Attachment 10 R301.2.2
... R301.2.2 Seismic provisions. The seismic provisions of this code shall apply as follows: 1. Townhouses in Seismic Design Categories C, D0, D1 and D2 shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this section and other seismic requirements of this code. 2. Detached one- and two-family d ...
... R301.2.2 Seismic provisions. The seismic provisions of this code shall apply as follows: 1. Townhouses in Seismic Design Categories C, D0, D1 and D2 shall be constructed in accordance with the requirements of this section and other seismic requirements of this code. 2. Detached one- and two-family d ...
Section 4: Techniques for seismic improvement of unreinforced
... elements (walls, parapets, chimneys, and facades), and the timber roof and floor elements are in sound condition. Deterioration of the fundamental building elements compromises the ability of the ‘as-is’ connections between elements to share the seismic forces generated during an earthquake. The bri ...
... elements (walls, parapets, chimneys, and facades), and the timber roof and floor elements are in sound condition. Deterioration of the fundamental building elements compromises the ability of the ‘as-is’ connections between elements to share the seismic forces generated during an earthquake. The bri ...
O A RIGINAL RTICLE
... system is one of the best industrial scales in many countries including America, Canada, China, Turkey etc.And Its use is very common. Tunnel system for buildings with load bearing concrete wall is used. It will fit within the dimensions used in space are selected. This method, in adition of increas ...
... system is one of the best industrial scales in many countries including America, Canada, China, Turkey etc.And Its use is very common. Tunnel system for buildings with load bearing concrete wall is used. It will fit within the dimensions used in space are selected. This method, in adition of increas ...
The Electric Theatre HBA Final
... This report describes and assesses the fabric of retail premises in Fossgate York which were formerly a cinema named The Electric Theatre, opened in 1911. The assessment has been commissioned by prospective purchasers and is intended to inform proposals for refurbishment and redevelopment of the str ...
... This report describes and assesses the fabric of retail premises in Fossgate York which were formerly a cinema named The Electric Theatre, opened in 1911. The assessment has been commissioned by prospective purchasers and is intended to inform proposals for refurbishment and redevelopment of the str ...
building condition assessment and defect analysis on heritage
... ABSTRACT: This paper presents the condition of building and defects analysis on shophouses constructed before 1900s and after 1900s. In general, difference types of material used, types of construction and building defects will show the different condition of the building. A survey w ...
... ABSTRACT: This paper presents the condition of building and defects analysis on shophouses constructed before 1900s and after 1900s. In general, difference types of material used, types of construction and building defects will show the different condition of the building. A survey w ...
Basic Real Estate Appraisal - Lecture Outline for Chapter 07
... Monterey or Monterey-Spanish – a modification of the Spanish style. A second-story porch or balcony is its distinguishing feature. Colonial – includes several types of early American architecture (New England, Cape Cod, Dutch, Southern, and Georgian). These are square, rectangular, stately, and symm ...
... Monterey or Monterey-Spanish – a modification of the Spanish style. A second-story porch or balcony is its distinguishing feature. Colonial – includes several types of early American architecture (New England, Cape Cod, Dutch, Southern, and Georgian). These are square, rectangular, stately, and symm ...
Unit 6_Blg Tech_2 File
... factory for easy and quick assembly on site using steel, timber or pre-cast concrete. An alternative is to use cast insitu concrete for the framework, but formwork is required to support and shape the wet concrete. There are three main types of framed construction . What are they? • rectangular • tr ...
... factory for easy and quick assembly on site using steel, timber or pre-cast concrete. An alternative is to use cast insitu concrete for the framework, but formwork is required to support and shape the wet concrete. There are three main types of framed construction . What are they? • rectangular • tr ...
Innovative Applications of Engineered Wood
... depth. A section cut across one of these glulam members reveals a distinctive checkerboard pattern. Sustainable development goals are achieved by using the principles and tools of bioclimatic design (the use of natural energy, sun and wind, to decrease reliance on grid electricity and fossil fuels, ...
... depth. A section cut across one of these glulam members reveals a distinctive checkerboard pattern. Sustainable development goals are achieved by using the principles and tools of bioclimatic design (the use of natural energy, sun and wind, to decrease reliance on grid electricity and fossil fuels, ...
effect of opening on behaviour of shear wall
... bothlength and width of buildings. Shear wallsare like vertically-oriented wide beams that carryearthquake loads downwards to the foundation. Advantages of Shear Walls in RC Buildings Properly designed and detailed buildings with shear walls have shown very good performance in past earthquakes. The ...
