Fiberoptic Communication Systems
... the fiber, the light is confined to the fiber by virtue of the phenomenon of Total Internal Reflection (TIR). To understand TIR, we need to look at the transmission of light through materials having different refractive indices. The refractive index determines the speed of the wave inside the materi ...
... the fiber, the light is confined to the fiber by virtue of the phenomenon of Total Internal Reflection (TIR). To understand TIR, we need to look at the transmission of light through materials having different refractive indices. The refractive index determines the speed of the wave inside the materi ...
The Equation of Number the Total Internal of Reflection Angles
... designed to carry higher power than conventional fiber, and their wavelength dependent properties can be manipulated to improve their performance in certain applications [5]. The optical fiber is manufacturing from many materials such as silica , fluorides , plastic ( polymer ) or phosphates [ 6], u ...
... designed to carry higher power than conventional fiber, and their wavelength dependent properties can be manipulated to improve their performance in certain applications [5]. The optical fiber is manufacturing from many materials such as silica , fluorides , plastic ( polymer ) or phosphates [ 6], u ...
PDF - Photonics Research Group
... Au/Ge based n-type ohmic contacts are widely used in electronic devices based on III-V materials due to their low contact resistances after annealing [4]. However, the annealing process also leads to metal spiking as a result of Au diffusion at high temperatures. When it comes to membrane photonic d ...
... Au/Ge based n-type ohmic contacts are widely used in electronic devices based on III-V materials due to their low contact resistances after annealing [4]. However, the annealing process also leads to metal spiking as a result of Au diffusion at high temperatures. When it comes to membrane photonic d ...
Full-Text PDF
... researchers from diverse communities. The concept of optofluidics combines optics and microfluidics to exploit novel properties and functionalities. In the very beginning, the unique properties of liquid, such as mobility, fungibility and deformability, initiated the motivation to develop optical el ...
... researchers from diverse communities. The concept of optofluidics combines optics and microfluidics to exploit novel properties and functionalities. In the very beginning, the unique properties of liquid, such as mobility, fungibility and deformability, initiated the motivation to develop optical el ...
Resolution Power And Intensity Distribution Using Synthetic Square
... The line spread function has been solved by using the program (MathCAD) for the ideal optical system or contains focus error (W20=0.5λ,1λ,2λ) and when contains spherical aberration (W40=0.5λ,1λ) or coma aberration (W31=0.5λ) with different value of rotation angle (Ψ=0,90,180). The apertures which ta ...
... The line spread function has been solved by using the program (MathCAD) for the ideal optical system or contains focus error (W20=0.5λ,1λ,2λ) and when contains spherical aberration (W40=0.5λ,1λ) or coma aberration (W31=0.5λ) with different value of rotation angle (Ψ=0,90,180). The apertures which ta ...
High luminance hybrid light guide plate for
... efficiency improves to 1.3 times and the normalized on-axis luminance improves to 3.7 times. This hybrid backlight module can be used in products that require high brightness, such as small size laptops, tablet PC, and 3D displays module. It can also be used in the display devices that are more ener ...
... efficiency improves to 1.3 times and the normalized on-axis luminance improves to 3.7 times. This hybrid backlight module can be used in products that require high brightness, such as small size laptops, tablet PC, and 3D displays module. It can also be used in the display devices that are more ener ...
96-ws9-reg-temp - School of Physics
... coils, will not stretch as much as the longer spring when the same force is applied to it by hanging a mass on it. b. The spring constant, k, is given by the extension, x, for a given applied force F: F = -kx or k = F /x. For the same force the longer spring has a greater extension, therefore it ...
... coils, will not stretch as much as the longer spring when the same force is applied to it by hanging a mass on it. b. The spring constant, k, is given by the extension, x, for a given applied force F: F = -kx or k = F /x. For the same force the longer spring has a greater extension, therefore it ...
Waves and Optics - School of Physics
... coils, will not stretch as much as the longer spring when the same force is applied to it by hanging a mass on it. b. The spring constant, k, is given by the extension, ∆x, for a given applied force F: F = -k∆x or k = F /∆x. For the same force the longer spring has a greater extension, therefore it ...
