trophic structure of bird communities in forest patches in east
... on all study areas in 1979 but not in 1980 or 1981, when foliage insectivores were absent from the smallest tract. Dominant groups (i.e., those represented by the most species or individuals) varied among areas. Omnivores were dominant on all areas less than 28 ha in 1979. However, because the numbe ...
... on all study areas in 1979 but not in 1980 or 1981, when foliage insectivores were absent from the smallest tract. Dominant groups (i.e., those represented by the most species or individuals) varied among areas. Omnivores were dominant on all areas less than 28 ha in 1979. However, because the numbe ...
stri science symposium - Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
... will result in average temperatures under which no closed canopy forest exists today. There is, therefore, great uncertainty associated with the direction and magnitude of feedbacks between tropical forests and our future climate – especially relating to the response of soil microbes and the third o ...
... will result in average temperatures under which no closed canopy forest exists today. There is, therefore, great uncertainty associated with the direction and magnitude of feedbacks between tropical forests and our future climate – especially relating to the response of soil microbes and the third o ...
Parallel responses of species and genetic diversity to El Nin˜o
... growth forests. Very little is known about the genetic composition of animal populations in disturbed/secondary forests even though these forests cover a greater global area than old growth forests (Sezen et al. 2005). Here, it is likely that local environmental regimes, the nature of habitat discon ...
... growth forests. Very little is known about the genetic composition of animal populations in disturbed/secondary forests even though these forests cover a greater global area than old growth forests (Sezen et al. 2005). Here, it is likely that local environmental regimes, the nature of habitat discon ...
Landscape-Scale Planning
... cover on a regional scale has a strong influence on the overall health of an ecosystem. Loss of regional forest cover can adversely impact stream health; reptile, amphibian, small/large mammal and bird species richness; and community structure.7,15,18-25 Research suggests a watershed with 30 to 50 p ...
... cover on a regional scale has a strong influence on the overall health of an ecosystem. Loss of regional forest cover can adversely impact stream health; reptile, amphibian, small/large mammal and bird species richness; and community structure.7,15,18-25 Research suggests a watershed with 30 to 50 p ...
Hammock Homes for Hangouts
... Overview and History Tropical hammocks are unique areas of hardwood forest that are found only in South Florida and the Keys. These unusual coastal forests started to form about 8,000 years ago as sea levels fell and coral reefs were exposed. The beds of coral died and left behind shelves of limest ...
... Overview and History Tropical hammocks are unique areas of hardwood forest that are found only in South Florida and the Keys. These unusual coastal forests started to form about 8,000 years ago as sea levels fell and coral reefs were exposed. The beds of coral died and left behind shelves of limest ...
Forest Health in the Blue Mountains
... yellow and in the spaces between the groves (which are large and many) looks like fields of grain ripened, ready for the harvest. We had a very fine view of the Grande Ronde after gaining the top of the high hill which led us out of it This was beautiful indeed, with the river winding through it, al ...
... yellow and in the spaces between the groves (which are large and many) looks like fields of grain ripened, ready for the harvest. We had a very fine view of the Grande Ronde after gaining the top of the high hill which led us out of it This was beautiful indeed, with the river winding through it, al ...
introduction - Sikkim Forest Gov.
... The average annual rainfall ranges between 210 mm to 2,500 mm. The rainfall varies widely between sheltered valleys, foothills and high mountains (alpine region). Temperature varies with the altitude and the slope. In lower altitudes, the temperature is between 4.5 °C to 18.5 °C, whereas at higher a ...
... The average annual rainfall ranges between 210 mm to 2,500 mm. The rainfall varies widely between sheltered valleys, foothills and high mountains (alpine region). Temperature varies with the altitude and the slope. In lower altitudes, the temperature is between 4.5 °C to 18.5 °C, whereas at higher a ...
Natural Loggers: Leaf Cutter Ants as Pests in Northwestern Ecuador
... primary forest (Jatun Sacha, 2001). Known as biological “hot spots” certain biologically diverse ecosystems in Ecuador have been classified as being particularly threatened habitats which contain thousands of rare endemic plants and animals. The need to protect the very little natural primary forest ...
... primary forest (Jatun Sacha, 2001). Known as biological “hot spots” certain biologically diverse ecosystems in Ecuador have been classified as being particularly threatened habitats which contain thousands of rare endemic plants and animals. The need to protect the very little natural primary forest ...
