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Chapter 12 Europe
Chapter 12 Europe

... • Two major, castle-lined rivers have historically acted as highways: – The Rhine flows north 820 miles from interior to North Sea – The Danube flows east 1,771 miles, through 9 countries, to Black Sea ...
Sea-Floor Spreading - Madison County Schools
Sea-Floor Spreading - Madison County Schools

... larger at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Conversely, there is a massive amount of subduction in the Pacific Ocean on the western coast of Asia and the eastern coast of the Americas. This means that the Pacific Ocean (currently the largest ocean on the planet) is shrinking. ...
OCN100--Study Guide
OCN100--Study Guide

... ______ meters; this makes the average ocean depth _______ times deeper than land is high. The deepest spot in the ocean is the ____________________; its depth is _______ meters. Including above and below sea level portions, the tallest mountain on earth is ___________. Be able to briefly describe th ...
triple junction
triple junction

... Gondwana continued to fragment as South America separated from Africa opening the South Atlantic, and India together with Madagascar rifted away from Antarctica and the western margin of Australia opening the Eastern Indian Ocean. The South Atlantic did not open all at once, but rather progressively ...
2 b Map Skills PP KEY
2 b Map Skills PP KEY

... • The Mercator Projection is one particular map which is very distorted – To make a flat map from a round globe, cartographers ‘unwrapped’ the globe and stretched the northern (and southern) regions to make them flat – All lines of latitude and longitude are seen as straight lines – Created by the B ...
5 Themes of Geography Reference sheet
5 Themes of Geography Reference sheet

... to its latitude and longitude. Latitude lines measure distances north and south of the Equator. Longitude lines measure distances east and west of the Prime Meridian. A place's absolute location is defined with latitude and longitude lines. This is its exact location. The geography theme of location ...
The Five Themes of Geography - Great Valley School District
The Five Themes of Geography - Great Valley School District

... or S of the Equator (0° runs around the “center” of the globe) • North Pole = 90° N South Pole = 90° S • 0° does not use direction • The distance between all lines of Latitude is equal – Each degree is approximately 69 miles ...
Plate Tectonics: The Mechanism
Plate Tectonics: The Mechanism

... planet with similar ages have the same magnetic characteristics. ...
Geography - Bingham`s Place
Geography - Bingham`s Place

... Latitude Lines of latitude, or parallels, circle the earth parallel to the Equator and measure the distance north or south of the Equator in degrees. The Equator is measured at 0° latitude, while the Poles lie at ...
Chapter 11 – The Physical Geography of Europe
Chapter 11 – The Physical Geography of Europe

... - several other climates are found in small areas of the region examples: humid subtropical in Italy; steppe in Spain) > the Alps block moist Atlantic winds, so less precipitation falls in southern Europe than in western Europe (rain shadow effect) - local winds sometimes cause changes in normal we ...
World Outline Maps - Sample Social Studies
World Outline Maps - Sample Social Studies

... Gulf of Oman. Control over this strait would influence access between the Persian Gulf and the Arabian Sea. ...
SEMESTER AT SEA COURSE SYLLABUS
SEMESTER AT SEA COURSE SYLLABUS

... rises, trenches and fracture zones; paleoceanography and the origin, distribution, and historical record of seafloor sediments; climate change and its driving forces; marine mineral and energy resources including the origin and distribution of petroleum and impacts of extraction, transportation, and ...
Geography of the Middle East
Geography of the Middle East

... July – October from 110 – 125 degrees F - before installation of AC units, houses in Middle East often had underground rooms (sirdab) in which people sought relief - in low-income neighborhoods in cities such as Cairo, people might sleep on the flat roof of their Houses - in open deserts and at high ...
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File

... Small Scale: Depicts a large area (such as the state of Arizona) but with less detail ...
5 Themes of Geography
5 Themes of Geography

... – ____________________________________: Links between resources and how people use the land ...
Introducing the Arctic Ocean
Introducing the Arctic Ocean

... seasonally. The seasonal variations amount to about 2.7 million square miles, with maximum sea ice around April and minimum in September. Since 1980 the Arctic Ocean has lost nearly 40% of its sea ice cover. The ocean is basically ice-locked from October until June, and before the advent of modern i ...
Small Scale Maps
Small Scale Maps

... Equal-Area Projection- True size and shape of land, but distances are distorted Mercator ProjectionAccurate at equator, but distorts size and distance as you move away from equator. Accurately shows true direction, good for sea travel and navigation. ...
Geography of the Middle East
Geography of the Middle East

... July – October from 110 – 125 degrees F - before installation of AC units, houses in Middle East often had underground rooms (sirdab) in which people sought relief - in low-income neighborhoods in cities such as Cairo, people might sleep on the flat roof of their Houses - in open deserts and at high ...
Plate Tectonics Notes
Plate Tectonics Notes

... This is where molten rock reaches the surface, cools, and forms new crust As this new crust forms the magnetic minerals in the crust align in relation to Earth’s current magnetic field Scientists can look at the sea floor to get a history of Earth’s magnetic reversals (we will talk about how this wo ...
Unit 4 The importance of oceans
Unit 4 The importance of oceans

... Indian Ocean is the third largest of the earth’s four oceans, bounded on the west by Africa, on the north by Asia, on the east by Australia, and on the south by Antarctica. The total area of the Indian Ocean is 73 400 000 km². The average depth is 4 210 m and the deepest point is 7 725 m, off the ...
The American Journey
The American Journey

... – ____________________________________: Links between resources and how people use the land ...
Unit 1 Physical Geography
Unit 1 Physical Geography

... cultural and physical environments ...
File
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... Bathymetry is the measurement of ocean depths and the charting of ocean floor topography (shape and relief). Determining bathymetry involves measuring the vertical distance from the ocean surface down to the mountains, valleys, and plains on the sea floor. 2. Discuss the development of bathymetric t ...
Introduction to Marine Science
Introduction to Marine Science

... Panama and discovered the Pacific Ocean on the other side and was the first European to sail into the Pacific  1519 Ferdinand Magellan led exploration to sail around the world (he died but the 18 men from his crew that survived finished the voyage) ...
Marine Unit 1 PPT
Marine Unit 1 PPT

... Panama and discovered the Pacific Ocean on the other side and was the first European to sail into the Pacific  1519 Ferdinand Magellan led exploration to sail around the world (he died but the 18 men from his crew that survived finished the voyage) ...
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History of navigation



The history of navigation is the history of seamanship, the art of directing vessels upon the open sea through the establishment of its position and course by means of traditional practice, geometry, astronomy, or special instruments. A few peoples have excelled as seafarers, prominent among them the Austronesians, their descendants the Malays, Micronesians, and Polynesians, the Harappans, the Phoenicians, the ancient Greeks, the Romans, the Arabs, the ancient Tamils, the Norse, the ancient Bengalis, the Chinese, the Venetians, the Genoese, the Hanseatic Germans, the Portuguese, the Spanish, the English, the French, the Dutch and the Danes.
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