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LM2681 Switched Capacitor Voltage Converter
LM2681 Switched Capacitor Voltage Converter

... The main application of the LM2681 is to double the input voltage. The range of the input supply voltage is 2.5V to 5.5V. The output characteristics of this circuit can be approximated by an ideal voltage source in series with a resistance. The voltage source equals 2V+. The output resistance Rout i ...
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... transfer characteristic is therefore independent of temperature. This particular log ratio circuit is free from the dynamic problems that plague many other log circuits. The –3 dB bandwidth is 50 kHz over the top 3 decades, 100 nA to 100 µA, and decreases smoothly at lower input levels. This circuit ...
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... errors due to base current loss than previously reported structures and is most beneficial when an accurate mirror gain is required from low β transistors. The new current mirrors can be implemented in bipolar or Bi-MOS processes or in CMOS process with the parasitic bipolar transistors. In Section ...
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... The output capacitor is selected based on the DC output voltage rating, output ripple voltage specification and ripple current rating. The selected output capacitor must have a higher rated voltage specification than the maximum desired output voltage including ripple. Derating needs to be considere ...
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... that the applied voltages are correct that the circuit is not powered that the circuit is grounded that the circuit is operating at the frequency ...
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... (2) The number of turns of each coil is increased. (3) A thin iron sheet is placed between two coils, other factors remaining the same. Explain answer in each case. ...
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... A capacitor, CSS, connected between the SS pin and GND helps control the rate of rise on the output voltage. When EN is HIGH and VIN is within the operating range, a trimmed bias current charges the capacitor connected to the SS pin, causing the voltage to rise. ...
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... Adjustable precision shunt regulator Summary Description The ZR431L is a three terminal adjustable shunt regulator offering excellent temperature stability and output current handling capability up to 25mA. The output voltage may be set to any chosen voltage between 1.24 and 10 volts by selection of ...
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... operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. ...
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... taken from gate to source voltage of single MOSFET which is also operating subthreshold region and finally by adding these two voltages we get output reference of 0.364V. TRADITIONAL LVBGR CIRCUIT Current-mode bandgap architecture was proposed so that it can works for low supply voltage as shown in ...
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... loops in a circuit, and the various loops may partially overlap each other. One of the fundamental rules for electrical engineers is Ohm’s Law, named for Georg Simon Ohm (17891854). Ohm discovered a linear relationship between voltage and current in many circuit elements: V=IR where V is voltage (vo ...
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... At turning-off: (starting with: VCE low, VGE positive or greater than threshold voltage Vth) the gate voltage first decreases nearly linearly (at constant gate discharge current). With still low collector-emitter voltage VCE and with only moderate increase there is the strongest change (decrease) of ...
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SWD-119-PIN Quad Driver for GaAs FET Switches and Attenuators Features

... 1. All voltages are relative to GND. 2. VOPT is grounded for most applications. To improve the intermodulation performance and the 1 dB compression point of GaAs control devices at low frequencies, VOPT can be increased to between 1.0 and 2.0V. The nonlinear characteristics of the GaAs control devic ...
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Current mirror

A current mirror is a circuit designed to copy a current through one active device by controlling the current in another active device of a circuit, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. The current being 'copied' can be, and sometimes is, a varying signal current. Conceptually, an ideal current mirror is simply an ideal inverting current amplifier that reverses the current direction as well or it is a current-controlled current source (CCCS). The current mirror is used to provide bias currents and active loads to circuits. It can also be used to model a more realistic current source (since ideal current sources don't exist).The circuit topology covered here is one that appears in many monolithic ICs. It is a Widlar mirror without an emitter degeneration resistor in the follower (output) transistor. This topology can only be done in an IC as the matching has to be extremely close and cannot be achieved with discretes.Another topology is the Wilson mirror. The Wilson mirror solves the Early effect voltage problem in his design.
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