Recurrent Superficial Corneal Ulceration OCULAR CONDITIONS
... There are a number of treatments available for indolent ulceration. Usually a combination of the following is performed Cotton bud debridement (removal of loose cells on the surface of the eye), keratotomy (needle scratching or burring the surface of the eye to stimulate and aid healing) and placeme ...
... There are a number of treatments available for indolent ulceration. Usually a combination of the following is performed Cotton bud debridement (removal of loose cells on the surface of the eye), keratotomy (needle scratching or burring the surface of the eye to stimulate and aid healing) and placeme ...
Visual Loss of Uncertain Origin: Diagnostic Strategies
... with the light source held below the level of the line of sight, elevated at about a 45° angle (so that the patient can see over and beyond the light source). Initially both eyes are illuminated from two separate distances, during which one should note whether the two pupils are equal in size and wh ...
... with the light source held below the level of the line of sight, elevated at about a 45° angle (so that the patient can see over and beyond the light source). Initially both eyes are illuminated from two separate distances, during which one should note whether the two pupils are equal in size and wh ...
Redalyc.GLOSARIO DE OFTALMOLOGIA
... thief of sight" because there is no warning sign, no hint that anything is wrong. Glaucoma gradually reduces the peripheral vision, but by the time permanent damage has already occurred. ...
... thief of sight" because there is no warning sign, no hint that anything is wrong. Glaucoma gradually reduces the peripheral vision, but by the time permanent damage has already occurred. ...
Provisional PDF - BioMed Central
... improvement in vision following glaucoma surgery is not expected. There is however, some evidence that retinal ganglion cells damaged by glaucoma might undergo a period of reversible dysfunction preceding cell death [4,5]. Furthermore, reversible changes in optic nerve head morphology have been repo ...
... improvement in vision following glaucoma surgery is not expected. There is however, some evidence that retinal ganglion cells damaged by glaucoma might undergo a period of reversible dysfunction preceding cell death [4,5]. Furthermore, reversible changes in optic nerve head morphology have been repo ...
Ophthalmology Review for Year 4 Med Students
... In a patient who presents with unilateral visual loss with scalp tenderness a) b) ...
... In a patient who presents with unilateral visual loss with scalp tenderness a) b) ...
Snapshot hyperspectral retinal camera with the Image Mapping
... 23. R. A. Bone, B. Brener, and J. C. Gibert, “Macular pigment, photopigments, and melanin: distributions in young subjects determined by four-wavelength reflectometry,” Vision Res. 47(26), 3259–3268 (2007). ...
... 23. R. A. Bone, B. Brener, and J. C. Gibert, “Macular pigment, photopigments, and melanin: distributions in young subjects determined by four-wavelength reflectometry,” Vision Res. 47(26), 3259–3268 (2007). ...
Ocular renin-angiotensin: immunohistochemical evidence for
... eyes. However, this stain was present with preabsorbed serum, and we have observed similar nonspecific staining of these structures with other monoclonal antibodies (unpublished data). Clinical and staining information is briefly summarized in Table 1. Staining of ocular tissue was observed in a wid ...
... eyes. However, this stain was present with preabsorbed serum, and we have observed similar nonspecific staining of these structures with other monoclonal antibodies (unpublished data). Clinical and staining information is briefly summarized in Table 1. Staining of ocular tissue was observed in a wid ...
Vitrectomy prevents retinal hypoxia in branch retinal vein occlusion.
... that new vessels grew onto the vitreous gel while it was attached to the retina. Our theory of oxygen delivery from the vitreous cavity offers an explanation for this finding. After a posterior vitreous detachment, a fluid-filled compartment is present in front of the retina. As this fluid circulate ...
... that new vessels grew onto the vitreous gel while it was attached to the retina. Our theory of oxygen delivery from the vitreous cavity offers an explanation for this finding. After a posterior vitreous detachment, a fluid-filled compartment is present in front of the retina. As this fluid circulate ...
Student Information and Activities
... Like any other part of the body, the eye grows, works, gets tired, and ages. It can also be injured or become diseased. However, most vision problems are not diseases, but refractive errors. These are minor flaws in the way the eye is built that causes it to focus incorrectly. Myopia, also called ne ...
... Like any other part of the body, the eye grows, works, gets tired, and ages. It can also be injured or become diseased. However, most vision problems are not diseases, but refractive errors. These are minor flaws in the way the eye is built that causes it to focus incorrectly. Myopia, also called ne ...
Choroidal Imaging With Swept-source Optical Coherence Tomography
... not only get a reading from a single spot, as with corneal pachymetry, but we also get a full-fledged corneal thickness map for the entire OCT scan, which can then be correlated with the IOP measurements. We performed another large study of almost 700 eyes to obtain the correlation of IOP to corneal ...
