2 Theoretical Concepts
... We will use the Green’s function approach in some of the following chapters. ...
... We will use the Green’s function approach in some of the following chapters. ...
Superprism effect based on phase velocities 745
... Here we show that photonic crystals can be used to realize a magnitude of phase-velocity dispersion much larger than that of classical gratings in their grazingangle limit and thus comparable to that achieved with the group-velocity dispersion effects. We present designs of photonic crystal prisms t ...
... Here we show that photonic crystals can be used to realize a magnitude of phase-velocity dispersion much larger than that of classical gratings in their grazingangle limit and thus comparable to that achieved with the group-velocity dispersion effects. We present designs of photonic crystal prisms t ...
EM Waves
... Examples Unpolarized light can be thought of as a collection of many separate light waves, each linearly-polarized in different and random directions. A The intensity is reduced to 1/2 by the first polarizer: I out = (I in cos2 θ) avg = ...
... Examples Unpolarized light can be thought of as a collection of many separate light waves, each linearly-polarized in different and random directions. A The intensity is reduced to 1/2 by the first polarizer: I out = (I in cos2 θ) avg = ...
A 100-mA Negative Hydrogen-Ion Source for Accelerators
... of its edges is 1 mm). In the wall (2) behind the emission slit, the anode groove is made of 1 mm deep. cell has been The geometry of the gas-discharge chosen according to the concepts of the surfaceplasma source operation principles2 taking into account conditions for the discharge ignition and bur ...
... of its edges is 1 mm). In the wall (2) behind the emission slit, the anode groove is made of 1 mm deep. cell has been The geometry of the gas-discharge chosen according to the concepts of the surfaceplasma source operation principles2 taking into account conditions for the discharge ignition and bur ...
Ch-27
... (I) How much total kinetic energy will an electron-positron pair have if produced by a 3.64-MeV photon? ...
... (I) How much total kinetic energy will an electron-positron pair have if produced by a 3.64-MeV photon? ...
Pearson Education - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
... This module is about more than just resistance. It is about the meaning of the word ‘resistance’ and the resistance, and hence the behaviour, of the many different components that are used in electrical and electronic circuits. Some electrical components are very low-tech. For example, the heating e ...
... This module is about more than just resistance. It is about the meaning of the word ‘resistance’ and the resistance, and hence the behaviour, of the many different components that are used in electrical and electronic circuits. Some electrical components are very low-tech. For example, the heating e ...
E = ~~! Ek exp {ik (z cos 6 + x sin 6)- iwAt}
... fixed magnetic field in a plasma is analyzed by means of the quasilinear theory. We take account of the interaction between particles and waves that leads to a redistribution of the particles in velocity, causing damping which differs from that appearing in the linear theory. We obtain general formu ...
... fixed magnetic field in a plasma is analyzed by means of the quasilinear theory. We take account of the interaction between particles and waves that leads to a redistribution of the particles in velocity, causing damping which differs from that appearing in the linear theory. We obtain general formu ...
This chapter is the second on electromagnetic waves. We begin with
... the x-z plane which is also the reflection-refraction plane. You will work out the case where vec E_I is transverse to the plane (|| to y-axis) in homework. The figure shows the k-vectors and E-field directions for the incident and reflected waves in slab 1 and the transmitted wave in slab 2. Three ...
... the x-z plane which is also the reflection-refraction plane. You will work out the case where vec E_I is transverse to the plane (|| to y-axis) in homework. The figure shows the k-vectors and E-field directions for the incident and reflected waves in slab 1 and the transmitted wave in slab 2. Three ...
ECPOL: equations and MAtlAB tools for EC wave reflection and
... vector. Defining δ = δx − δy , Ê is now given by Ê = |Êx |ex + |Êy |e−iδ ey . The temporal evolution of E(t) can then be written as E(t) = |Êx | cos(ωt)ex + |Êy | cos(ωt + δ)ey This equation describes an ellipse in the xy plane. It can be seen that for δ < 0, the Ey component trails the Ex com ...
... vector. Defining δ = δx − δy , Ê is now given by Ê = |Êx |ex + |Êy |e−iδ ey . The temporal evolution of E(t) can then be written as E(t) = |Êx | cos(ωt)ex + |Êy | cos(ωt + δ)ey This equation describes an ellipse in the xy plane. It can be seen that for δ < 0, the Ey component trails the Ex com ...
