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IEEE SM 01 Paper
IEEE SM 01 Paper

... Load flow studies have demonstrated that the installation of a 36 Mvar Voltage Source Converter (VSC) directly at Eagle Pass substation would provide years of relief from this single contingency situation. A VSC would provide needed reactive support instantaneously and could maintain full reactive o ...
How to install and operate the 24 V amplifier DLS CAT31
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Chapter 1. Introduction to Data Communications
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... differential pulse code modulation. • ADPCM encodes the differences between samples. Instead of an 8 bits/sample, ADPCM uses only 4 bits/sample, general at 8000 samples/second. This allows a voice signal to be sent at 32 kbps, which makes it possible for IM to send voice signals as digital signals u ...
Dispersive Effects in Microwave AlGaN/AlN/GaN HEMTs With
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... 1 × 1017 cm−3 , and 1 × 1016 cm−3 that were prepared at the growth temperatures of 980 °C, 1000 °C, 1040 °C, and 1080 °C, respectively. Three epiwafers were grown to study the dispersion and memory effects, denoted as High-C, Low-C, and Stepped-C. The structural parameters and carbon profiles of the ...
DS2745 Low-Cost I C Battery Monitor
DS2745 Low-Cost I C Battery Monitor

... In the active mode of operation, the DS2745 continually measures the current flow into and out of the battery by measuring the voltage drop across a low-value current-sense resistor, RSNS, connected between the SNS and VSS pins. The voltage sense range between SNS and VSS is ±51.2mV. Note that posit ...
transformers - Crompton Instruments
transformers - Crompton Instruments

... A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another by electromagnetic induction (also called transformer action). It is most often used to step up or step down voltage. Occasionally, it is used as an isolating device to eliminate a direct mechanical electrical con ...
PIN Diode Switch Circuit for Short Time High Current
PIN Diode Switch Circuit for Short Time High Current

... The method of protection employed is based on using both series isolation and a shunt parallel to the sensor. The goal was to keep the sensor isolated during the time of the fast power pulse and then to have the sensor active at all other times. PIN diodes are semiconductor devices commonly used to ...
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Detection and estimation of demagnetization faults in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

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... interest from a different perspective for such solid-state devices: the two lowest energy states of these circuits could be used as a quantum bit (qubit) and scaled to a full quantum computer through integrated-circuit technology. However, as solid-state qubits are by necessity coupled to many elect ...
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... Analog Input, Differential Input: With the analog differential input, both input pins of the A/D converter can swing the full range, and typically change in a balanced fashion—that is, as one input goes up, the other goes down in a corresponding way. The differential input offers the advantage of su ...
ABSTRACT - Ece.umd.edu - University of Maryland
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... CMOS readout process will focus only the semiconductor resistive bolometric detector. Efforts began in the mid 1970’s to create room temperature 2-D imaging arrays for both military and commercial applications. At the time, cooled arrays had much better performance. However, for most staring applica ...
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... local ground plane below the LTM8053 and the circuit components. In most applications, the bulk of the heat flow out of the LTM8053 is through these pads, so the printed circuit design has a large impact on the thermal performance of the part. See the PCB Layout and Thermal Considerations sections f ...
It`s Electrifying manual_Updated March2012
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... They can easily take electrons because their inner bits (their atoms) have room for electrons. BUT metals do NOT hold onto electrons very well, they don't like to keep them. When you pump electrons in, metal atoms give them away to each other...causing a FLOW of electrons through the metal (Just lik ...
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... statements about the suitability of our products for a particular customer application. As a rule, EPCOS is either unfamiliar with individual customer applications or less familiar with them than the customers themselves. For these reasons, it is always ultimately incumbent on the customer to check ...
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... transmission across backplanes using PCB traces, or across twin-ax or twisted-pair cables. The MAX9206/MAX9208 deserializers provide a powersaving, power-down mode when PWRDN is driven low. The output enable, REN, allows the parallel data outputs (ROUT_) and recovered clock (RCLK) to be enabled or d ...
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... a) Explain speed-current, torque-current, speed-torque characteristics of a DC series motor. b) Prove that in a dc generator, generated e.m.f and current in a conductor are in the same direction, whereas in a dc motor, generated e.m.f opposes the flow of current in a conductor. (7M+8M) a) How is 4-p ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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