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Framework - MGW - 2011 - Open Evidence Archive
Framework - MGW - 2011 - Open Evidence Archive

... set of possibilities, merging into one another, that describe the logical possibilities created by the characteristics defining the end points. For example, a political system defined primarily by equality would have a perfectly inegalitarian system described at the other end, and the possible state ...
Interest Groups and Political Attitudes
Interest Groups and Political Attitudes

... 1986). Even if one argument is not particularly influential, at least one of several arguments offered will be. Even if one source is not credible or persuasive, at least one of several sources will be. Groups may also form lobbying coalitions with other groups under various circumstances (Salisbury ...
Perceiving Political Polarization in the United States: Party Identity
Perceiving Political Polarization in the United States: Party Identity

... education, in order to reduce spending. Suppose these people are at one end of a scale, at point 1. Other people feel that it is important for the government to provide many more services even if it means an increase in spending. Suppose these people are at the other end, at point 7. And of course, ...
The Experimental Political Scientist
The Experimental Political Scientist

... flows from substantive expertise of scholars across political science and the social sciences more generally. The new Section provides a forum for scholarly exchange about experimental design and analysis, helping researchers translate their substantive questions into workable and informative experi ...
Corporate Political Activities Statement
Corporate Political Activities Statement

... legislative process. Because of the potential impact of public policy on our business, employees, and customers, we engage in the political process at the local, state and federal levels. Political Contributions Citi’s political action committees (PACs) are funded through voluntary contributions fro ...
Modern Indian Social And Political Thought
Modern Indian Social And Political Thought

... saluted him as “an admired and beloved fellow worker in the cause of humanity.” Ram Mohan Roy was born in 1774 in the district of Hoogly in Bengal. Born in a notable Brahmin family in an era of orthodoxy, he grew up amid social evils and religious prejudices. At the age of nine, he had to marry two ...
Official PDF , 44 pages - World bank documents
Official PDF , 44 pages - World bank documents

... these measures and various indicators of economic performance. For example, Djankov et al. found that, while the total cost of opening a medium-size business in the United States was less than 0.02 percent of GDP per capita in 1999, the same cost was 2.7 percent of GDP per capita in Nigeria, 1.16 pe ...
Text - Natalie Koch
Text - Natalie Koch

... academic scholars – each equipped with different methodological tools – have interpreted nationalism in various ways. Such interpretations have often been contradictory, evincing highly varied perspectives on the history, present and future of this perplexing phenomenon. For some nationalists (but f ...
Political ecology and the epistemology of social justice
Political ecology and the epistemology of social justice

... This approach was later expanded in Blaikie’s single-authored book, The Political Economy of Soil Erosion in Developing Countries (1985), This work both elaborated the political discussion of erosion’s causes and impacts, and recognized the diverse social contexts in which erosion is considered prob ...
hegemony, radical democracy, populism
hegemony, radical democracy, populism

... of such attempts at generating order – through hegemonization – can be introduced. Precisely because the fact of heterogeneity mean that orders are always failed and identities within them always deficient, hegemony is never definitively established, but better understood as a process. Thus conceive ...
Power Politics and Contentious Issues: Realism
Power Politics and Contentious Issues: Realism

... Second, issues vary in salience (or importance), and this variation affects leaders' decisions with respect to issues: "leaders may be willing to expend greater effort (and to risk higher costs) to achieve favorable settlements on highly salient issues than on issues that are accorded less importanc ...
- LSE Research Online
- LSE Research Online

... the key link between citizens and democratic leadership. Political parties are fundamental to democratic competition and representation. Indeed, many see democracy as “unthinkable” without political parties (Schattschneider 1942: 1). However, despite generations of political science research on poli ...
Gallo WPSA The Republican Tragedy
Gallo WPSA The Republican Tragedy

... an almost religious devotion to the founding principles expressed in the U.S. Constitution. However, as numerous scholars have pointed out (Lutz 1984; Smith 1993; Frank 2012; among many others), American political thought is not so nearly one-sided that a single ideological source is responsible for ...
Volume 22: April 2014 - International Association for Political
Volume 22: April 2014 - International Association for Political

... For now, I will leave you with the excellent articles this issue’s authors have submitted. The topics covered are very heterogeneous and diverse, and I am sure you will find many that suit your likes. Should you have any questions, please feel free to contact Alexandru Volacu directly at ...
1 Political Parties, Motivated Reasoning, and Public Opinion
1 Political Parties, Motivated Reasoning, and Public Opinion

