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ScenarioEco n17 - dec 2014 - EN
ScenarioEco n17 - dec 2014 - EN

... now. Indeed, it fell to only 0.3% in November while underlying inflation has now stood at below 1% for more than a year. The business climate, as reflected in economic surveys, does not point to a rapid improvement: although it has recently improved in Germany and France, it remains morose. Against ...
Efectos Fiscales sobre el Crecimiento Económico en la República
Efectos Fiscales sobre el Crecimiento Económico en la República

... rate and then levels off (at approximately 25 percent of national income). The Dominican Republic’s average domestic savings ratio over the period 1970-2000 was 15.3 percent with an average per capita income of $US 1385 (at 1995 prices). On the basis of the international cross-section evidence, this ...
Module Fiscal Policy and the Multiplier
Module Fiscal Policy and the Multiplier

... •The full multiplier effect assumes a constant level of taxes and transfer payments regardless of income level (lump-sum taxes) •In reality taxes and transfer payments are based on income levels. •The effect is that the size of the multiplier is reduced and the economy is automatically stabilized. • ...
A Question with Implications for Sustainable Economic Growth
A Question with Implications for Sustainable Economic Growth

... forecasting trends in Chinese economy. However, China also faces many internal issues, including income disparity and environmental and energy problems. One of these issues is the birthrate, which has remained low for many years because of the one-child policy. There is increasing debate about how e ...
ExerCh15
ExerCh15

... 1%. Two of the major expense categories (direct expense of events and NASCAR purse and sanction fees) as a percent of total revenue increased by approximately 2 percentage points. Other direct expenses, however, decreased by about 10%, and general and administrative expenses decreased by almost 1%. ...
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Westermann-20Apr-screen 358447 en

... economy. In this period the debt-to-GDP fell from about 30% to a historically low level of 20%. Thereafter three major changes contributed to a dramatic increase in the debt to GDP ratio: first, the build up and completion of the German railroad system. Although financed with private equity until 18 ...
Causes of the Financial Crisis and the Slow Recovery: A 10
Causes of the Financial Crisis and the Slow Recovery: A 10

... panic subsided in late 2008 this lender of last resort policy began to wind down as it should have. But as shown in the picture, the liquidity increases didn’t end. Instead we saw a massive expansion of liquidity with QE1, QE2, and QE3. It has been completely unprecedented. There’s really no way for ...
THE FEDERAL RESERVE AND MONETARY POLICY
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... 11. quantity theory of money 12. monetary neutrality 13. monetizing the deficit 14. (Appendix) bond 15. (Appendix) real interest rate 16. False. It is open market operations. 17. False. With “tight” policy, the interest rate rises. 18. True. 19. True. 20. False. 21. The Fed’s board of governors has ...
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Fiscal Policy and the Recession: The Case of Greece

... monetary transmission mechanism weakened due to the financial nature of the crisis and with central bank rates already at record low levels in many countries, the margins for supporting growth through interest rate policy are in most cases limited. In the case of Greece, the rise of the public deficit ...
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... crisis. In a separate analysis of data from the US Department of Labor, we examined perparticipant savings in DB and DC plans from 1975 to 2012. We found that not only have assets per participant in DC plans grown slower than in DB plans, but the historic shift from DB to DC plans in the private sec ...
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Ch 3

... Therefore, a competitive profit-maximizing firm hires labor until the marginal product of labor equals the real wage. The same logic applies to the firm’s decision regarding how much capital to hire: the firm will hire capital until the marginal product of capital equals the real rental price. 3. A ...
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Overview of Financial Statement Analysis

... • Almanac of Business and Industrial Financial Ratios. Prentice Hall. Lists 24 key financial ratios for 180 industries based on IRS data. • Business Profitability Data. Covers 294 types of small business, listing source and use of capital, sales and income, profitability versus assets, profitability ...
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Reading Ch 1 Money Growth (M2 Annual Rate) and the Business

... 97.25%, a record shattering rate of growth from the FRED chart which goes back to 1918. But M2 went up only 9.23%. The reason was that 90.51% of the base was trapped letting only 9.49% through. If a trap is perfect then the base can go to infinity without boosting M2. But if a trap is partial, even ...
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... VAT based revenues collection for the first eight months were collected pursuant to the plan, while in the last quarter of the fiscal year, it was subjected to the decrease in collection by 8,7%, i.e., EUR 34 million indicated in absolute amount. This strong deviation was partly a result of the incr ...
Macro Conference IV
Macro Conference IV

... When saving instruments in formal financial system are limited to cash, demand and time deposits, raising interest rates to near-equilibrium levels may induce  increase in saving rate;  portfolio shift out of inventories, precious metals, foreign exchange, and curb market lending into formal finan ...
solutions to the November 2005 Course FM/2 Examination 1
solutions to the November 2005 Course FM/2 Examination 1

