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What you will need to remember from year 10…
What you will need to remember from year 10…

... refracted towards the normal because it changes its speed, direction and wavelength, as it exits the prism it enters a less optically dense medium (air) and again is refracted this time away from the normal. The shorter wavelength blue light travels faster and is bent more than the longer wavelength ...
Notes for Class 14, April 21
Notes for Class 14, April 21

... Moti Nissani, What Is Science? • Difficult or impossible to give a dictionarytype definition for science • (DB) Working scientists rarely think about the history or philosophy of science • Start with philosophy of Thales – free ...
Quantum Physics
Quantum Physics

... by none other than Albert Einstein. He was most famous for his Theory of Relativity, but he won his Nobel Prize for Physics due to this theory (photoelectric effect) which assumed that light may be considered as a stream of photons. The equation that summarises the photoelectric effect was named Ein ...
Introduction to Spectroscopic Methods ver.2
Introduction to Spectroscopic Methods ver.2

Laboratory Studies of Organic Chemistry in Space A. Ciaravella
Laboratory Studies of Organic Chemistry in Space A. Ciaravella

... InterStellar Medium (ISM) overview ISM composition Dust and Ice Mantles : synthesis of complex molecules ...
Notes 6 - University of Northern Iowa
Notes 6 - University of Northern Iowa

... layer producing more carbon and oxygen. This goes on until the helium fusion layer reaches the base of the old hydrogen fusion layer. The presence of the hot helium fusion layer causes the hydrogen fusion to start up again, which has a stabilizing effect on the core. Since hydrogen fusion produces ...
Single Slit Diffraction & Gratings
Single Slit Diffraction & Gratings

... pattern becomes (a) smaller, (b) larger, or (c) remains the same. ...
Estimating the redshift of PKS 0447−439 through its GeV–TeV
Estimating the redshift of PKS 0447−439 through its GeV–TeV

... magnetic field intensity, the electron density, the radius of the emitting region and its Doppler factor. We also report the derived power carried by electrons, magnetic field, protons (assuming one cold proton per emitting relativistic electron) and the total radiative luminosity. ...
Astronomy From Å to ZZ — Howard L. Cohen
Astronomy From Å to ZZ — Howard L. Cohen

... Parallax is the apparent change in the direction of an object, caused by a change in the observer’s position. ...
The Origin of Water on Earth
The Origin of Water on Earth

... quasars were at their most active. If the ratio between these intensities were constant in space, then so ought to be the ratio of hydrogen and He II densities. As shown by Kriss et al., there is evidence for significant fluctuations in this ratio and hence for variations in the ratio of background ...
Stars part 2
Stars part 2

... Stars are theorized to evolve through six stages of development… 1. Protostar Stage – the gravitational collapse of a gaseous cloud mass. • The collapse may be triggered by the passing of, the eruption of, or the explosion of a near-by star. • Energy production is described by the “Helmholtz Contrac ...
Post main sequence evolution
Post main sequence evolution

... Where can we find it? Molecular Clouds Once we have enough material, it actually needs to collapse (gravity will take care of that) into a star. Stars are always born in clusters, where the majority of stars are low-mass stars. To determine the proportion of low-mass stars relative to highmass stars ...
PHYS_3342_120611
PHYS_3342_120611

... medium – electrons respond to the wave and produce their own timevarying fields Such responses are medium-specific and generally depend on the frequency of the wave (because electrons have their own natural frequencies of motion in this particular medium) Some frequency ranges can be prohibited – th ...
File - Mrs. Hille`s FunZone
File - Mrs. Hille`s FunZone

Longer Exercises for the JPEG Viewer
Longer Exercises for the JPEG Viewer

... 1. Click the Get new image button and import this image of Jupiter. 2. Enter the name Jupiter, the image image width and the distance of Jupiter from the telescope into the JPEG Viewer, making sure that you choose the correct units. 3. Now measure the diameter of Jupiter as follows: d. click the gre ...
8.4 White Dwarfs
8.4 White Dwarfs

... Loose protons and electrons near the surface of the neutron star will be sweep up and stream along the magnetic field lines towards the north and south magnetic poles of the neutron star. The magnetic axis of the neutron star does not necessarily have to be aligned with the rotation axis (like the ...
H. Other Methods of Determining Stellar Distances
H. Other Methods of Determining Stellar Distances

... • The parallax method used for the Moon won’t work for stars; the baseline (the diameter of the Earth) is too short. • Instead, the baseline must be the diameter of the Earth’s orbit. • Even with a baseline of 186 million miles, the parallax is very small – generally less than 1 arcsecond! • Recall ...
Distribution of alkali gases in Io`s atmosphere
Distribution of alkali gases in Io`s atmosphere

Atoms, X-rays and Synchrotron Radiation
Atoms, X-rays and Synchrotron Radiation

... Electromagnetic radiation can be used to push electrons, freeing them from the surface of a solid. This process is called the photoelectric effect (or photoelectric emission or photoemission), a material that can exhibit this phenomena is said to be photoemissive, and the ejected electrons are calle ...
Sensors - UCLA IEEE Micromouse
Sensors - UCLA IEEE Micromouse

... How sharp of an angle the LED emits light at ...
The Sun - SAASTA
The Sun - SAASTA

the gzipped ps-file - INFN-LNF
the gzipped ps-file - INFN-LNF

creation of a cosmology: big bang theory _eng
creation of a cosmology: big bang theory _eng

... Around the same time the Dutch astronomer Willem deSitter used Einstein's general theory of relativity to develop his own model of the Universe. His model was unique in that it did not take into consideration the existence of matter in the Universe. However it did go beyond Einstein's model in that ...
Interference
Interference

... fields add according to the superposition principle. If the two waves are in phase, they add constructively to produce a new wave with greater amplitude. If the two waves are 180° out of phase and have the same amplitude, they add destructively - the combined amplitude is zero. The result of adding ...
What is Optics? Photonics?
What is Optics? Photonics?

... • Think of optics as the science of light. It’s a branch of physics that describes the behavior and properties of light and the interaction of light with matter. It’s about what light is made of and how it behaves. • Light allows us to see, but it also transmits sound, cuts things, and controls elec ...
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Astronomical spectroscopy



Astronomical spectroscopy is the study of astronomy using the techniques of spectroscopy to measure the spectrum of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light, which radiates from stars and other hot celestial objects. Spectroscopy can be used to derive many properties of distant stars and galaxies, such as their chemical composition, temperature, density, mass, distance, luminosity, and relative motion using Doppler shift measurements.
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