Introduction to computer networkd #9
... – R1 checks its routing table and finds that the next hop for the route to the network for Host B is router R2. – If Host A and R2 are on the same network that is also directly attached to R1, an ICMP Redirect message is sent to Host A informing it that R2 is the better route when sending to Host B. ...
... – R1 checks its routing table and finds that the next hop for the route to the network for Host B is router R2. – If Host A and R2 are on the same network that is also directly attached to R1, an ICMP Redirect message is sent to Host A informing it that R2 is the better route when sending to Host B. ...
1989
... Web sites may derive revenue from the hit count of their advertising. So, they may deliberately designate their content as non-cachable => no cache! HTTP solve this problem by Meter. – Step 1. Proxy insert Meter to indicates its willingness to report page count. – Step 2. Server responds to this inv ...
... Web sites may derive revenue from the hit count of their advertising. So, they may deliberately designate their content as non-cachable => no cache! HTTP solve this problem by Meter. – Step 1. Proxy insert Meter to indicates its willingness to report page count. – Step 2. Server responds to this inv ...
Communications Model
... • The complexity of the communication task is reduced by using multiple protocol layers: • Each protocol is implemented independently • Each protocol is responsible for a specific subtask • Protocols are grouped in a hierarchy • A structured set of protocols is called a communications architecture o ...
... • The complexity of the communication task is reduced by using multiple protocol layers: • Each protocol is implemented independently • Each protocol is responsible for a specific subtask • Protocols are grouped in a hierarchy • A structured set of protocols is called a communications architecture o ...
Data Modeling - Hiram College
... Advantage of Web Cache • Increases average response time – Response time of “hit” is very fast (item in cache) – Response time across network much slower than LAN response time – Hit rates 0.2 - 0.7 in practice (20%-70% of accesses are repeats) ...
... Advantage of Web Cache • Increases average response time – Response time of “hit” is very fast (item in cache) – Response time across network much slower than LAN response time – Hit rates 0.2 - 0.7 in practice (20%-70% of accesses are repeats) ...
Solution to test 2
... 4. (IP fragmentation) Consider a host A sends IP packets to a host B, and they are separated by a number of different IP networks. Suppose we know that the path MTU for A to send packets to B is given by P bytes. If host A sends an IP datagram of size D bytes to host B, no fragmentation occurs if P ...
... 4. (IP fragmentation) Consider a host A sends IP packets to a host B, and they are separated by a number of different IP networks. Suppose we know that the path MTU for A to send packets to B is given by P bytes. If host A sends an IP datagram of size D bytes to host B, no fragmentation occurs if P ...
S6C6 – X.25
... Disadvantages – On-Demand Connections • Bandwidth is limited • Connectivity is not constant • Alternatives are: – "always on," high-speed Internet connections using DSL or cable – packet-switched network (PSN) services • “always on" connections or • temporary "switched" circuits ...
... Disadvantages – On-Demand Connections • Bandwidth is limited • Connectivity is not constant • Alternatives are: – "always on," high-speed Internet connections using DSL or cable – packet-switched network (PSN) services • “always on" connections or • temporary "switched" circuits ...
Networks - What are They
... We place (different) meaningful interpretations on Information on the level below Protocols A protocol is simply an interpretation placed on Bits and bytes to be transmitted or received As noted earlier we’re transferring messages Message Is comprised of a collection of bits Some are interpreted as ...
... We place (different) meaningful interpretations on Information on the level below Protocols A protocol is simply an interpretation placed on Bits and bytes to be transmitted or received As noted earlier we’re transferring messages Message Is comprised of a collection of bits Some are interpreted as ...
Packet Switching
... • Setup: There is no round trip time delay waiting for connection setup; a host can send data as soon as it is ready. • Header: Since every packet must carry the full address of the destination, the overhead per packet is higher than for the connection-oriented model. • Quality of Service (QoS): – S ...
... • Setup: There is no round trip time delay waiting for connection setup; a host can send data as soon as it is ready. • Header: Since every packet must carry the full address of the destination, the overhead per packet is higher than for the connection-oriented model. • Quality of Service (QoS): – S ...
ppt
... Simple "does not exist" message would allow replay Better: if name is not in zone, return a "gap-spanning" NSEC RR that gives nearest names before and after the queried name ...
... Simple "does not exist" message would allow replay Better: if name is not in zone, return a "gap-spanning" NSEC RR that gives nearest names before and after the queried name ...