... not only get a reading from a single spot, as with corneal pachymetry, but we also get a full-fledged corneal thickness map for the entire OCT scan, which can then be correlated with the IOP measurements. We performed another large study of almost 700 eyes to obtain the correlation of IOP to corneal ...
A Silicone Rubber Tendon for Extraocular Muscle An
... on the eye due to the rubber. Use of silicones for other types of surgery. Silicone rubbers have been used extensively in other fields of surgery, both clinically and experimentally. They have been used for heart valves,11 urethras,12 ureteral valves,13 bile ducts,14 hydrocephalus shunt tubes,15 par ...
... on the eye due to the rubber. Use of silicones for other types of surgery. Silicone rubbers have been used extensively in other fields of surgery, both clinically and experimentally. They have been used for heart valves,11 urethras,12 ureteral valves,13 bile ducts,14 hydrocephalus shunt tubes,15 par ...
Fishes with Eye Shine: Functional Morphology of Guanine Type
... cross section of twin cone area, bar = 50 pn. B-C: tangential section of rod area, bar = 10 p.Pe: pigment epithelium; Pp: process of pigment epithelium; RL: linear rod bundle; RR: round rod bundle; RT: retinal tapetum; V: visual cell layer iridophores or iridocytes; Kunz and Wise, 1977). The argente ...
... cross section of twin cone area, bar = 50 pn. B-C: tangential section of rod area, bar = 10 p.Pe: pigment epithelium; Pp: process of pigment epithelium; RL: linear rod bundle; RR: round rod bundle; RT: retinal tapetum; V: visual cell layer iridophores or iridocytes; Kunz and Wise, 1977). The argente ...
Congenital ptosis associated with combined superior rectus, lateral
... conclusion that subconjunctival anaesthesia is a significant risk factor for developing infectious endophthalmitis, with an odds ratio of 13.7, was surprising to us. A subconjunctival fluid bleb serves to act as a mechanical barrier between the outside world and the vitreous cavity, and would thereb ...
... conclusion that subconjunctival anaesthesia is a significant risk factor for developing infectious endophthalmitis, with an odds ratio of 13.7, was surprising to us. A subconjunctival fluid bleb serves to act as a mechanical barrier between the outside world and the vitreous cavity, and would thereb ...
Review Questions - Lynn`s Lecture Help
... and arch around the macula Cup-to-Disc ratio – numerical expression indicating percentage of disc occupied by the optic cup ...
... and arch around the macula Cup-to-Disc ratio – numerical expression indicating percentage of disc occupied by the optic cup ...
Session 424 Drug and gene therapy and delivery
... Purpose: While a great deal of knowledge has been obtained on the characteristics of AAV2-mediated transduction of healthy rodent retinas, there have been no studies addressing if AAV2 gene therapy can successfully target and modify RGCs after optic nerve damage. This scenario, however, is most like ...
... Purpose: While a great deal of knowledge has been obtained on the characteristics of AAV2-mediated transduction of healthy rodent retinas, there have been no studies addressing if AAV2 gene therapy can successfully target and modify RGCs after optic nerve damage. This scenario, however, is most like ...
Anatomy of the Patient Exam
... distortion, letters “jumping” when reading, or anyone with unexplained decrease in near vision. Patients describe the normal or abnormal appearance of gridlines on a chart. Distortions in the gridlines on the chart are recorded by the technician. ...
... distortion, letters “jumping” when reading, or anyone with unexplained decrease in near vision. Patients describe the normal or abnormal appearance of gridlines on a chart. Distortions in the gridlines on the chart are recorded by the technician. ...
Eye movements during fixation - Susana Martinez
... adjust their gain so they gradually stop responding. Neural adaptation saves energy but also limits sensory perception. Human neurons also adapt to sameness. However, the human visual system does much better than a frog’s at detecting unmoving objects because human eyes create their own motion, even ...
... adjust their gain so they gradually stop responding. Neural adaptation saves energy but also limits sensory perception. Human neurons also adapt to sameness. However, the human visual system does much better than a frog’s at detecting unmoving objects because human eyes create their own motion, even ...
Development of the Choroid and Related Structures
... simultaneously with the development of the retinal pigment epithelium during the fourth and fifth week, Thus at the beginning of the sixth week, the embryonic human eye is already completely invested with a primitive capillary layer (Fig, 1), From then on, a con tinuous maturation process can be ob ...