Holography
... Points of objects close to the hologram reflect or emit spherical waves. Holograms of such objects waves have been known as “Fresnel zone lenses.” The point P which represents the object is located at the distance z0 from thr photographic layer. It emits a spherical wave. Additionally a plane refere ...
... Points of objects close to the hologram reflect or emit spherical waves. Holograms of such objects waves have been known as “Fresnel zone lenses.” The point P which represents the object is located at the distance z0 from thr photographic layer. It emits a spherical wave. Additionally a plane refere ...
EM wave in conductors (note11)
... medium. The conduction current in a conductor is the cause of the difference. We shall analyze the source terms in the Maxwell’s equations to simplify Maxwell’s equations in a conductor. From this set of equations, we can derive a diffusion equation and investigate the skin effects. §3.4.1 Skin Effects ...
... medium. The conduction current in a conductor is the cause of the difference. We shall analyze the source terms in the Maxwell’s equations to simplify Maxwell’s equations in a conductor. From this set of equations, we can derive a diffusion equation and investigate the skin effects. §3.4.1 Skin Effects ...
Optics Notes - TCD Maths home
... interacts with a given dielectric. This provides the key to the physical basis for the frequency-dependence of n. We consider the interaction of an incident em wave with the array of atoms which constitutes the dielectric. An atom reacts to the incoming radiation in two ways. Depending on the freque ...
... interacts with a given dielectric. This provides the key to the physical basis for the frequency-dependence of n. We consider the interaction of an incident em wave with the array of atoms which constitutes the dielectric. An atom reacts to the incoming radiation in two ways. Depending on the freque ...
Chapter 7. Plane Electromagnetic Waves and Wave Propagation
... Not only must the refracted and reflected waves have the same frequency as the incident wave, but also the phases must match everywhere on the boundary to satisfy boundary conditions at all points on the plane at all times: ...
... Not only must the refracted and reflected waves have the same frequency as the incident wave, but also the phases must match everywhere on the boundary to satisfy boundary conditions at all points on the plane at all times: ...
Assembly and Characterization of a High Numerical Aperture
... For most of the experiments using single ultra cold atoms in optical lattices the quantity of interest is the spatial distribution of the atoms. For the observation of initial and final state a high quality imaging system is needed since the lattice constant of an optical lattice [7] is in the order ...
... For most of the experiments using single ultra cold atoms in optical lattices the quantity of interest is the spatial distribution of the atoms. For the observation of initial and final state a high quality imaging system is needed since the lattice constant of an optical lattice [7] is in the order ...
post-peer-review-non-publishers
... excitation source to combine the electromagnetic simulation and ultrasonic simulation together to model EMAT arrays (Figure 5). The 12 calculated alternating Lorentz stresses, S1, S2, S3…S12, are added to the surface of the stainless steel plate as the force source (Equation (6)) of the ultrasonic m ...
... excitation source to combine the electromagnetic simulation and ultrasonic simulation together to model EMAT arrays (Figure 5). The 12 calculated alternating Lorentz stresses, S1, S2, S3…S12, are added to the surface of the stainless steel plate as the force source (Equation (6)) of the ultrasonic m ...
Diffraction
Diffraction refers to various phenomena which occur when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit. In classical physics, the diffraction phenomenon is described as the interference of waves according to the Huygens–Fresnel principle. These characteristic behaviors are exhibited when a wave encounters an obstacle or a slit that is comparable in size to its wavelength. Similar effects occur when a light wave travels through a medium with a varying refractive index, or when a sound wave travels through a medium with varying acoustic impedance. Diffraction occurs with all waves, including sound waves, water waves, and electromagnetic waves such as visible light, X-rays and radio waves.Since physical objects have wave-like properties (at the atomic level), diffraction also occurs with matter and can be studied according to the principles of quantum mechanics. Italian scientist Francesco Maria Grimaldi coined the word ""diffraction"" and was the first to record accurate observations of the phenomenon in 1660.While diffraction occurs whenever propagating waves encounter such changes, its effects are generally most pronounced for waves whose wavelength is roughly comparable to the dimensions of the diffracting object or slit. If the obstructing object provides multiple, closely spaced openings, a complex pattern of varying intensity can result. This is due to the addition, or interference, of different parts of a wave that travels to the observer by different paths, where different path lengths result in different phases (see diffraction grating and wave superposition). The formalism of diffraction can also describe the way in which waves of finite extent propagate in free space. For example, the expanding profile of a laser beam, the beam shape of a radar antenna and the field of view of an ultrasonic transducer can all be analyzed using diffraction equations.