![Enhancing the emission directionality of organic light-emitting diodes by using](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008906020_1-5249f2c0ac113b072d8de0a8d1e2152d-300x300.png)
Enhancing the emission directionality of organic light-emitting diodes by using
... direction of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Many aspects of OLEDs have been comprehensively studied and well controlled including power efficiency, chromaticity, and color stability, yet the directionality of the emission has received little attention. Directional emission could be useful fo ...
... direction of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Many aspects of OLEDs have been comprehensively studied and well controlled including power efficiency, chromaticity, and color stability, yet the directionality of the emission has received little attention. Directional emission could be useful fo ...
Effect of Macroscopic Structure in Iridescent Color
... smaller than the visible wavelength. Thus, the first- and higher-order diffraction spots do not appear for the visible light. Moreover, the angular spread of the scattering wave is suppressed as the result of the destructive interference owing to the flatness of the array. In Fig. 5, we show this ef ...
... smaller than the visible wavelength. Thus, the first- and higher-order diffraction spots do not appear for the visible light. Moreover, the angular spread of the scattering wave is suppressed as the result of the destructive interference owing to the flatness of the array. In Fig. 5, we show this ef ...
Optics and Photonics H. A. Haus
... identical square cavities in a 3/1 index-contrast system as shown in Fig.1. Each square's side is only 1.66 microns and the whole system is less than 5 microns in each direction. The FDTD simulations have qualitatively verified the predictions of CMT but also revealed the sensitivity to the design p ...
... identical square cavities in a 3/1 index-contrast system as shown in Fig.1. Each square's side is only 1.66 microns and the whole system is less than 5 microns in each direction. The FDTD simulations have qualitatively verified the predictions of CMT but also revealed the sensitivity to the design p ...
ap physics b
... • Wavelength: The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the adjacent wave. Wavelength is symbolized with the Greek letter, lambda, λ. It is measured in units of length. • Frequency: The number of waves per unit time. The symbol for frequency is “f” unless it is electromagnetic frequenc ...
... • Wavelength: The distance from the crest of one wave to the crest of the adjacent wave. Wavelength is symbolized with the Greek letter, lambda, λ. It is measured in units of length. • Frequency: The number of waves per unit time. The symbol for frequency is “f” unless it is electromagnetic frequenc ...
plane-polarized
... Superposition of two waves: 1) same amplitude and wavelength, 2) polarized in two perpendicular planes, 3) oscillate with 90o phase difference. A phase difference of 90° means that when one wave is at its peak then the other one is just crossing the zero line. Special electromagnetic wave. At any f ...
... Superposition of two waves: 1) same amplitude and wavelength, 2) polarized in two perpendicular planes, 3) oscillate with 90o phase difference. A phase difference of 90° means that when one wave is at its peak then the other one is just crossing the zero line. Special electromagnetic wave. At any f ...
5. Reflection, refraction and polarization
... Consider a beam with its polarization axis exactly halfway between the two (x and y) crystal axes incident upon a birefringent crystal, as illustrated in Figure 5.4. For the incident beam, the x- and y-components of the electric field have the same amplitude: E0/2⋅cos(ω(t -nairz/c)). Spatially, the ...
... Consider a beam with its polarization axis exactly halfway between the two (x and y) crystal axes incident upon a birefringent crystal, as illustrated in Figure 5.4. For the incident beam, the x- and y-components of the electric field have the same amplitude: E0/2⋅cos(ω(t -nairz/c)). Spatially, the ...
PPTX - University of Toronto Physics
... where n is the index of refraction of the coating, d is the thickness, and is the wavelength of the light in vacuum or air. For a particular thin-film, constructive or destructive interference depends on the wavelength of the light: ...
... where n is the index of refraction of the coating, d is the thickness, and is the wavelength of the light in vacuum or air. For a particular thin-film, constructive or destructive interference depends on the wavelength of the light: ...
Balmer_Prism2007
... The First Session: Prism Monochromator It is the overall aim of this lab to use optical spectroscopy to unravel some of the physics associated with the hydrogen atom, i.e., investigate the Balmer Lines. To do this it is first important to understand optical spectroscopy and useful to study the spect ...
... The First Session: Prism Monochromator It is the overall aim of this lab to use optical spectroscopy to unravel some of the physics associated with the hydrogen atom, i.e., investigate the Balmer Lines. To do this it is first important to understand optical spectroscopy and useful to study the spect ...
07-HW7 - Rose
... 21.73. Model: The amplitude is determined by the interference of the two waves. Visualize: Please refer to Figure P21.73. Solve: (a) We have three identical loudspeakers as sources. r between speakers 1 and 2 is 1.0 m and 2.0 m. Thus r 21 , which gives perfect destructive interference for ...
