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Session 7: Neoplastic & Autoimmune CNS Disorders
Session 7: Neoplastic & Autoimmune CNS Disorders

... 1. Central scotoma resulting from inflammation of the optic disc 2. Junctional scotoma ...
The Keys to Successful Automated Perimetry
The Keys to Successful Automated Perimetry

... haste, when they see a brief stimulus. • Test a patient’s better-seeing eye first, especially if he or she has not undergone perimetry before. • Completely cover the eye not being tested. • Properly position patients at the perimeter. This reduces their fatigue and helps them to maintain proper o ...
Occlusive vascular disorders of the retina
Occlusive vascular disorders of the retina

... A 65 year old man presented to the eye OPD with the complaints of sudden painless loss of vision in the left eye. He described the visual loss as seeing a black spot in his vision which spread over the entire visual field with in minutes. He didn’t have any pain or discomfort prior to his symptoms. ...
Optic Disc Swelling (including Papilloedema)
Optic Disc Swelling (including Papilloedema)

... Evaluation of optic nerve function Check visual acuity (VA) with a Snellen chart. Check for an RAPD using the swinging flashlight test: Examine in a dark room, use a bright light source and ask the patient to gaze into the distance (such as a far wall) to avoid physiological constriction of the pupi ...
Eye
Eye

... You will be presented with clinical images or illustrations. Answers will be provided in the following slide. ...
A Patient With Acute Visual Loss and Transient
A Patient With Acute Visual Loss and Transient

... A Patient With Acute Visual Loss and Transient Neurologic Symptoms continued ...
Ocular retardation (or) in the mouse.
Ocular retardation (or) in the mouse.

... with toluidine blue for light microscopy. Results. At 10.5 days of gestation the optic vesicle of normal mice is well into the initial stages of invagination to form the optic cup. This cup surrounds the lens pit from the surface ectoderm on all sides except the ventral side, where the most distal o ...
1 These are the explanations of the tests that we may perform during
1 These are the explanations of the tests that we may perform during

... test with multiple measurements of eye motility. This process detects abnormalities in eye movements that tend to correlate with the patient’s visual complaints of double vision or inability to move one or both eyes. No papillary dilation required. Orthoptics (CPT -92065): consist of measuring sever ...
document
document

... only a few seconds to a few hours depending on the aetiology of the vision loss. Eg. Obscured vision due to papilledema may last only seconds, while a severely atherosclerotic carotid artery may be associated with duration of one to ten minutes. ...
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF THYROID DISEASE
OCULAR MANIFESTATIONS OF THYROID DISEASE

... Graves ophthalmopathy Other names: thyroid eye disease, thyroid orbitopathy  Autoimmune inflammatory disorder whose underlying cause continues to be elucidated  Signs and symptoms may progress and abate independently of other clinical features  Eye findings may occur even in the absence of objec ...
My Edited Definitions
My Edited Definitions

... Symptoms, diagnosis and treatment Symptoms A common symptom of glaucoma is high intraocular pressure. However, this can only be detected at an optometry clinic. Another warning sign is gradual vision loss, but other than the two mentioned symptoms there are no other changes or discomfort that can be ...
Optic Nerve Head Drusen and Glaucoma
Optic Nerve Head Drusen and Glaucoma

... flow and lead to stasis and, ultimately, extrusion of metabolic debris in the extracellular space.3 Continuous calcification of the debris may then cause an enlargement of drusen over time. Drusen are most frequently seen as multilobular yellowish-white or pinkish nodules, but they can be confirmed ...
The sense of vision - Lightweight OCW University of Palestine
The sense of vision - Lightweight OCW University of Palestine

... The Facial Nerve VII: temporal and zygomatic branches innervates the orbicularis oculi. ...
Leukocoria
Leukocoria

... Examine the patients every 6 months till the age of 5 years and then annually till the age of 10 years. ...
Visual fields
Visual fields

...  Test each eye separately  Hand held card ~ 14” from eyes  Read smallest line possible Children  Use and “E” chart ...
2015-2016 Gross Anatomy of the eyeball: The eyeball lies in a
2015-2016 Gross Anatomy of the eyeball: The eyeball lies in a

... The standard Snellen eye chart, though widely accepted, is not perfect. The letters on different Snellen lines are not related to one another by size in any geometric or logarithmic sense. For example, the increase in letter size going from the 6/6 line to the 6/9 line is different from that going f ...
Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma causing visual impairment
Tuberculum Sellae Meningioma causing visual impairment

... A 41-year-old woman presented with sudden progressive loss of vision in the right eye since 10 days and frontal headache since 5 days. Patient had no history of any trauma, vomiting and seizures. The results of general physical examination were unremarkable. Patient’s best corrected visual acuity (B ...
tibodies cross-reacting with patho- gens expressed by carcinoma cells. Cancer-associated retinopathy with
tibodies cross-reacting with patho- gens expressed by carcinoma cells. Cancer-associated retinopathy with

... resultindisseminatedintravascularcoagulopathy (DIC) and ischemic damage to vital organs. Toxic vasculitis has reportedly been caused by certain species of the Viperidae family.5 Hemorrhagins (complement-mediated toxic components of viperine venom) may induce severe vasospasm, endothelial damage, and ...
PowerPoint 簡報
PowerPoint 簡報

... Follow the Superotemporal arcade Follow the Inferotemporal arcade Focus on the macula (temporal to the optic disc) ...
leucokoria
leucokoria

... Examine the patients every 6 months till the age of 5 years and then annually till the age of 10 years. ...
Computed Tomography of Ocular Colobomas
Computed Tomography of Ocular Colobomas

... and may be very ectatic. The visual field examinations are abnormal, and visual acuity is often diminished because the retina is atrophic in the area of the coloboma. If an orbital cyst is present there is usually globe displacement, proptosis, and microphthalmus. The appearance of colobomas on CT i ...
Lesson 2.4: Communication with the Outside World Essential
Lesson 2.4: Communication with the Outside World Essential

... How do the eye and the brain work together to process what we see? ...
Cataracts
Cataracts

... cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Younger people are also at risk for eye disorders, particularly traumatic injuries. ...
Eye
Eye

... translucent and clear. The pink color of palpebral conjunctiva is due to underlying vascular bed. White Sclera is seen through bulbar conjunctiva ...
Optic neuropathy in sarcoidosis
Optic neuropathy in sarcoidosis

... normal on the right. There was a left relative afferent pupillary defect. The visual field was full on the right but on the left showed a small dense central scotoma with constricted peripheral field (fig 7). The right fundus was normal but the left disc showed supero-nasal swelling. There was no ev ...
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Mitochondrial optic neuropathies

Mitohondrial optic neuropathies are a heterogenous group of disorders that present with visual disturbances resultant from mitochondrial dysfunction within the anatomy of the Retinal Ganglion Cells (RGC), optic nerve, optic chiasm, and optic tract. These disturbances are multifactorial, their etiology consisting of metabolic and/or structural damage as a consequence of genetic mutations, environmental stressors, or both. The three most common neuro-ophthalmic abnormalities seen in mitochondrial disorders are bilateral optic neuropathy, ophthalmoplegia with ptosis, and pigmentary retinopathy.
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