... bothlength and width of buildings. Shear wallsare like vertically-oriented wide beams that carryearthquake loads downwards to the foundation. Advantages of Shear Walls in RC Buildings Properly designed and detailed buildings with shear walls have shown very good performance in past earthquakes. The ...
Adobe - Boere Vryheid!
... Cob is an ancient technique of building monolithic walls using "cobs" of moist earth and straw. It is being rediscovered as a multifaceted building material applicable to a number of conditions. Virtually forgotten in North America, cob was popularly reintroduced by Welsh architect and builder Ianto ...
... Cob is an ancient technique of building monolithic walls using "cobs" of moist earth and straw. It is being rediscovered as a multifaceted building material applicable to a number of conditions. Virtually forgotten in North America, cob was popularly reintroduced by Welsh architect and builder Ianto ...
mcb ebene for mauritius commercial bank
... African and Asian markets and is referred to as Ebene Cyber City. Thus the elliptical shaped nine-storey building for the Mauritius Commercial Bank epitomises the city’s high tech image and is certainly set to be a landmark in Ebene. This unique looking building was of course not without its design ...
... African and Asian markets and is referred to as Ebene Cyber City. Thus the elliptical shaped nine-storey building for the Mauritius Commercial Bank epitomises the city’s high tech image and is certainly set to be a landmark in Ebene. This unique looking building was of course not without its design ...
Structural Thesis Proposal
... floors, and five dormitory floors. The building’s flooring system consists of a cast in place, eight inch thick, two-way slab that connect to concrete columns of varying size. The columns run from floor to floor height throughout the building. The average floor height, which occurs on the 4th to 7th ...
... floors, and five dormitory floors. The building’s flooring system consists of a cast in place, eight inch thick, two-way slab that connect to concrete columns of varying size. The columns run from floor to floor height throughout the building. The average floor height, which occurs on the 4th to 7th ...
Earthquake Resistant Construction Handbook
... guard against house collapse during an earthquake which could cause deaths or injuries; and reduce damage and economic losses. Major damage to buildings in earthquakes is usually caused by the failure of the weakest link in the structural system. Weak links can be upgraded to match the strength ...
... guard against house collapse during an earthquake which could cause deaths or injuries; and reduce damage and economic losses. Major damage to buildings in earthquakes is usually caused by the failure of the weakest link in the structural system. Weak links can be upgraded to match the strength ...
3D® Construction System - American Concrete Homes
... more than 4000 kg applied by the means of cement bags. Total load including dead weight of the slab amounts to more than 1400 kg/m², which is at least twice the load in usual residential buildings. The photo on the left shows one building out of a group of 4-storey buildings erected in Venezuela. Th ...
... more than 4000 kg applied by the means of cement bags. Total load including dead weight of the slab amounts to more than 1400 kg/m², which is at least twice the load in usual residential buildings. The photo on the left shows one building out of a group of 4-storey buildings erected in Venezuela. Th ...
Wind Resistance of Light-Frame Structures
... record of light-frame residential sturctures. Despite the fact that interior walls are often considered to be nonstructural, they do provide lateral support A 10-m (30-ft) - long 127-mm for the exterior “structural” shell. (5-inches)- thick by 2.4-m (8-ft)-high shear wall that is connected only at i ...
... record of light-frame residential sturctures. Despite the fact that interior walls are often considered to be nonstructural, they do provide lateral support A 10-m (30-ft) - long 127-mm for the exterior “structural” shell. (5-inches)- thick by 2.4-m (8-ft)-high shear wall that is connected only at i ...
Ensuring good seismic performance with platform-frame
... • ductile behaviour of the various wood components. From a seismic perspective, the key elements in this type of building are the shear walls. A shear wall is formed by the combination of the vertical studs and the top and bottom plates, with bracing on one or both sides provided by attached sheets ...
... • ductile behaviour of the various wood components. From a seismic perspective, the key elements in this type of building are the shear walls. A shear wall is formed by the combination of the vertical studs and the top and bottom plates, with bracing on one or both sides provided by attached sheets ...
One Shell Plaza, Houston, Texas (USA) - E
... a further evolution of the frame-shearwall interaction concept used in the Brunswick Building. Here, the exterior frame characteristics were modulated to represent a punched wall, or a bearing wall with small penetrations, in order to reduce the shear frames component of the lateral deflection to a ...
... a further evolution of the frame-shearwall interaction concept used in the Brunswick Building. Here, the exterior frame characteristics were modulated to represent a punched wall, or a bearing wall with small penetrations, in order to reduce the shear frames component of the lateral deflection to a ...