... 21.73. Model: The amplitude is determined by the interference of the two waves. Visualize: Please refer to Figure P21.73. Solve: (a) We have three identical loudspeakers as sources. r between speakers 1 and 2 is 1.0 m and 2.0 m. Thus r 21 , which gives perfect destructive interference for ...
A Laser Module for 100Gbps Digital Coherent Optical Transmission System
... be covered when the temperature adjustment range of the wavelength tunable LD is 30°C or less. Also, in order to simultaneously realize a linewidth of no more than 500 kHz and high optical output, we used a long DFB LD cavity that has a length of 1.2 mm, and also optimally designed the shape of the ...
... be covered when the temperature adjustment range of the wavelength tunable LD is 30°C or less. Also, in order to simultaneously realize a linewidth of no more than 500 kHz and high optical output, we used a long DFB LD cavity that has a length of 1.2 mm, and also optimally designed the shape of the ...
Bright Field Microscopy
... • Dark-field microscopy is most commonly used for imaging small light-diffracting specimens such as diatoms, bacteria and bacterial flagella, isolated organelles and polymers such as cilia, flagella, microtubules, and actin filaments, and silver grains and gold particles in labeled cells and tissues ...
... • Dark-field microscopy is most commonly used for imaging small light-diffracting specimens such as diatoms, bacteria and bacterial flagella, isolated organelles and polymers such as cilia, flagella, microtubules, and actin filaments, and silver grains and gold particles in labeled cells and tissues ...
27 Wave Optics - Wright State University
... The law of refraction can be explained by applying Huygens’s principle to a wavefront passing from one medium to another (see Figure 27.7). Each wavelet in the figure was emitted when the wavefront crossed the interface between the media. Since the speed of light is smaller in the second medium, the ...
... The law of refraction can be explained by applying Huygens’s principle to a wavefront passing from one medium to another (see Figure 27.7). Each wavelet in the figure was emitted when the wavefront crossed the interface between the media. Since the speed of light is smaller in the second medium, the ...
Single-frequency blue light generation by single-pass
... power allowing for higher circulating power compared to SHG where the losses are quadratic.14 The increased losses at high single-pass power will increase the coupling into the cavity as the input mirror M1 transmission ideally should match the losses in the cavity. Taking into account the losses in ...
... power allowing for higher circulating power compared to SHG where the losses are quadratic.14 The increased losses at high single-pass power will increase the coupling into the cavity as the input mirror M1 transmission ideally should match the losses in the cavity. Taking into account the losses in ...
External-cavity diode lasers provide absolute references for WDM
... lengths are optically separated and indi- to check the wavelength performance vidually detected. The transmission of key components such as lasers, filcapacity of an existing fiber link can, ters, and fiber gratings. Wavelength therefore, be instantly increased by a meters, spectrometers, and spectr ...
... lengths are optically separated and indi- to check the wavelength performance vidually detected. The transmission of key components such as lasers, filcapacity of an existing fiber link can, ters, and fiber gratings. Wavelength therefore, be instantly increased by a meters, spectrometers, and spectr ...
Conference title, upper and lower case, bolded, 18 - CHIC
... path is changed via the thermal index change [6,7]. In this approach, the large thermal time constants limit the speed at which the beam can be steered making them unsuitable for real-time and fast applications, such as projection, optical switches, or computing. Thermal crosstalk between adjacent p ...
... path is changed via the thermal index change [6,7]. In this approach, the large thermal time constants limit the speed at which the beam can be steered making them unsuitable for real-time and fast applications, such as projection, optical switches, or computing. Thermal crosstalk between adjacent p ...
the Workshop Document (3)
... a burst as before. The receiver transducer is used to make amplitude measurements at various angles and various frequencies. The theoretical response of the slit is similar to the ...
... a burst as before. The receiver transducer is used to make amplitude measurements at various angles and various frequencies. The theoretical response of the slit is similar to the ...
To determine the wavelength of a monochromatic source of light
... 1. The bed of the optical bench is levelled by a sprit level and the levelling screws. 2. Light source and slit is arranged in order to get the maximum light incident on the slit. 3. The centre of slit, biprism and eye piece is arranged at same height as shown in Figure.1. 4. The slit and biprism ed ...
... 1. The bed of the optical bench is levelled by a sprit level and the levelling screws. 2. Light source and slit is arranged in order to get the maximum light incident on the slit. 3. The centre of slit, biprism and eye piece is arranged at same height as shown in Figure.1. 4. The slit and biprism ed ...
Mirrors form images by reflecting light.
... instruments to extend human vision. For example, the microscope uses a combination of mirrors and lenses to make very small structures visible. Telescopes combine optical tools to extend vision far into space. As you will see, some of the latest optical technology—lasers— use visible light in ways t ...
