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the MS Word document here
the MS Word document here

... Take your two remaining 1N4148 signal diodes and connect them end to end about ½ inch apart (removing a significant portion of their leads), Connect so that one cathode connects to one anode, or so the cathode stripes are both facing the same direction. I stuck about 1 ½ inches of heat shrink over ...
DN110 - Micropower Buck/Boost Circuits, Part 2: Converting Four
DN110 - Micropower Buck/Boost Circuits, Part 2: Converting Four

... the boost converter and dissipating power as would any linear regulator. Highest peak efficiency is obtained with the circuit in Figure 4 using a MOSFET buck/boost converter. For VIN < VOUT, the circuit operates as a boost converter and the MOSFET, driven by the LT1303’s low-battery detector/amplifi ...
Lab-12 Stephan-Boltzmann Law
Lab-12 Stephan-Boltzmann Law

... voltage is changed. This will allow you to establish Stephan's Law for Black Body Radiation. Introduction: When an electric current flows through the filament in a light bulb the filament heats up. The filament loses heat in two ways: electromagnetic radiation (mainly visible light and invisible hea ...
Aug 1998 4.5ns Dual-Comparator-Based Crystal Oscillator has 50% Duty Cycle and Complementary Outputs.PDF
Aug 1998 4.5ns Dual-Comparator-Based Crystal Oscillator has 50% Duty Cycle and Complementary Outputs.PDF

... 31µV, thus barely impacting the converter dynamic range. The common mode output voltage of the circuit in Figure 2 is fixed at 0.5V DC, though some loads may require a different level if DC-coupling is to be supported, such as when soft-controlled offset nulling is required. Though not shown here, s ...
Current Sensing Relay Driver
Current Sensing Relay Driver

... Current sensing relay driver Almost all electronic circuits, unless they are Hall effect, actually sense voltage - not current. So to convert the current you want to sense to a suitable voltage you use a current-to-voltage converter. No, that's not an expensive chip! They're usually known as resisto ...
Electricity - MACscience
Electricity - MACscience

EECE 322 Lab 8: Differential Amplifiers
EECE 322 Lab 8: Differential Amplifiers

... a constant current between two branches as a function of the difference between the two input signals. Ideally, as a result of the changing current, the amplifier output reflects only the difference between the inputs. The quality for the amplifier design is determined, in part, by examining the out ...
Armstrong 521/525 output transistor replacement
Armstrong 521/525 output transistor replacement

... MJ2955 will suffice ( it is a better spec than the old Germanium AL102 ). A few resistors have to be replaced on the power amplifier printed circuit card, these are in the bias circuitry for the output transistors. Note, both output transistors have to be replaced for MJ2955's even if only one AL102 ...
Chargemaster Mode 3 Wall Mounted RFID Specifations
Chargemaster Mode 3 Wall Mounted RFID Specifations

- University of Bath Opus
- University of Bath Opus

WAM Chapter 7: Measuring Light
WAM Chapter 7: Measuring Light

...  A photoresistor is made of a high resistance semiconductor.  The photons of high frequency light are absorbed by the semiconductor giving bound electrons enough energy to jump into the conduction band. The resulting free electrons (and their hole partners) conduct electricity thereby lowering res ...
SPD-100 - Dynalco
SPD-100 - Dynalco

... Magnetic Pickup brochure for various types and characteristics. For low-speed applications, or to permit operation with larger gaps, the ultrahigh ...
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS
CIRCUIT FUNCTION AND BENEFITS

... (Continued from first page) "Circuits from the Lab" are intended only for use with Analog Devices products and are the intellectual property of Analog Devices or its licensors. While you may use the "Circuits from the Lab" in the design of your product, no other license is granted by implication or ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

Biomedical Instrumentation Tara Alvarez Ph.D.
Biomedical Instrumentation Tara Alvarez Ph.D.

... • Noise: want to keep noise as low as possible so keep thermal and shot noise low by choosing proper components and shielding wires • Drift: want to keep drift at a minimum where drift is spurious changes in output signal caused by change in operating temperature rather than input signal chagnes • H ...
Nanophotonics Lecture 1 - Groups
Nanophotonics Lecture 1 - Groups

... single molecule Bad: electric current cannot be changed or modulated fast enough. Speed is limited to nanosecond scale by circuit inductance and capacitance. As a result, data rate is limited to a few Gb/s and transmission bandwidth to a few GHz. Photons travel much faster and don’t dissipate as muc ...
Download T3000 Datasheet
Download T3000 Datasheet

... frequencies higher than the preset value, while the output relay for over frequency is activated at frequencies lower than the preset value. This means that both output relays are activated at frequencies within the interval between the under and over frequency scale range. ...
Description: waveform and time duration
Description: waveform and time duration

... gives variation in the input port propagation delay. Thus, changing the logic gates settling time and hold time. In this case, errors due to conducted RF interference observed at the IC’s output ports come from failures in internal sub-circuits. ...
Kurt Schmid
Kurt Schmid

... for B+ voltages (+150 VDC) for both VFO tubes. For the stabilization of the tube heating a current regulator (3TF7) is used. Whereas voltage stabilization of B+ is very effective regulation of the filament current using the 3TF7 shows poor results. Experiments of Dallas Lankford showed that stabiliz ...
2 Way FM Car Starter (TA: Saurav K
2 Way FM Car Starter (TA: Saurav K

...  Depending upon witch I/O port goes high, the PIC:  Sends “Light LED” code to Key ring or  Calls for temperature from temperature sensor, encodes the information, and than sends it to the Key ring ...
QST5
QST5

... The contents described herein are subject to change without notice. The specifications for the product described in this document are for reference only. Upon actual use, therefore, please request that specifications to be separately delivered. Application circuit diagrams and circuit constants cont ...
the difference between electrostatic voltmeters, fieldmeters, static
the difference between electrostatic voltmeters, fieldmeters, static

... indication of the unknown potential can be determined. Measurement accuracy is typically 0.1% regardless of probe-to-surface spacing (spacing is usually in the range of 0.1”) with a target resolution 0.1” (2.5mm) or smaller. Electrostatic voltmeters typically can measure over the range from millivol ...
US6T5
US6T5

... The contents described herein are subject to change without notice. The specifications for the product described in this document are for reference only. Upon actual use, therefore, please request that specifications to be separately delivered. Application circuit diagrams and circuit constants cont ...
Light Handout
Light Handout

... Astronomers who are interested in analyzing starlight often use instruments called detectors. We can think of a detector as any device in which some measurable property changes in response to incident electromagnetic radiation. One common example is sunglasses that darken in response to sunlight. Hi ...
EMDX3 multi-function measuring units
EMDX3 multi-function measuring units

... reactive and apparent power and power factor Metering: - Active energy consumed or produced - Reactive energy consumed or produced - Operating time - Pulses • THD and harmonics analysis voltages and currents up to order 9 on display and 25 on modbus communication port • RS485 communication and Pulse ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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