... coils, will not stretch as much as the longer spring when the same force is applied to it by hanging a mass on it. b. The spring constant, k, is given by the extension, ∆x, for a given applied force F: F = -k∆x or k = F /∆x. For the same force the longer spring has a greater extension, therefore it ...
Fast-Response Liquid Crystal Microlens
... nano-PDLC is larger than that of the NOA65 (np = 1.524), and the incident light can be focused (Figure 2a). At the voltage-on state, the LC directors are reoriented along the electric field direction, and effective refractive index in the plane perpendicular to the electric field is decreased. Accor ...
... nano-PDLC is larger than that of the NOA65 (np = 1.524), and the incident light can be focused (Figure 2a). At the voltage-on state, the LC directors are reoriented along the electric field direction, and effective refractive index in the plane perpendicular to the electric field is decreased. Accor ...
Absorption and fluorescence spectra of poly
... Recently it was reported that concentrated solutions and films of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) exhibited fluorescence emission from two ground-state entities1 -. It was hypothesized that the two fluorescing structures were the aromatic unit of the phthalate residue (herein referred to as the ' ...
... Recently it was reported that concentrated solutions and films of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) exhibited fluorescence emission from two ground-state entities1 -. It was hypothesized that the two fluorescing structures were the aromatic unit of the phthalate residue (herein referred to as the ' ...
Asymmetric surface plasmon polariton emission by a dipole emitter
... quantum optics.6 Because of their small mode volume and widely controllable properties, SPPs are considered promising candidates to enable on-chip information technology at optical bandwidths.7,8 The problem of SPP radiation (or, by virtue of time-reversal symmetry, absorption9 ) by classical point ...
... quantum optics.6 Because of their small mode volume and widely controllable properties, SPPs are considered promising candidates to enable on-chip information technology at optical bandwidths.7,8 The problem of SPP radiation (or, by virtue of time-reversal symmetry, absorption9 ) by classical point ...
RAY OPTICS
... Ray optics is the simplest theory of light. Light is described by rays that travel in different optical media in accordance with a set of geometrical rules. Ray optics is therefore also called geometrical optics. Ray optics is an approximate theory. Although it adequately describes most of our daily ...
... Ray optics is the simplest theory of light. Light is described by rays that travel in different optical media in accordance with a set of geometrical rules. Ray optics is therefore also called geometrical optics. Ray optics is an approximate theory. Although it adequately describes most of our daily ...
MEMS for micro optics: from fiber optic communication to display
... mirror to demonstrate logical NOR circuit function as shown in Figure 7(b). Since the mirror was set to tilt in a digital manner (until it made contact to the substrate), the reflection could be read as an output from a NOR circuit, which gave output “1” when either one of the input light signals we ...
... mirror to demonstrate logical NOR circuit function as shown in Figure 7(b). Since the mirror was set to tilt in a digital manner (until it made contact to the substrate), the reflection could be read as an output from a NOR circuit, which gave output “1” when either one of the input light signals we ...
Experiment 24 - School of Physics
... housed in a clear plastic box to exclude drafts and to keep the optics clean. Light from the source is split at the dielectric beamsplitter B. Approximately half the light is transmitted to the mirror M1 while the other half is reflected to the mirror M . A second glass plate called the compensator ...
... housed in a clear plastic box to exclude drafts and to keep the optics clean. Light from the source is split at the dielectric beamsplitter B. Approximately half the light is transmitted to the mirror M1 while the other half is reflected to the mirror M . A second glass plate called the compensator ...
45.Z-scan measurement of the nonlinear refractive index of graphene
... reported in [5]. From this value of I sat , we can calculate the nonlinear absorption coefficient β that appears in [13]. The maximum transmittance difference for threelayer graphene is ΔT 0 5.1%, indicating almost complete saturation of the absorption. Measurement of the maximal transmittance dif ...
... reported in [5]. From this value of I sat , we can calculate the nonlinear absorption coefficient β that appears in [13]. The maximum transmittance difference for threelayer graphene is ΔT 0 5.1%, indicating almost complete saturation of the absorption. Measurement of the maximal transmittance dif ...
Phase change phenomena during high power laser
... ‘1’ for the first several nanoseconds, which corresponds to the period before generation of the plume. Transmissivity starts to decrease at an earlier time at higher laser fluences since evaporation occurs earlier at higher fluences. It can be seen that the plume generation time obtained in this exp ...