... instruments to extend human vision. For example, the microscope uses a combination of mirrors and lenses to make very small structures visible. Telescopes combine optical tools to extend vision far into space. As you will see, some of the latest optical technology—lasers— use visible light in ways t ...
Document - DaTARIUS
... mechanism of the pickup. The three beams go though a polarized beam splitter (PBS). This only transmits polarizations parallel to the page. The emerging light (now polarized parallel to the page) is then collimated. The collimated light passes through a quarter-wave plate. This converts it into circ ...
... mechanism of the pickup. The three beams go though a polarized beam splitter (PBS). This only transmits polarizations parallel to the page. The emerging light (now polarized parallel to the page) is then collimated. The collimated light passes through a quarter-wave plate. This converts it into circ ...
Coherent Laser Beam Addition: Application of Binary-Optics Technology An
... power well above single-laser capabilities. Since all lasers are limited in power by physical constraints (gain saturation, optical damage, heat dissipation, modal purity, etc.), these applications require special addition techniques for harnessing the combined power capability of many lasers. The o ...
... power well above single-laser capabilities. Since all lasers are limited in power by physical constraints (gain saturation, optical damage, heat dissipation, modal purity, etc.), these applications require special addition techniques for harnessing the combined power capability of many lasers. The o ...
Snell`s Law
... light travels in a straight-line path in a uniform medium and changes its direction when it meets the surface of a different medium or if the optical properties of the medium are nonuniform ...
... light travels in a straight-line path in a uniform medium and changes its direction when it meets the surface of a different medium or if the optical properties of the medium are nonuniform ...
OPTICAL CONSTANTS OF URANIUM NITRIDE IN THE XUV
... sputtering (Figure 2.1). In this process, a plasma of argon is created in the center of the sputtering chamber using a radio frequency voltage. The plasma is localized above the target using a magnetic field. This allows sputtering to be done at a lower pressure, increasing the deposition rate. An e ...
... sputtering (Figure 2.1). In this process, a plasma of argon is created in the center of the sputtering chamber using a radio frequency voltage. The plasma is localized above the target using a magnetic field. This allows sputtering to be done at a lower pressure, increasing the deposition rate. An e ...
Optical Interconnect and Sensing
... It must be possible to make long, thin flexible fibers from the materials. The material must be transparent at a particular optical wavelength in order for the fiber to guide light efficiently. Physically compatible materials that have slightly different refractive indices for the core and cladding ...
... It must be possible to make long, thin flexible fibers from the materials. The material must be transparent at a particular optical wavelength in order for the fiber to guide light efficiently. Physically compatible materials that have slightly different refractive indices for the core and cladding ...
Basic Interferometry and Optical Testing Two
... (If both gratings had sinusoidal intensity profiles, the resulting moiré would still not have a sinusoidal intensity profile because of higher-order terms.) More complicated gratings, such as circular gratings, can also be investigated. Figure 16.4b shows the superposition of two circular line grati ...
... (If both gratings had sinusoidal intensity profiles, the resulting moiré would still not have a sinusoidal intensity profile because of higher-order terms.) More complicated gratings, such as circular gratings, can also be investigated. Figure 16.4b shows the superposition of two circular line grati ...
Diffraction grating
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Diffraction_grating.jpg?width=300)
In optics, a diffraction grating is an optical component with a periodic structure, which splits and diffracts light into several beams travelling in different directions. The emerging coloration is a form of structural coloration. The directions of these beams depend on the spacing of the grating and the wavelength of the light so that the grating acts as the dispersive element. Because of this, gratings are commonly used in monochromators and spectrometers.For practical applications, gratings generally have ridges or rulings on their surface rather than dark lines. Such gratings can be either transmissive or reflective. Gratings which modulate the phase rather than the amplitude of the incident light are also produced, frequently using holography.The principles of diffraction gratings were discovered by James Gregory, about a year after Newton's prism experiments, initially with items such as bird feathers. The first man-made diffraction grating was made around 1785 by Philadelphia inventor David Rittenhouse, who strung hairs between two finely threaded screws. This was similar to notable German physicist Joseph von Fraunhofer's wire diffraction grating in 1821.Diffraction can create ""rainbow"" colors when illuminated by a wide spectrum (e.g., continuous) light source. The sparkling effects from the closely spaced narrow tracks on optical storage disks such as CD's or DVDs are an example, while the similar rainbow effects caused by thin layers of oil (or gasoline, etc.) on water are not caused by a grating, but rather by interference effects in reflections from the closely spaced transmissive layers (see Examples, below). A grating has parallel lines, while a CD has a spiral of finely-spaced data tracks. Diffraction colors also appear when one looks at a bright point source through a translucent fine-pitch umbrella-fabric covering. Decorative patterned plastic films based on reflective grating patches are very inexpensive, and are commonplace.