... simultaneously with the development of the retinal pigment epithelium during the fourth and fifth week, Thus at the beginning of the sixth week, the embryonic human eye is already completely invested with a primitive capillary layer (Fig, 1), From then on, a con tinuous maturation process can be ob ...
ophthalmoscopy with scleral indentation. He suggested that
... days after starting pilocarpine. The IOP remained low on pilocarpine alone at 12 mmHg after the other medications were discontinued. There was no evidence of angle recession on gonioscopy. Comment Current mangement of hyphaema emphasises the importance of cycloplegia, because of the concurrent anter ...
... days after starting pilocarpine. The IOP remained low on pilocarpine alone at 12 mmHg after the other medications were discontinued. There was no evidence of angle recession on gonioscopy. Comment Current mangement of hyphaema emphasises the importance of cycloplegia, because of the concurrent anter ...
GLAUCOMA… - Heart of America Contact Lens Society
... There are patients with IOP higher than “normal” but never develop glaucoma ...
... There are patients with IOP higher than “normal” but never develop glaucoma ...
Test for visual Acuity, Color vision , and Visual Field
... S cones most sensitive to short wavelength (peak cones most sensitive absorption at 420nm→perception of blue color Mcones most sensitive to medium wavelength → perception of green ...
... S cones most sensitive to short wavelength (peak cones most sensitive absorption at 420nm→perception of blue color Mcones most sensitive to medium wavelength → perception of green ...
Fundus photo showing bone spicules typical of Retinitis Fundus
... Retinitis Pigmentosa is a group of genetic eye disorders that progressively causes atrophy of the retina and typically affects both eyes. It is one of the most common forms of inherited retinal degenerative conditions, and affects 1 in 3,700 people within the United States. Typically the disease beg ...
... Retinitis Pigmentosa is a group of genetic eye disorders that progressively causes atrophy of the retina and typically affects both eyes. It is one of the most common forms of inherited retinal degenerative conditions, and affects 1 in 3,700 people within the United States. Typically the disease beg ...
Excitatory burst neuron
... When rotation stops, nystagmus starts in the opposite direction (postrotatory nystagmus, PRN). In the middle panel, an optokinetic stimulus (drum rotation to the right) causes a sustained optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), with slow phases to the right during the entire period of stimulation. When the lig ...
... When rotation stops, nystagmus starts in the opposite direction (postrotatory nystagmus, PRN). In the middle panel, an optokinetic stimulus (drum rotation to the right) causes a sustained optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), with slow phases to the right during the entire period of stimulation. When the lig ...
heterochromia of the irides and a motility disorder
... and iris sector heterochromia. Patients with Waardenburg’s syndrome have also other ocular features: telecanthus, lateral displacement of lower lacrimal punctum, blepharophimosis, hyperplasia of the eyebrows medially and pigmentary changes in fundo (5). Our patient had neither of these features. The ...
... and iris sector heterochromia. Patients with Waardenburg’s syndrome have also other ocular features: telecanthus, lateral displacement of lower lacrimal punctum, blepharophimosis, hyperplasia of the eyebrows medially and pigmentary changes in fundo (5). Our patient had neither of these features. The ...
Epiretinal Membranes in Macular Dysfunction
... • Autoregulation dysfunction (abnormal vasospasm, resistance to vasoactive substances, abnormal vessels) may contribute to nerve damage by increasing susceptibility to even normal IOPs ...
... • Autoregulation dysfunction (abnormal vasospasm, resistance to vasoactive substances, abnormal vessels) may contribute to nerve damage by increasing susceptibility to even normal IOPs ...
Retina
The retina (/ˈrɛtɪnə/ RET-i-nə, pl. retinae, /ˈrɛtiniː/; from Latin rēte, meaning ""net"") is the third and inner coat of the eye which is a light-sensitive layer of tissue. The optics of the eye create an image of the visual world on the retina (through the cornea and lens), which serves much the same function as the film in a camera. Light striking the retina initiates a cascade of chemical and electrical events that ultimately trigger nerve impulses. These are sent to various visual centres of the brain through the fibres of the optic nerve.In vertebrate embryonic development, the retina and the optic nerve originate as outgrowths of the developing brain, so the retina is considered part of the central nervous system (CNS) and is actually brain tissue. It is the only part of the CNS that can be visualized non-invasively.The retina is a layered structure with several layers of neurons interconnected by synapses. The only neurons that are directly sensitive to light are the photoreceptor cells. These are mainly of two types: the rods and cones. Rods function mainly in dim light and provide black-and-white vision, while cones support daytime vision and the perception of colour. A third, much rarer type of photoreceptor, the intrinsically photosensitive ganglion cell, is important for reflexive responses to bright daylight.Neural signals from the rods and cones undergo processing by other neurons of the retina. The output takes the form of action potentials in retinal ganglion cells whose axons form the optic nerve. Several important features of visual perception can be traced to the retinal encoding and processing of light.