Stereotypes Can Be Learned through Implicit Associations or
... stereotypes have been the major focus of most of the stereotyping literature, and researchers have paid less attention to stereotype learning. Work on stereotype acquisition has traditionally focused on the motivations for stereotype acquisition, such as in-group – out-group interactions or the for ...
... stereotypes have been the major focus of most of the stereotyping literature, and researchers have paid less attention to stereotype learning. Work on stereotype acquisition has traditionally focused on the motivations for stereotype acquisition, such as in-group – out-group interactions or the for ...
The role of context in the communication of uncertain beliefs
... Rivet, 1991; Cohen & Wallsten, 1992). Finally, listeners appear to interpret qualitative expressions more regressively (i.e., closer to .5) than do speakers (Budescu & Wallsten, 1990; Fillenbaum et al., 1991). This conservatism might be explained by a Bayesian account in which listeners update a pri ...
... Rivet, 1991; Cohen & Wallsten, 1992). Finally, listeners appear to interpret qualitative expressions more regressively (i.e., closer to .5) than do speakers (Budescu & Wallsten, 1990; Fillenbaum et al., 1991). This conservatism might be explained by a Bayesian account in which listeners update a pri ...
Evidence for Racial Prejudice at the Implicit Level and
... aware that the study "had something to do with prejudice" (Gaertner & McLaughlin, 1983, p. 27), and it is therefore reasonable to assume that participants did reflect on their explicit racial beliefs. In fact, Dovidio et al. recognized their procedure' s limitations in assessing solely automatic, sp ...
... aware that the study "had something to do with prejudice" (Gaertner & McLaughlin, 1983, p. 27), and it is therefore reasonable to assume that participants did reflect on their explicit racial beliefs. In fact, Dovidio et al. recognized their procedure' s limitations in assessing solely automatic, sp ...
Memory-based versus on-line processing: Implications for attitude
... structure. They read the same sentences about Marie, but were not told that they would be asked any questions about their impressions of her. Instead, they were asked to focus on how “dynamic” each sentence was, considering aspects such as the complexity of its verbs. Participants then read the sent ...
... structure. They read the same sentences about Marie, but were not told that they would be asked any questions about their impressions of her. Instead, they were asked to focus on how “dynamic” each sentence was, considering aspects such as the complexity of its verbs. Participants then read the sent ...
Astrology and Meaningfulness:
... I do believe is that we cannot avoid certain lessons. Okay—so I chose to have that experience with my mother. I chose to have that experience with my ex-husband. I did choose that, I do believe that, and I do believe that I chose my birth chart, and I chose those transits to happen when they did to ...
... I do believe is that we cannot avoid certain lessons. Okay—so I chose to have that experience with my mother. I chose to have that experience with my ex-husband. I did choose that, I do believe that, and I do believe that I chose my birth chart, and I chose those transits to happen when they did to ...
Author`s personal copy
... were not, inconsistent with each other. We predicted that when primes and behaviors were valence inconsistent (as opposed to consistent), explicit–implicit attitude discrepancies would increase as would feelings of discomfort (i.e., dissonance arousal). We then provided participants with more inform ...
... were not, inconsistent with each other. We predicted that when primes and behaviors were valence inconsistent (as opposed to consistent), explicit–implicit attitude discrepancies would increase as would feelings of discomfort (i.e., dissonance arousal). We then provided participants with more inform ...
I love you, let`s share calendars: calendar sharing as relationship work
... friendships [7], as well as the reciprocal sharing of information to achieve intimacy [6]. Fehr [12] provides a useful model of the process of making friends, a process of relationship work. People typically meet other people because they live or work in close proximity, or because someone else in t ...
... friendships [7], as well as the reciprocal sharing of information to achieve intimacy [6]. Fehr [12] provides a useful model of the process of making friends, a process of relationship work. People typically meet other people because they live or work in close proximity, or because someone else in t ...
Resisting Persuasion by Illegitimate Means: A Metacognitive
... Eighty-two Ohio State University undergraduates participated in partial fulfillment of a course requirement. Participants were randomly assigned to the minority source condition, the majority source condition, or a control condition. All sessions were conducted on computer. ...
... Eighty-two Ohio State University undergraduates participated in partial fulfillment of a course requirement. Participants were randomly assigned to the minority source condition, the majority source condition, or a control condition. All sessions were conducted on computer. ...
Dealing with randomisation bias in a social IFS Working Paper W14/10
... The issue which motivated the paper arose in the recent Employment Retention and Advancement (ERA) demonstration, which ran in six districts across the UK between 2003 and 2007. With ...
... The issue which motivated the paper arose in the recent Employment Retention and Advancement (ERA) demonstration, which ran in six districts across the UK between 2003 and 2007. With ...
How do you know that? Sensitivity to statistical dependency in...
... blue ball, what should the participant say? We will analyze three conditions, corresponding to the three cases presented in the previous section. The predictions for the three conditions are shown in Figure 1(a) for the maximizing model and in Figure 1(b) for the probability matching model, using th ...
