Emitter-coupled Logic
... IEE = 0.3mA and R = 2kΩ would produce the same voltage levels at the output. It is, however, difficult to produce a thermally-compensated reference source of 0.3V . Also, loads (i.e. other inverters or gates of the same type) connected directly to the collector of Q1 would sink additional current curr ...
... IEE = 0.3mA and R = 2kΩ would produce the same voltage levels at the output. It is, however, difficult to produce a thermally-compensated reference source of 0.3V . Also, loads (i.e. other inverters or gates of the same type) connected directly to the collector of Q1 would sink additional current curr ...
INTRODUCTION TO BASIC POWER SUPPLIES
... Since Zener diodes are the fundamental voltage reference , it is worth while saying a bit more about them. For small Zener diodes (the ones most commonly used for reference purposes) don’t cause too much current to flow through them. They drift with temperature (see next slide). Usually about 5mA is ...
... Since Zener diodes are the fundamental voltage reference , it is worth while saying a bit more about them. For small Zener diodes (the ones most commonly used for reference purposes) don’t cause too much current to flow through them. They drift with temperature (see next slide). Usually about 5mA is ...
Sep 2003 Low Noise, Micropower Precision Op Amp Swings Outputs from Rail to Rail
... Applications that measure temperature, location or light using thermocouples, hall-effect sensors, or precision photodiodes can benefit from an op amp with offset voltage of less than 100µV, an input bias current in the picoamps, and thermal drift of less than 1µV/°C. Op amps that meet these stringe ...
... Applications that measure temperature, location or light using thermocouples, hall-effect sensors, or precision photodiodes can benefit from an op amp with offset voltage of less than 100µV, an input bias current in the picoamps, and thermal drift of less than 1µV/°C. Op amps that meet these stringe ...
Dual-mode Beam Current Monitor
... under a real operating condition. Therefore (1) we must reinforce the shield against the leakage magnetic field from the bending magnet, and (2) the study on the reduction of the noise from the leakage field is necessary for a real use. The stability of contact resistance of the relay used for the m ...
... under a real operating condition. Therefore (1) we must reinforce the shield against the leakage magnetic field from the bending magnet, and (2) the study on the reduction of the noise from the leakage field is necessary for a real use. The stability of contact resistance of the relay used for the m ...
1 Practical Logic Characteristics
... characteristic where the slope is –1. This is done on the basis of the effect on the circuit which applies to noise and interference components superimposed on the logic signal. Consider slowly changing the input voltage from one logic state to another. Increasing Vi from 0V, the output voltage fall ...
... characteristic where the slope is –1. This is done on the basis of the effect on the circuit which applies to noise and interference components superimposed on the logic signal. Consider slowly changing the input voltage from one logic state to another. Increasing Vi from 0V, the output voltage fall ...
CMOS CURRENT REFERENCE CIRCUIT DESIGN MP4-06
... In this project, a couple of current reference circuits were studied and implemented. Current reference is a generated current source with stable current supply relatively insensitive to external variations like temperature, process and voltage. It is essential for applications like operational ampl ...
... In this project, a couple of current reference circuits were studied and implemented. Current reference is a generated current source with stable current supply relatively insensitive to external variations like temperature, process and voltage. It is essential for applications like operational ampl ...
BASIC Stamp I Application Notes 1
... BASIC Stamp I Application Notes at this frequency. Adapting their circuits was just a matter of swapping an LED for the ultrasonic speaker. The popularity of IR remotes has inspired several component manufacturers to introduce readymade IR receiver modules. They contain the necessary IR detector, a ...
... BASIC Stamp I Application Notes at this frequency. Adapting their circuits was just a matter of swapping an LED for the ultrasonic speaker. The popularity of IR remotes has inspired several component manufacturers to introduce readymade IR receiver modules. They contain the necessary IR detector, a ...
LMC567 Low Power Tone Decoder
... higher or lower by connecting an external resistor to supply or ground. However, reducing the threshold using this technique increases sensitivity to pin 1 carrier ripple and also results in more part to part threshold variation. ...
... higher or lower by connecting an external resistor to supply or ground. However, reducing the threshold using this technique increases sensitivity to pin 1 carrier ripple and also results in more part to part threshold variation. ...
LM124/LM224/LM324/LM2902 Low Power Quad Operational
... (see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC op amp. The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, in ...
... (see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC op amp. The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, in ...
