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The Forefathers of Radio

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... Electronic devices reduce the benefits of VO Voltage reduction is generally not suitable for use on circuits with a large number of electronic devices. The presence of electronic equipment in a circuit will compensate for the voltage reduction and reduce savings. This type of electronic equipment ma ...
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... 6485 with other instruments and voltage sources. This interface combines six independent selectable trigger lines on a single connector for simple, direct control over all instruments in a system. • RS-232 and IEEE-488 interfaces. These interfaces make it easy to integrate the Model 6485 into autom ...
Low-Level Output Voltage vs. Sinking Current of
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... Resistor and Parameter Optimization To avoid a non-linear output, optimize the resistor network as follows. For selection of optimum value and parameters for the resistors network, there are two cases to consider: • When output voltage is higher than Vbe of 600 mV, the PNP transistor is active and i ...
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... • Students retain confusion with “building block” concepts such as charge, field, potential, etc. • Students struggle with common representations of circuits e.g., relating circuit diagrams to drawings, and drawings to actual equipment • Students do not have separate concepts attached to the words “ ...
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Opto-isolator



In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light. Opto-isolators prevent high voltages from affecting the system receiving the signal. Commercially available opto-isolators withstand input-to-output voltages up to 10 kV and voltage transients with speeds up to 10 kV/μs.A common type of opto-isolator consists of an LED and a phototransistor in the same opaque package. Other types of source-sensor combinations include LED-photodiode, LED-LASCR, and lamp-photoresistor pairs. Usually opto-isolators transfer digital (on-off) signals, but some techniques allow them to be used with analog signals.
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