SKELETON SYSTEM - AN APPROACH FOR CONSTRUCTION OF
... Housing and buildings contribute significantly to the fulfilment of social and other day to day needs of human life. In most of the developing countries desired attention is not given to the scientific planning and structural safety of buildings particularly in rural areas resulting in loss of lives ...
... Housing and buildings contribute significantly to the fulfilment of social and other day to day needs of human life. In most of the developing countries desired attention is not given to the scientific planning and structural safety of buildings particularly in rural areas resulting in loss of lives ...
In a typical traditional building, walls, ceilings, and floors meet to
... bend to become the ceilings, while others merge with the ground. Some forms are simply single surfaces that bend, and these are the most common types found in the building. In every room, we can find instances when a simple surface wall bends to become another wall or ceiling. In the courtrooms, the ...
... bend to become the ceilings, while others merge with the ground. Some forms are simply single surfaces that bend, and these are the most common types found in the building. In every room, we can find instances when a simple surface wall bends to become another wall or ceiling. In the courtrooms, the ...
Passive Design and Framing Techniques
... In the Resort Municipality of Whistler, British Columbia, Canada’s first passive house requires only 10% of the energy consumed by a conventional structure that is built to current code requirements. This is achieved primarily through the use of a high-performance durable envelope. The average insul ...
... In the Resort Municipality of Whistler, British Columbia, Canada’s first passive house requires only 10% of the energy consumed by a conventional structure that is built to current code requirements. This is achieved primarily through the use of a high-performance durable envelope. The average insul ...
Section 6: Individual buildings not causing death - 6.3.4
... to four levels, indicating column hinging had occurred in the moment resisting frames. Significant damage to internal columns and beam-column joints at the lower three levels was noted, including extensive concrete spalling and exposing of reinforcement that indicated hinging in the interior frames. ...
... to four levels, indicating column hinging had occurred in the moment resisting frames. Significant damage to internal columns and beam-column joints at the lower three levels was noted, including extensive concrete spalling and exposing of reinforcement that indicated hinging in the interior frames. ...
Proconex Warehouse Facility Expansion
... gauge, at 16” o.c. Miscellaneous steel framing studs, angles, and lintels. Bollards: Schedule 40 steel pipe, 4” diameter, 48” high, bolted to concrete floor, concrete filled and painted. (2 at each overhead door openings) Provide heavy duty guard rail protection at Building Electric Load Cente ...
... gauge, at 16” o.c. Miscellaneous steel framing studs, angles, and lintels. Bollards: Schedule 40 steel pipe, 4” diameter, 48” high, bolted to concrete floor, concrete filled and painted. (2 at each overhead door openings) Provide heavy duty guard rail protection at Building Electric Load Cente ...
the Rise of Collegiate Gothic Architecture at American Universities
... incorporated modern materials such as reinforced and unreinforced masonry, reinforced and plain ...
... incorporated modern materials such as reinforced and unreinforced masonry, reinforced and plain ...
Framing (construction)
Framing, in construction is the fitting together of pieces to give a structure support and shape and sometimes is used as a noun such as ""the framing"" or ""framing members"". Framing materials are usually wood, engineered wood, or structural steel. Building framing is divided into two broad categories, heavy-frame construction (heavy framing) if the vertical supports are few and heavy such as in timber framing, pole building framing, or steel framing or many and smaller called light-frame construction (light framing) including balloon, platform and light-steel framing. Light-frame construction using standardized dimensional lumber has become the dominant construction method in North America and Australia because of its economy. Use of minimal structural material allows builders to enclose a large area with minimal cost, while achieving a wide variety of architectural styles. Historically mankind fitted naturally shaped wooden poles together as framework and then began using joints to connect the timbers, a method today called traditional timber framing. Timber framing was superseded by balloon framing beginning in the 1830s in America which is made up of many light-weight wall members called studs rather than using fewer, heavier supports called posts, and was nailed together rather than using joinery. The studs in a balloon frame extend two stories from sill to plate. Platform framing superseded balloon framing and is the standard wooden framing method today. The name comes from each floor level being framed as a separate unit or platform.Modern light-frame structures usually gain strength from rigid panels (plywood and other plywood-like composites such as oriented strand board (OSB) used to form all or part of wall sections) but until recently carpenters employed various forms of diagonal bracing to stabilize walls. Diagonal bracing remains a vital interior part of many roof systems, and in-wall wind braces are required by building codes in many municipalities or by individual state laws in the United States. Special framed shear walls are becoming more common to help buildings meet the requirements of earthquake engineering and wind engineering.The alternative to framed construction is generally called mass wall construction which is made from horizontal layers of stacked materials such as log building, masonry, rammed earth, adobe, etc.