... the key link between citizens and democratic leadership. Political parties are fundamental to democratic competition and representation. Indeed, many see democracy as “unthinkable” without political parties (Schattschneider 1942: 1). However, despite generations of political science research on poli ...
A ttitudes, Uncertain t
A ttitudes, Uncertain t

... When respondents are forced to give a point estimate for the location of some object (be it self or other), they must somehow reduce the probability distribution which represents their perception of possible locations, to a single point. If there is a loss function associated with errors in estimate ...
Off the wall political discourse: Facebook use in the 2008 US
Off the wall political discourse: Facebook use in the 2008 US

... (“real”) life. Since participants’ activities can be seen by their friends (in fact, activities in Facebook are broadcast to friends), they are more likely to reflect real interests and opinions (sincerity), and they are open to challenge. Finally, anyone may post on a candidate’s Facebook site (at ...
The Populist Signal
The Populist Signal

... Policy Network is an international thinktank and research institute. Its network spans national borders across Europe and the wider world with the aim of promoting the best progressive thinking on the major social and economic challenges of the 21st century. Our work is driven by a network of politi ...


... right of free speech including the protections for anything that insults or defames religions. Thus, in keeping the focus on political intolerance, respondents are being asked to extend the constitutional right of free speech to criticize churches and religion. From this vantage point, it is possibl ...
Democracy, war initiation, and victory.
Democracy, war initiation, and victory.

... resources for the military. Yet, one important reason states extract rents is to increase military spending, so fewer rents also would mean a smaller percentage of GDP devoted to military spending. Hence, the model does not necessarily predict that democracies devote more resources to military spend ...
Political Efficacy on the Internet: A Media System Dependency
Political Efficacy on the Internet: A Media System Dependency

... access to information (Loges & Ball-Rokeach, 1993). The theory provides a conceptual typology of dependency dimensions based on the nature of goals attained by individuals through media use. Under that classification, major information goals include understanding one's social environment, orientatio ...
Patience as the Rational Foundation of Sociotropic
Patience as the Rational Foundation of Sociotropic

... provision, in addition to revolting against the dictator. People who discount the future less can see and calculate the future benefit they will receive from a stable and democratic government; therefore, they are more willing to invest their time and resources to cooperate with other players rather ...
Fear of Democracy or Revolution: The Reaction
Fear of Democracy or Revolution: The Reaction

... as positive on the microeconomic level. The Andijon as a sign that agricultural and natural resource sectors that Uzbekistan was underpin the economy are not generating suf‘infected with the ficient jobs to keep pace with Uzbekistan’s growing population and expanding labor force. contagion of revolt ...
Federalism and Its Discontents - Foundation for Law, Justice and
Federalism and Its Discontents - Foundation for Law, Justice and

... deliberately reductionist (and therefore by definition descriptively incomplete) analytical perspectives. Other factors are held constant in order to isolate the analysis of a causal relationship between a small number of variables. The proposed causal relationship, the literature review on existing ...
Populist Political Communication in Europe
Populist Political Communication in Europe

... sovereignty—which might help explain the appeal of some kinds of populism. These external demand-side factors are layered upon existing divisions between majorities and immigrants and indigenous minorities. Majority fears about ethnic and religious minorities are exploited in most countries where ri ...
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Political spectrum

A political spectrum is a system of classifying different political positions upon one or more geometric axes that symbolize independent political dimensions.Most long-standing spectra include a right wing and left wing, which originally referred to seating arrangements in the French parliament after the Revolution (1789–99). According to the simplest left–right axis, communism and socialism are usually regarded internationally as being on the left, opposite fascism and conservatism on the right. Liberalism can mean different things in different contexts, sometimes on the left (social liberalism), sometimes on the right (economic liberalism). Politics that rejects the conventional left–right spectrum is known as syncretic politics. Those with an intermediate outlook are classified as centrists or moderates.Political scientists have frequently noted that a single left–right axis is insufficient for describing the existing variation in political beliefs, and often include other axes. Though the descriptive words at polar opposites may vary, often in popular biaxial spectra the axes are split between sociocultural issues and economic issues, each scaling from some form of individualism (or government for the freedom of the individual) to some form of communitarianism (or government for the welfare of the community). In this context, the contemporary American left is often considered individualist (or libertarian) on sociocultural issues and communitarian (or populist) on economic issues, while the contemporary American right is often considered communitarian (or populist) on sociocultural issues and individualist (or libertarian) on economic issues.
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