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Switch Mode Battery Chargers for Utilities
Switch Mode Battery Chargers for Utilities

Reference Design Report for a 150 W Power Factor Corrected LLC
Reference Design Report for a 150 W Power Factor Corrected LLC

... inductance in Henries, and CR is the value of the resonating capacitor (C30) in Farads. The transformer turns ratio was set by adjusting the primary turns such that the operating frequency at nominal input voltage and full load is close to, but slightly less than, the previously described resonant f ...
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... grid-connected DG units is becoming an interesting topic [512], where the ancillary harmonic compensation capability is integrated with the DG primary power generation function through modifying control references. This idea is especially attractive considering that the available power from backstag ...
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... for powering the power amplifier (PA) and RF transceiver in WCDMA handsets. This device integrates a highefficiency PWM step-down converter (OUT1) for medium and low-power transmission, and a 140mΩ (typ) bypass FET to power the PA directly from the battery during high-power transmission. A second hi ...
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... In devices where the current waveform is still sinusoidal but shifted out of phase with the voltage, as often happens with AC motors under various load conditions, or is not sinusoidal, as with most electronic power supplies, the power factor is somewhat less than 1. That means the AC mains actually ...
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... Why do we need power control or an SCR? SCR’s are devices that switch the power to a heater or load to provide control. Precise control of the load results in holding tighter temperatures and typically provides the user with better reproducibility and consistency in the process. A typical applicatio ...
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... Voltage stability is crucial in operation of interconnected power system. The ability of the power system to maintain acceptable voltages at all the buses in the system under normal operating conditions and even after being subjected to disturbance is defined as Voltage Stability [1]. But, nowadays ...
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... Connect multiple instruments to synchronize their operation, including display updates, data updates, and start of integration. Measure all data with simultaneous parallel processing, including RMS values, mean values, fundamental wave components, THD, and harmonic components. Wide frequency band fr ...
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... was developed into practical products. Because of thyristor structure, GTOs can have blocking voltages as high as 6kV and can turn off as much as several thousand amperes of current. The turn-off gain is around 3 to 4; that is, it takes 1/4 to 1/3 of the anode current as a negative current in the ga ...
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Power factor



In electrical engineering, the power factor of an AC electrical power system is defined as the ratio of the real power flowing to the load to the apparent power in the circuit, and is a dimensionless number in the closed interval of -1 to 1. A power factor of less than one means that the voltage and current waveforms are not in phase, reducing the instantaneous product of the two waveforms (V x I). Real power is the capacity of the circuit for performing work in a particular time. Apparent power is the product of the current and voltage of the circuit. Due to energy stored in the load and returned to the source, or due to a non-linear load that distorts the wave shape of the current drawn from the source, the apparent power will be greater than the real power. A negative power factor occurs when the device (which is normally the load) generates power, which then flows back towards the source, which is normally considered the generator.In an electric power system, a load with a low power factor draws more current than a load with a high power factor for the same amount of useful power transferred. The higher currents increase the energy lost in the distribution system, and require larger wires and other equipment. Because of the costs of larger equipment and wasted energy, electrical utilities will usually charge a higher cost to industrial or commercial customers where there is a low power factor.Linear loads with low power factor (such as induction motors) can be corrected with a passive network of capacitors or inductors. Non-linear loads, such as rectifiers, distort the current drawn from the system. In such cases, active or passive power factor correction may be used to counteract the distortion and raise the power factor. The devices for correction of the power factor may be at a central substation, spread out over a distribution system, or built into power-consuming equipment.
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