... blue ball, what should the participant say? We will analyze three conditions, corresponding to the three cases presented in the previous section. The predictions for the three conditions are shown in Figure 1(a) for the maximizing model and in Figure 1(b) for the probability matching model, using th ...
Dissertation 20161009 Text Citations
... untrustworthy faces, most current research suggests a quadratic response, with increased activation associated with both highly trustworthy and highly untrustworthy faces. The quadratic response in the amygdala is consistent with two separate, but compatible hypotheses regarding why trustworthiness ...
... untrustworthy faces, most current research suggests a quadratic response, with increased activation associated with both highly trustworthy and highly untrustworthy faces. The quadratic response in the amygdala is consistent with two separate, but compatible hypotheses regarding why trustworthiness ...
Neural predictors of evaluative attitudes toward
... Japanese idol group inside an functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner while performing an unrelated detection task, and subsequently (outside the scanner) performed an incentive-compatible choice task that revealed their attitude toward each celebrity. We used a real-world election scheme that ...
... Japanese idol group inside an functional magnetic resonance imaging scanner while performing an unrelated detection task, and subsequently (outside the scanner) performed an incentive-compatible choice task that revealed their attitude toward each celebrity. We used a real-world election scheme that ...
Group size and the trust, cohesion, and commitment of group members
... This research investigated the relationship between group size and trust, cohesion, and commitment formation in task groups. Theory proposes that groups with greater than six members will produce lower trust, cohesion, and commitment than those smaller than six members. Group size is linked to these ...
... This research investigated the relationship between group size and trust, cohesion, and commitment formation in task groups. Theory proposes that groups with greater than six members will produce lower trust, cohesion, and commitment than those smaller than six members. Group size is linked to these ...
Almaty_Back to offic..
... The course was well received. With 75% of participants submitting feedback forms so far, everyone has rated the course as Excellent or Very Good (on a 5 point scale), with nearly everyone rating every individual session in the top 2 categories as well. Few citations: “Many thanks for the training an ...
... The course was well received. With 75% of participants submitting feedback forms so far, everyone has rated the course as Excellent or Very Good (on a 5 point scale), with nearly everyone rating every individual session in the top 2 categories as well. Few citations: “Many thanks for the training an ...
Slide 1
... – = P(group is positive) = P(at least one individual is positive) = 1 – P(no individuals are positive) using complement rule = 1 – (1-p)s since p = P(individual is positive) and s individuals per group – Solve for p, p = 1- (1- )1/s – Use invariance property of maximum likelihood estimates to fin ...
... – = P(group is positive) = P(at least one individual is positive) = 1 – P(no individuals are positive) using complement rule = 1 – (1-p)s since p = P(individual is positive) and s individuals per group – Solve for p, p = 1- (1- )1/s – Use invariance property of maximum likelihood estimates to fin ...
Ideology, Attitude Change, and Deliberation in Small
... its status as the most exalted form of political talk. At the very least, such criticism should spur critical reflection and empirical research on precisely what deliberation is, how it works, and what effects it has on participants. Fortunately, as public deliberation has become a more commonplace ...
... its status as the most exalted form of political talk. At the very least, such criticism should spur critical reflection and empirical research on precisely what deliberation is, how it works, and what effects it has on participants. Fortunately, as public deliberation has become a more commonplace ...
Elapsed Decision Time Affects the Weighting of Prior
... et al., 2009). Consistent with these theories, prior probability has been shown to have a static representation in the brain (Basso and Wurtz, 1998; Platt and Glimcher, 1999). However, it is unclear how the brain combines this type of representation of prior probability with other sources of informa ...
... et al., 2009). Consistent with these theories, prior probability has been shown to have a static representation in the brain (Basso and Wurtz, 1998; Platt and Glimcher, 1999). However, it is unclear how the brain combines this type of representation of prior probability with other sources of informa ...
A Case Study Series of the Feasibility of a Group Based Cognitive
... factors being the predominant use of strategy based learning coupled with psychosocial rehabilitation. One such program specifically designed for individuals with schizophrenia is the Computerized Interactive Remediation of Cognition Training for Schizophrenia (CIRCuiTS) [20]. CIRCuiTS targets vario ...
... factors being the predominant use of strategy based learning coupled with psychosocial rehabilitation. One such program specifically designed for individuals with schizophrenia is the Computerized Interactive Remediation of Cognition Training for Schizophrenia (CIRCuiTS) [20]. CIRCuiTS targets vario ...
Empathy and Attitudes: Can Feeling for a Member of a Stigmatized
... When one addresses this question to social-psychological literature on inducing more positive attitudes toward stigmatized groups, one hears little in response. Clore and Jeffrey (1972) found that assuming the role of a disabled person by traveling about campus in a wheelchair for an hour, or watchi ...
... When one addresses this question to social-psychological literature on inducing more positive attitudes toward stigmatized groups, one hears little in response. Clore and Jeffrey (1972) found that assuming the role of a disabled person by traveling about campus in a wheelchair for an hour, or watchi ...