... ‘1’ for the first several nanoseconds, which corresponds to the period before generation of the plume. Transmissivity starts to decrease at an earlier time at higher laser fluences since evaporation occurs earlier at higher fluences. It can be seen that the plume generation time obtained in this exp ...
Continuous wave Nd:YAG channel waveguide laser produced by
... A conventional end-face coupling optical system was used to measure the modal profiles of the waveguides at wavelength of 632.8 nm by using a He-Ne laser. The 2D refractive index (n) profiles of the waveguides were reconstructed and the light propagation was simulated by using the finite-difference ...
... A conventional end-face coupling optical system was used to measure the modal profiles of the waveguides at wavelength of 632.8 nm by using a He-Ne laser. The 2D refractive index (n) profiles of the waveguides were reconstructed and the light propagation was simulated by using the finite-difference ...
An analogy strategy for transformation optics Yao Chen Liu
... Although the field line patterns may become abstract with multipoles, the key point is that all streamlines terminate at a finite area where the sinks locate. Furthermore, in analogy to fluid mechanics, the functions describing basic flows can be organized as mathematical building blocks to create compl ...
... Although the field line patterns may become abstract with multipoles, the key point is that all streamlines terminate at a finite area where the sinks locate. Furthermore, in analogy to fluid mechanics, the functions describing basic flows can be organized as mathematical building blocks to create compl ...
The Microscope in a Computer: Image Synthesis from Three
... in which η0 = (µ0 /ǫ0 )1/2 is the wave impedance of free space. Although alternative terminologies do exist, we will use the term light intensity or simply intensity for the radiated power per unit area. The light intensity is a direct measure of the signal collected by recording media that convert ...
... in which η0 = (µ0 /ǫ0 )1/2 is the wave impedance of free space. Although alternative terminologies do exist, we will use the term light intensity or simply intensity for the radiated power per unit area. The light intensity is a direct measure of the signal collected by recording media that convert ...
oltmanns-Diffraction and Interference
... As we can see, the data from the double slit is clearly better than that of the single slit (table 1). In fact, the error for the single slit should probably be worse than what it is. Having multiple slits provides a sharper peak. This is why I say that the error should probably be worse. We didn’t ...
... As we can see, the data from the double slit is clearly better than that of the single slit (table 1). In fact, the error for the single slit should probably be worse than what it is. Having multiple slits provides a sharper peak. This is why I say that the error should probably be worse. We didn’t ...
Strong Dispersive and Nonlinear Optical Properties of
... The lowest attainable switching energy is obtained when the pulsewidth is of the order of the cavity lifetime (inverse of the resonator bandwidth). This is easily understood because a longer pulse with the same peak power will carry more energy but not be any more effective at switching. A shorter pu ...
... The lowest attainable switching energy is obtained when the pulsewidth is of the order of the cavity lifetime (inverse of the resonator bandwidth). This is easily understood because a longer pulse with the same peak power will carry more energy but not be any more effective at switching. A shorter pu ...
Surface plasmon resonance microscopy
Surface Plasmon Resonance Microscopy (SPRM) is a label free analytical tool that combines the surface plasmon resonance of metallic surfaces with imaging of the metallic surface.The heterogeneity of the refractive index of the metallic surface imparts high contrast images, caused by the shift in the resonance angle.SPRM can achieve a thickness sensitivity of few tenths of nanometer and lateral resolution achieves values of micrometer scale.SPRM is used to characterize surfaces, self-assembled monolayers, multilayer films, metal nanoparticles, oligonucleotides arrays, binding and reduction reactions.Surface Plasmon polaritons are surface electromagnetic waves coupled to oscillating free electrons of a metallic surface that propagate along a metal/dielectric interface.Since polaritons are highly sensitive to small changes in the refractive index of the metallic material,it can be used as a biosensing tool that does not require labeling. SPRM measurements can be made in real-time.Wang and collaborators studied the binding kinetics of membrane proteins in single cells.The experimental setup of an SPRM can be seen in the Figure 1, where an adherent cell is grown on a gold film and placed in an inverted microscope, p-polarized light was used to create the surface plasmons on the gold film and a CCD camera was used to create the SPR image.