Bird community dynamics in a primaeval forest
... therefore full of gaps or misinterpretations. Consequently, research conducted in remnants of the ancient lowland temperate forests is of utmost importance and provides the reference points or baseline against which comparisons can be made with data collected in habitats transformed by human activit ...
... therefore full of gaps or misinterpretations. Consequently, research conducted in remnants of the ancient lowland temperate forests is of utmost importance and provides the reference points or baseline against which comparisons can be made with data collected in habitats transformed by human activit ...
Andrews Forest LTER Biodiversity Research - lterdev
... the Andrew Forest (the old-growth watershed at Mack Creek) as an “all-taxa study area,” with the aim of establishing as complete an understanding as possible of species presence, abundance, and trophic relationships. In the sections that follow, we provide an overview of some of our planned studies. ...
... the Andrew Forest (the old-growth watershed at Mack Creek) as an “all-taxa study area,” with the aim of establishing as complete an understanding as possible of species presence, abundance, and trophic relationships. In the sections that follow, we provide an overview of some of our planned studies. ...
Forest Birds in Urban Areas:
... Conservation of urban forests is vital to sustain human communities, many natural processes and help prevent further degradation of already diminished ecological services. Urban forests have many values; provide a multitude of benefits and ecological services; and are necessary contributors to maint ...
... Conservation of urban forests is vital to sustain human communities, many natural processes and help prevent further degradation of already diminished ecological services. Urban forests have many values; provide a multitude of benefits and ecological services; and are necessary contributors to maint ...
Section 2 Relationship between the Earth`s Environment and Living
... and the Sea Nutrients flow from forests into the sea through rivers. In the sea, phytoplankton and seaweed grow by using those nutrients. This phytoplankton and seaweed becomes food for zooplankton, small fish and shellfish, and these small living organisms are consumed by bigger fish. The fish and ...
... and the Sea Nutrients flow from forests into the sea through rivers. In the sea, phytoplankton and seaweed grow by using those nutrients. This phytoplankton and seaweed becomes food for zooplankton, small fish and shellfish, and these small living organisms are consumed by bigger fish. The fish and ...
Conserving the Forest Interior
... HOW DOES FOREST FRAGMENTATION AFFECT WILDLIFE? Experts believe that formerly continuous forested landscapes cannot sustain the natural diversity of plants and animals unless at least 25 to 30 per cent of the land is in forest or other natural cover. Fragmented woodlands — “islands of habitat,” as th ...
... HOW DOES FOREST FRAGMENTATION AFFECT WILDLIFE? Experts believe that formerly continuous forested landscapes cannot sustain the natural diversity of plants and animals unless at least 25 to 30 per cent of the land is in forest or other natural cover. Fragmented woodlands — “islands of habitat,” as th ...
- The World Working Group on Birds of Prey and Owls
... of nearly all the European raptors. Fires themselves flush a large number of insects which attract many raptors including kites, buzzards and small falcons. At the same time, the oil palm fruits ripen in the gallery forests and are an important food for the Black Kite. Then the first rains in March- ...
... of nearly all the European raptors. Fires themselves flush a large number of insects which attract many raptors including kites, buzzards and small falcons. At the same time, the oil palm fruits ripen in the gallery forests and are an important food for the Black Kite. Then the first rains in March- ...
Distribution of ground-dwelling arthropods in tropical
... To examine the effect of habitat type on arthropod richness, abundance, and length, we conducted oneway analyses of variance. For these analyses, we pooled the data from the 4 traps within each site. To compare the relative evenness of abundance of taxa across habitat types, we used J’, calculated a ...
... To examine the effect of habitat type on arthropod richness, abundance, and length, we conducted oneway analyses of variance. For these analyses, we pooled the data from the 4 traps within each site. To compare the relative evenness of abundance of taxa across habitat types, we used J’, calculated a ...
Seasonality of a Diverse Beetle Assemblage Inhabiting Lowland
... vary by several months. The 50-yr average (to 1995) annual precipitation at Cape Tribulation is 3926 mm (Hopkins et al. 1996). Mean daily temperature records show distinct seasonality, with the mean daily temperature fluctuating by as much as 5◦ C from the warmest to the coldest months (Fig. 1). Mea ...
