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Dynamic Random Access Memory with Self-controllable
Dynamic Random Access Memory with Self-controllable

... Fundamentals of Modern VLSI Devices [7] and Principles of CMOS VLSI Design [8] have developed. The device design guidelines for floating channel type surrounding gate transistor (FC-SGT) DRAM cells with high soft-error immunity described in this [9]. The three structure studied, only SSMSL is a viab ...
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... system operators, increasing contribution of wind energy to the grid poses new challenges that need to be addressed in order to ensure the reliability and the security of the electric power grid [1]. Many technologies have competed over the years for the concept of designing the generators and the p ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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