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2 Buffer Trees
2 Buffer Trees

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Recursive Linked Lists

Data Structures
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Chapter 12 Trees - Margaret M. Fleck
Chapter 12 Trees - Margaret M. Fleck

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... The first is as a way of implementing a special kind of queue, called a priority queue. Recall that in an ordinary queue, elements are added at one end of the queue and removed from the other end, so that the elements are removed in the same order they are added (FIFO). In a priority queue, each ele ...
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... – Leave back-pointers to object at each hop – If root or best approximate node reached and no Benefits: pointer to object, then it has not been inserted – Decouples tree traversal from any single node – Exploits locality with short-cutting back-pointers – Guaranteed # of hops O(Log(N)) where N = siz ...
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... want things to be ‘animated’ after you click a button Read the code in Test.java’s run method Read the code we supplied in PieceMover.java You will probably need at least one of those If your piece only does teleportation and no animation, that is not the end of the world. • Losing 2 points out of 3 ...
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... The binary trie contains branch nodes whose degree is one. By adding another data member, BitNumber , to each branch node, we can eliminate all degree-one branch nodes from the trie. The BitNumber data member of a branch node gives the bit number of the key that is to be used at this node. ...
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Cache-Oblivious Priority Queue and Graph Algorithm

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CPSC 221: Data Structures Lecture #7 Branching Out

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Red–black tree

A red–black tree is a binary search tree with an extra bit of data per node, its color, which can be either red or black. The extra bit of storage ensures an approximately balanced tree by constraining how nodes are colored from any path from the root to the leaf. Thus, it is a data structure which is a type of self-balancing binary search tree.Balance is preserved by painting each node of the tree with one of two colors (typically called 'red' and 'black') in a way that satisfies certain properties, which collectively constrain how unbalanced the tree can become in the worst case. When the tree is modified, the new tree is subsequently rearranged and repainted to restore the coloring properties. The properties are designed in such a way that this rearranging and recoloring can be performed efficiently.The balancing of the tree is not perfect but it is good enough to allow it to guarantee searching in O(log n) time, where n is the total number of elements in the tree. The insertion and deletion operations, along with the tree rearrangement and recoloring, are also performed in O(log n) time.Tracking the color of each node requires only 1 bit of information per node because there are only two colors. The tree does not contain any other data specific to its being a red–black tree so its memory footprint is almost identical to a classic (uncolored) binary search tree. In many cases the additional bit of information can be stored at no additional memory cost.
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