... Solution. Using the Frank formula P = Fr  an + K = Fr  an + C  v n , so that with the values given 118.20 = 4  a20 3% + C 1.0320. This can be solved using a financial calculator with n = 20, i = 3%, PV = 118.20, PMT = 4, resulting in C  106.00. Alternatively, C = 118.20 1.0320  4  s20 3%  ...
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... reasons specified in the terms and conditions of your contract. Where a SD is callable, you can expect to receive, at a minimum, the full value of your principal if the bank redeems the deposit. However, this is not the case if you withdraw your deposit before maturity. This is the date the SD matur ...
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Estimating Okun`s Law for Malta

... rates, which have reached unprecedented levels among EU countries (see Chart 1). For instance, in 2012, the lowest unemployment rate in the European Union was registered in Austria, at 4.3%, whereas in Spain it stood at 25%. Youth unemployment has reached even more alarming figures in some countries ...
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STATISTICS SINGAPORE - Income Components of GDP: Trends

... 1997. Unlike remuneration share, profit share varied pro-cyclically, rising during economic expansions and falling during economic slowdown. Wages and salaries tend to be less responsive than profits to changes in economic conditions. Declining profits provide early signals of an imminent economic s ...
Property Investment Report XYZ PENSION SCHEME Third Quarter 2007 UK Institutional Pensions
Property Investment Report XYZ PENSION SCHEME Third Quarter 2007 UK Institutional Pensions

... with affordability constraints will temper these above average levels of rental growth in the next few quarters. Returns outside the Central London vicinity have been disappointing, ranging from 0.5% to 3.6%. Agents are reporting that activity is picking up in the M25 and Thames Valley and there has ...
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... In 2012, general government expenditures amounted to 400 NIS billion (about 40% of the Gross domestic product – GDP). Of that amount, about 62% was expenditure on production of services, and the rest of the expenditure was for transfer payments, subsidies, interest payments, fixed capital formation, ...
Download: Getting fiscal consolidation right: Lessons from Sweden, Anders Borg (pdf)
Download: Getting fiscal consolidation right: Lessons from Sweden, Anders Borg (pdf)

... Low birth rates, rising life expectancy and a continuing inflow of migrants can be expected to result in an almost unchanged, but much older, total EU population by 2060, meaning that the EU would move from having four working-age people (aged 15-64) for every person aged over 65 to a ratio of only ...
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Questions Chapter 11

... 12. The Solow growth model assumes that the same technology is available to both rich and poor countries. Therefore, it predicts that differences in per capita income are due to differences in capital–labor ratios, as illustrated by Points P and R in Figure 11-5 on page 374. The rate of return on ca ...
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20140501 Problem Set 6 Answers Draft

... remain at 2% per year for each of the next five years. Suppose that the Federal Reserve thinks that the natural rate of unemployment u* = 4%, and sets interest rates so as to attain that rate of unemployment for each of the next five years. But also suppose the actual natural rate of unemployment is ...
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What Do Cross-Country Studies Teach about Government

... contrast, the growth literature studies the effect of government on growth. However, the empiricalfindings are not robustto variousreasonable alternativespecifications and, of even more concern, do not addressthe identificationproblemsraised by the model described. The paper goes on to focus on the ...
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Pensions crisis

The pensions crisis is a predicted difficulty in paying for corporate, state, and federal pensions in the United States and Europe, due to a difference between pension obligations and the resources set aside to fund them. Shifting demographics are causing a lower ratio of workers per retiree; contributing factors include retirees living longer (increasing the relative number of retirees), and lower birth rates (decreasing the relative number of workers, especially relative to the Post-WW2 Baby Boom). There is significant debate regarding the magnitude and importance of the problem, as well as the solutions.For example, as of 2008, the estimates for the underfunding of U.S. states' pension programs range from $1 trillion using the discount rate of 8% to $3.23 trillion using U.S. Treasury bond yields as the discount rate. The present value of unfunded obligations under Social Security as of August 2010 was approximately $5.4 trillion. In other words, this amount would have to be set aside today such that the principal and interest would cover the program's shortfall between tax revenues and payouts over the next 75 years.Some economists question the concept of funding, and, therefore underfunding. Storing funds by governments, in the form of fiat currencies, is the functional equivalent of storing a collection of their own IOUs. They will be equally inflationary to newly written ones when they do come to be used.Reform ideas are in three primary categories: a) Addressing the worker-retiree ratio, via raising the retirement age, employment policy and immigration policy; b) Reducing obligations via shifting from defined benefit to defined contribution pension types and reducing future payment amounts (by, for example, adjusting the formula that determines the level of benefits); and c) Increasing resources to fund pensions via increasing contribution rates and raising taxes.
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