attracted researchers in the last few year ...
Structural and optical properties of visible active
... transport in the nanocrystalline semiconductor films, which is a subject of continuing discussion.21 The PC activity depends on the electronic structure, which is related to crystal structure and surface morphology. WO3 exists in several phases, which differ with respect to each other by the tilting ...
... transport in the nanocrystalline semiconductor films, which is a subject of continuing discussion.21 The PC activity depends on the electronic structure, which is related to crystal structure and surface morphology. WO3 exists in several phases, which differ with respect to each other by the tilting ...
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction
Reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) is a technique used to characterize the surface of crystalline materials. RHEED systems gather information only from the surface layer of the sample, which distinguishes RHEED from other materials characterization methods that also rely on diffraction of high-energy electrons. Transmission electron microscopy, another common electron diffraction method samples the bulk of the sample due to the geometry of the system. Low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) is also surface sensitive, but LEED achieves surface sensitivity through the use of low energy electrons.