... vary by several months. The 50-yr average (to 1995) annual precipitation at Cape Tribulation is 3926 mm (Hopkins et al. 1996). Mean daily temperature records show distinct seasonality, with the mean daily temperature fluctuating by as much as 5◦ C from the warmest to the coldest months (Fig. 1). Mea ...
Ecology
... When you are finished with this unit you should be able to: 1. Name the major land-based and water-based biomes and give prime biotic and abiotic characteristics of each. 2. Contrast the function of producers, consumers and decomposers. ...
... When you are finished with this unit you should be able to: 1. Name the major land-based and water-based biomes and give prime biotic and abiotic characteristics of each. 2. Contrast the function of producers, consumers and decomposers. ...
FIRST DRAFT: Anderson 03/2001
... species, and species that perform internal biotic functions. The critical scales for these two factors, disturbances and area requirements for associate species, were subsequently synthesized into a single index. What follows is a specific example of setting size criteria for matrix-forming forest i ...
... species, and species that perform internal biotic functions. The critical scales for these two factors, disturbances and area requirements for associate species, were subsequently synthesized into a single index. What follows is a specific example of setting size criteria for matrix-forming forest i ...
Forest Conservation Biology
... •Sustainable forest management (SFM) –Forest Certification via ‘labeling’ • Promote a market for products to encourage SFM – Allows discerning customers to pay a premium price – Overcomes the economic drawbacks of SFM ...
... •Sustainable forest management (SFM) –Forest Certification via ‘labeling’ • Promote a market for products to encourage SFM – Allows discerning customers to pay a premium price – Overcomes the economic drawbacks of SFM ...
American Marten - High Branch Conservation Services
... for hunting subnivean prey while impairing the hunting efficiency of larger carnivores. Because martens are light and have relatively large feet, they are able to hunt on top of snow, as well as beneath it (Fig. 2).22 Reductions in snow depth or days of snow cover, which may result from changes in t ...
... for hunting subnivean prey while impairing the hunting efficiency of larger carnivores. Because martens are light and have relatively large feet, they are able to hunt on top of snow, as well as beneath it (Fig. 2).22 Reductions in snow depth or days of snow cover, which may result from changes in t ...
Eastern Deciduous Forest - Natural Resource Ecology and
... had frequent burning intervals due to Native American management purposes. ...
... had frequent burning intervals due to Native American management purposes. ...
Class Notes
... For example, cattle egrets were found only in Africa and southwestern Europe in the early 1800s. After these birds crossed the Atlantic Ocean and colonized northeastern South America, they were able to spread throughout Central America, reaching North America by the 1950s. Today, cattle egrets have ...
... For example, cattle egrets were found only in Africa and southwestern Europe in the early 1800s. After these birds crossed the Atlantic Ocean and colonized northeastern South America, they were able to spread throughout Central America, reaching North America by the 1950s. Today, cattle egrets have ...
Dry Rainforests and Semi-evergreen Vine Thickets of South East
... They are now highly fragmented, isolated and surrounded by cleared country, making it difficult for smaller wildlife, seeds and pollen to move from one patch to another. Increasing the extent of dry rainforests, buffering their edges, and increasing their connectivity with other forests, will improv ...
... They are now highly fragmented, isolated and surrounded by cleared country, making it difficult for smaller wildlife, seeds and pollen to move from one patch to another. Increasing the extent of dry rainforests, buffering their edges, and increasing their connectivity with other forests, will improv ...
CHAPTER 50
... For example, cattle egrets were found only in Africa and southwestern Europe in the early 1800s. After these birds crossed the Atlantic Ocean and colonized northeastern South America, they were able to spread throughout Central America, reaching North America by the 1950s. Today, cattle egrets have ...
... For example, cattle egrets were found only in Africa and southwestern Europe in the early 1800s. After these birds crossed the Atlantic Ocean and colonized northeastern South America, they were able to spread throughout Central America, reaching North America by the 1950s. Today, cattle egrets have ...
Impact of feral dogs in an urban Atlantic forest fragment in
... • Conservation Biology Lab, Ecology Department, Paulista State University- Rio Claro, SP ...
... • Conservation Biology Lab, Ecology Department, Paulista State University- Rio Claro, SP ...