Tracking the Emergence of Conceptual Knowledge during Human
... pattern (i.e., a learning curve). To achieve this, we employed a dynamic estimation technique that has previously been used to correlate neural activity with binary performance data during learning experiments in monkeys (Wirth et al., 2003) and during human fMRI (Law et al., 2005), termed the state ...
... pattern (i.e., a learning curve). To achieve this, we employed a dynamic estimation technique that has previously been used to correlate neural activity with binary performance data during learning experiments in monkeys (Wirth et al., 2003) and during human fMRI (Law et al., 2005), termed the state ...
Undergraduate Perceptions of Information Literacy: Defining
... The recorded interviews were transcribed by a graduate assistant, and analysis followed the constant comparative method.12 The researchers began discussion of the interview content as data was collected. This analysis allowed for the identiication of common events, activities, and perceptions across ...
... The recorded interviews were transcribed by a graduate assistant, and analysis followed the constant comparative method.12 The researchers began discussion of the interview content as data was collected. This analysis allowed for the identiication of common events, activities, and perceptions across ...
1 Neural correlates of susceptibility to group opinions in online word
... using the Neurosynth database suggests that the probability of mentalizing given the activations observed is high (Yarkoni, Poldrack, Nichols, Van Essen, & Wager, 2011). It is possible that those who are better at persuading or conveying their ideas to others may already be thinking about how to mak ...
... using the Neurosynth database suggests that the probability of mentalizing given the activations observed is high (Yarkoni, Poldrack, Nichols, Van Essen, & Wager, 2011). It is possible that those who are better at persuading or conveying their ideas to others may already be thinking about how to mak ...
[ABSTRACT] - University of Twente Student Theses
... Block Task (Berch, Krikorian, & Huha, 1998) to assess their visuospatial working memory capacities. This task has often been used as an index for learning at the motor level. As such, a positive correlation of the Corsi Block Task with performance on the current experiment would be a theoretical ind ...
... Block Task (Berch, Krikorian, & Huha, 1998) to assess their visuospatial working memory capacities. This task has often been used as an index for learning at the motor level. As such, a positive correlation of the Corsi Block Task with performance on the current experiment would be a theoretical ind ...
Cerebral Cortex July 2009;19:1539--1548 doi:10.1093/cercor/bhn191 Advance Access publication November 2, 2008
... Structural images were acquired using a high-resolution sagittal, T1weighted magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo sequence (1 3 1 3 1.25 mm voxels). Functional images (140 per run) were collected with an asymmetric spin echo, echo-planar imaging sequence sensitive to blood oxygen level--depend ...
... Structural images were acquired using a high-resolution sagittal, T1weighted magnetization prepared rapid gradient echo sequence (1 3 1 3 1.25 mm voxels). Functional images (140 per run) were collected with an asymmetric spin echo, echo-planar imaging sequence sensitive to blood oxygen level--depend ...
instructions for icslp96 authors
... Experimental tasks that require listeners to name their emotional responses to music, or to check boxes with prearranged lists of emotions (eg Zentner, Grandjean & Scherer, 2008), are measuring their ability to experience and name evoked emotions. One might call this variable cognitive emotional res ...
... Experimental tasks that require listeners to name their emotional responses to music, or to check boxes with prearranged lists of emotions (eg Zentner, Grandjean & Scherer, 2008), are measuring their ability to experience and name evoked emotions. One might call this variable cognitive emotional res ...
Confirmation bias
Confirmation bias, also called myside bias, is the tendency to search for, interpret, favor, and recall information in a way that confirms one's beliefs or hypotheses while giving disproportionately less attention to information that contradicts it. It is a type of cognitive bias and a systematic error of inductive reasoning. People display this bias when they gather or remember information selectively, or when they interpret it in a biased way. The effect is stronger for emotionally charged issues and for deeply entrenched beliefs. People also tend to interpret ambiguous evidence as supporting their existing position. Biased search, interpretation and memory have been invoked to explain attitude polarization (when a disagreement becomes more extreme even though the different parties are exposed to the same evidence), belief perseverance (when beliefs persist after the evidence for them is shown to be false), the irrational primacy effect (a greater reliance on information encountered early in a series) and illusory correlation (when people falsely perceive an association between two events or situations).A series of experiments in the 1960s suggested that people are biased toward confirming their existing beliefs. Later work re-interpreted these results as a tendency to test ideas in a one-sided way, focusing on one possibility and ignoring alternatives. In certain situations, this tendency can bias people's conclusions. Explanations for the observed biases include wishful thinking and the limited human capacity to process information. Another explanation is that people show confirmation bias because they are weighing up the costs of being wrong, rather than investigating in a neutral, scientific way.Confirmation biases contribute to overconfidence in personal beliefs and can maintain or strengthen beliefs in the face of contrary evidence. Poor decisions due to these biases have been found in political and organizational contexts.