LM124 LM224 LM324 LM2902 Low Power Quad Operational
... (see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC op amp. The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, in ...
... (see typical performance characteristics) than a standard IC op amp. The circuits presented in the section on typical applications emphasize operation on only a single power supply voltage. If complementary power supplies are available, all of the standard op amp circuits can be used. In general, in ...
What do I know about……
... 2.6 recall and use the relationship P = I×V 2.7 use the relationship between energy transferred, current, voltage and time E = I × V × t 2.8 recall that mains electricity is alternating current (a.c.) and understand the difference between this and the direct current (d.c.) supplied by a cell or batt ...
... 2.6 recall and use the relationship P = I×V 2.7 use the relationship between energy transferred, current, voltage and time E = I × V × t 2.8 recall that mains electricity is alternating current (a.c.) and understand the difference between this and the direct current (d.c.) supplied by a cell or batt ...
Evaluates: MAX6469–MAX6476 MAX6470 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
... VOUT can be adjusted by cutting open the trace across resistor R2 and installing feedback resistors R1 and R2. The equation to adjust the output voltage is the following: VOUT = VSET(1 + (R1/R2)) where VSET = 1.23V Resistor R2 must be 50kΩ or less to maintain stability, accuracy, and high-frequency ...
... VOUT can be adjusted by cutting open the trace across resistor R2 and installing feedback resistors R1 and R2. The equation to adjust the output voltage is the following: VOUT = VSET(1 + (R1/R2)) where VSET = 1.23V Resistor R2 must be 50kΩ or less to maintain stability, accuracy, and high-frequency ...
TD62083AFNG,TD62084AFNG - Toshiba America Electronic
... • Toshiba Corporation, and its subsidiaries and affiliates (collectively “TOSHIBA”), reserve the right to make changes to the information in this document, and related hardware, software and systems (collectively “Product”) without notice. • This document and any information herein may not be reprod ...
... • Toshiba Corporation, and its subsidiaries and affiliates (collectively “TOSHIBA”), reserve the right to make changes to the information in this document, and related hardware, software and systems (collectively “Product”) without notice. • This document and any information herein may not be reprod ...
- Fredenstein Professional Audio
... Fredenstein F609 Tube Microphone Preamplifier The F609 is a professional tube microphone preamplifier, using two double-triodes, one ECC802S and one ECC803S, in a single 500 series rack module. It provides an +160V power-supply to avoid starving the tubes. The F609 uses high quality American made i ...
... Fredenstein F609 Tube Microphone Preamplifier The F609 is a professional tube microphone preamplifier, using two double-triodes, one ECC802S and one ECC803S, in a single 500 series rack module. It provides an +160V power-supply to avoid starving the tubes. The F609 uses high quality American made i ...
AN-573 APPLICATION NOTE
... with crowbar protection. The design capitalizes on the commonmode range of the OP777 that extends to ground. Current is monitored in the power supply return where a 0.1 Ω shunt resistor, RSENSE, creates a very small voltage drop. The voltage at the inverting terminal becomes equal to the voltage at ...
... with crowbar protection. The design capitalizes on the commonmode range of the OP777 that extends to ground. Current is monitored in the power supply return where a 0.1 Ω shunt resistor, RSENSE, creates a very small voltage drop. The voltage at the inverting terminal becomes equal to the voltage at ...
1. The simple, one transistor current source 2. The simple, one
... 11. Design the NMOS source for a 40µA output current and Vomin=500mV. How is the VDS voltage of Mn1 set? Designing the source means to determine the geometries for both transistors in the circuit and to set the bias voltages Vgn1 and Vgn2 in order to meet the design specifications. In the first step ...
... 11. Design the NMOS source for a 40µA output current and Vomin=500mV. How is the VDS voltage of Mn1 set? Designing the source means to determine the geometries for both transistors in the circuit and to set the bias voltages Vgn1 and Vgn2 in order to meet the design specifications. In the first step ...
Lecture #1: Basic Op-Amp
... The offset null capability is used to reduce small DC offsets that can be amplified. These can be important in DC amplifiers where these small voltages can then become significant where large gains are required. This input offset voltage is small and arises from mismatches in the differential input ...
... The offset null capability is used to reduce small DC offsets that can be amplified. These can be important in DC amplifiers where these small voltages can then become significant where large gains are required. This input offset voltage is small and arises from mismatches in the differential input ...
Opto-isolator
In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.