TcpIp and Firewalls
... After a period of time, a timer expires and IP level passes the 500 bytes up and stops looking for the other pieces. TCP (NOT IP) then will acknowledge receipt of 500 more bytes to the sending TCP layer. If the first frame is lost, NONE are passed up to TCP ...
... After a period of time, a timer expires and IP level passes the 500 bytes up and stops looking for the other pieces. TCP (NOT IP) then will acknowledge receipt of 500 more bytes to the sending TCP layer. If the first frame is lost, NONE are passed up to TCP ...
Sender window includes bytes sent but not acknowledged
... •Sequence Number: position of the data in the sender’s byte stream •Acknowledgment Number: position of the byte that the source expects to receive next (valid if ACK bit set) •Header Length: header size in 32-bit units. Value ranges from [5-15] •Window: advertised window size in bytes ...
... •Sequence Number: position of the data in the sender’s byte stream •Acknowledgment Number: position of the byte that the source expects to receive next (valid if ACK bit set) •Header Length: header size in 32-bit units. Value ranges from [5-15] •Window: advertised window size in bytes ...
document
... that have secure data transmission requirements. You can segment network at Layer 3 using routers and subnets and at Layer 2 using switches and VLANs. • Routers and firewalls can be used to screen traffic that passes through screened subnet, with three typical configurations: bastion host, three-pro ...
... that have secure data transmission requirements. You can segment network at Layer 3 using routers and subnets and at Layer 2 using switches and VLANs. • Routers and firewalls can be used to screen traffic that passes through screened subnet, with three typical configurations: bastion host, three-pro ...
Network Layer
... discards the datagram and sends and ICMP error message to the source host. If the value is 0, this means that whenever required the datagram can be fragmented according to the requirement of the physical network it is travelling. If its value is 1, it means this is not the last fragment more fragmen ...
... discards the datagram and sends and ICMP error message to the source host. If the value is 0, this means that whenever required the datagram can be fragmented according to the requirement of the physical network it is travelling. If its value is 1, it means this is not the last fragment more fragmen ...
photo.net Introduction
... Sender gives Datagram to network layer, waits for ACK, retries after timeout What timeout period should be used? ...
... Sender gives Datagram to network layer, waits for ACK, retries after timeout What timeout period should be used? ...
A Multimedia streaming server/client framework for DM64x
... All clients have the same streaming session ...
... All clients have the same streaming session ...
NAME: Computer Science 461 Midterm Exam March 30, 2009
... C. Persistent HTTP shows the greatest performance advantage over nonpersistent HTTP when downloading a page with large objects. D. When the server has finished sending data for all objects referenced by the initially requested page, the server closes the connection. For this question, we also marked ...
... C. Persistent HTTP shows the greatest performance advantage over nonpersistent HTTP when downloading a page with large objects. D. When the server has finished sending data for all objects referenced by the initially requested page, the server closes the connection. For this question, we also marked ...
NAME: Computer Science 461 Midterm Exam March 30, 2009
... C. Persistent HTTP shows the greatest performance advantage over nonpersistent HTTP when downloading a page with large objects. D. When the server has finished sending data for all objects referenced by the initially requested page, the server closes the connection. For this question, we also marked ...
... C. Persistent HTTP shows the greatest performance advantage over nonpersistent HTTP when downloading a page with large objects. D. When the server has finished sending data for all objects referenced by the initially requested page, the server closes the connection. For this question, we also marked ...
Steganography of VoIP Streams
... o SB0: Total amount of bits that can be covert send in the fields of the first packet. o SBj: Total amount of bits that can be covertly sent in the fields of the following packets o l is number of packets send besides first packet. ...
... o SB0: Total amount of bits that can be covert send in the fields of the first packet. o SBj: Total amount of bits that can be covertly sent in the fields of the following packets o l is number of packets send besides first packet. ...
Case Study: Infiniband
... • Each QP has a send queue and a receive queue. • Users can post send requests to the send queue and receive requests to the receive queue. • Three types of send operations: SEND, RDMA(WRITE, READ, ATOMIC), MEMORY-BINDING • One receive operation (matching SEND) ...
... • Each QP has a send queue and a receive queue. • Users can post send requests to the send queue and receive requests to the receive queue. • Three types of send operations: SEND, RDMA(WRITE, READ, ATOMIC), MEMORY-BINDING • One receive operation (matching SEND) ...
VoIP.pps
... PC in case of soft phones, which are software programs used with a hand set or headset connected to a PC ...
... PC in case of soft phones, which are software programs used with a hand set or headset connected to a PC ...