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holographic relief map production by using topograhic line maps
holographic relief map production by using topograhic line maps

... because Gabor did not have the correct light source to make crisp, clear holograms as we can today nor did he use the off axis reference beam. What was the light source he needed? The LASER, which was first made to operate in 1960. LASER stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radia ...
Halogen Lamp Ultraviolet Output
Halogen Lamp Ultraviolet Output

... preventing ejection of such fragments must be used.” Properly designed light fixtures will have a glass cover that strongly attenuates the shorter wavelength UV as well as containing possible bulb fragments. If this cover is missing, the light fixture should not be used. ...
The Ultrasound Machine
The Ultrasound Machine

TIE-41 Large Optical Glass Blanks
TIE-41 Large Optical Glass Blanks

Optical measurement of the axial eye length by laser Doppler
Optical measurement of the axial eye length by laser Doppler

... interferometer plates step by step (1 step about 25 nm) over a distance of about 5 mm. At each step, the operator has to look for an interference pattern of poor contrast. A skilled operator needs about 15 min for one measurement. Because this is as tiresome for the investigator as for the patient ( ...
Index of Refraction (IoR) Technology for
Index of Refraction (IoR) Technology for

... Most biopharmaceutical products and processes, from the most basic applications to the highly complex, require advanced process analytical techniques (PAT). Processes ranging from media and buffer preparation to chromatography and sanitization require liquid chemical concentration and temperature mo ...
Phase contrast and interference microscopy with the electron
Phase contrast and interference microscopy with the electron

... specimen can also be focused in this plane by adjusting the objective lens current, so that, if desired, the microscope can now be used as a true interference microscope of the sort built by Fert, Faget, Fagot & Ferre (1962). The standard high resolution stage was fitted when using the microscope as ...
microscopy DAMOP poster - Yavuz Lab!
microscopy DAMOP poster - Yavuz Lab!

... We proceed by considering general parameters to understand the scanning speed that this method demands. A first realizable experiment of this microscopy scheme may include a nanotube mounted in an ultracold atomic cloud, similar to Fig. 3. The cloud can be obtained through standard Magneto-Optical T ...
Sébastien Guenneau (Institut Fresnel, UMR CNRS 7249 à Aix
Sébastien Guenneau (Institut Fresnel, UMR CNRS 7249 à Aix

... so that vulnerable buildings could someday be shielded from damaging earthquakes by surrounding them with seismic invisibility cloaks. A first prototype of such a seismic cloak has been tested experimentally in 2012 (http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.112.133901) by the soil dy ...
Second-harmonic generation of amplified femtosecond Ti:sapphire
Second-harmonic generation of amplified femtosecond Ti:sapphire

... In our experiments we measured the SHG efficiency in KDP crystals of four different lengths: 3, 5, 10, and 40 mm. We also performed similar measurements in LiIO3 crystals of 5-, 10-, and 15-mm lengths and in a BBO crystal of 3-mm length. We used a 300-mm focal-length cylindrical lens to focus the be ...
Document
Document

... • Image – Specimen bright against background – Ratio of intensities ...
Increasing the blue-shift of a supercontinuum by
Increasing the blue-shift of a supercontinuum by

... to be concentrated in a specific spectral region where other lasers are not readily available. To achieve spectral energy at wavelengths longer than provided by a given pump laser, one can use the soliton self-frequency shift to simply red-shift the laser pulse over a desired wavelength range. This ...
Capacity of coherent free-space optical links using
Capacity of coherent free-space optical links using

... characterize the statistics of heterodyne optical systems by assuming a highly simplified model of atmospheric effects [8,9]. An alternate approach, aimed at overcoming the limitations of previous work, is based on numerical simulation of heterodyne optical systems [10]. Unfortunately, none of these ...
Wang Lecture - math550mathsciencetechnology
Wang Lecture - math550mathsciencetechnology

... the polarization states of light. They are made from one or more pieces of birefringent crystals. Each wave plate has a fast axis and a slow axis. Inside the crystal, the incident light is separated into two lights, each has refractive indices no and ne, and is polarized parallel to the fast or slow ...
An Optical Pulse Generator from a Sinusoidal Optical Signal Using
An Optical Pulse Generator from a Sinusoidal Optical Signal Using

Microwave frequency generation using a dual
Microwave frequency generation using a dual

... Dual-frequency lasers have many potential applications such as soliton pulse train generation [1], heterodyne interferometry for distance measurement [2], and optical sensing [3]. Dual-mode lasers are also of interest for their potential in generating radio-frequency signals for microwave applicatio ...
Coherent Laser Beam Addition: Application of Binary-Optics Technology An
Coherent Laser Beam Addition: Application of Binary-Optics Technology An

PDF
PDF

Scanning transmission soft x-ray microscopy at beamline X
Scanning transmission soft x-ray microscopy at beamline X

... preservation in biological specimens8. This system has also been used for demonstrations of tomographic imaging, including a reconstruction of a frozen hydrated fibroblast at approximately 100x100x250 nm resolution9. Recent studies with the cryoSTXM by T. Beetz of Stony Brook have centered on a more ...
Integral holography: white-light single-shot hologram
Integral holography: white-light single-shot hologram

... projections, required for the synthesis of a hologram with an acceptable resolution. In the current paper, we present a new method for obtaining digital holograms. This method employs a microlens array (MLA), a device that is usually used in the integral imaging field [5,6], in order to capture mult ...
Generation of radially and azimuthally polarized light by optical
Generation of radially and azimuthally polarized light by optical

... The discovery of extraordinary optical transmission through periodic arrays of subwavelength apertures in metal films has inspired considerable research interest owing to both its intriguing underlying physics and potential applications in a variety of fields such as quantum optics, optical waveleng ...
PROJECT TEM
PROJECT TEM

... and a Cs value of 1 µm, a theoretical cut-off value might be 1/qmax = 42 pm. The same microscope without a corrector would have Cs = 0.5 mm and thus a 200-pm cut-off Practically, the spherical aberrations are suppressed in the best, "aberration-corrected" microscopes. Their resolution is however lim ...


Measurement of the dispersion of air and of refractive index
Measurement of the dispersion of air and of refractive index

... information plays a crucial role. The coherence of the process allows implementing interferometric tools based on the relative dephasing of the fundamental and double-frequency beams. Several versions of second harmonic interferometry exist [22,23], all based on the generation of second harmonic lig ...
VII-3
VII-3

... • It’s in principle multiple parallel slits. At present gratings can be made very precisely with very high densities of slits of the order of 104 lines per centimeter. Gratings can be made both for transmission and reflection. • The condition for principal maxima is the same as with the double slits ...
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Harold Hopkins (physicist)

Harold Horace Hopkins FRS (1918–1994) was a renowned British physicist. His Wave Theory of Aberrations, (published by Oxford University Press 1950), is central to all modern optical design and provides the mathematical analysis which enables the use of computers to create the wealth of high quality lenses available today. In addition to his theoretical work, his many inventions are in daily use throughout the world. These include zoom lenses, coherent fibre-optics and more recently the rod-lens endoscopes which 'opened the door' to modern key-hole surgery. He was the recipient of many of the world's most prestigious awards and was twice nominated for a Nobel Prize. His citation on receiving the Rumford Medal from the Royal Society in 1984 stated: ""In recognition of his many contributions to the theory and design of optical instruments, especially of a wide variety of important new medical instruments which have made a major contribution to clinical diagnosis and surgery.""
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