2012
... Fiscal Austerity Versus Economic Growth Question: Should government cut spending and raise taxes in the short run to reduce our deficit-to-GDP ratio or should we wait and allow economic growth to reduce the ratio in the long run. Short-term fiscal austerity can be self-defeating: ...
... Fiscal Austerity Versus Economic Growth Question: Should government cut spending and raise taxes in the short run to reduce our deficit-to-GDP ratio or should we wait and allow economic growth to reduce the ratio in the long run. Short-term fiscal austerity can be self-defeating: ...
Post-Rate Hike: What Happens Next?
... may have helped more than hurt. While certain cold-weatherrelated sales, such as coats and other apparel, were being put off, that loss was more than offset by strength in construction, which usually fades as temperatures drop. And just as Mother Nature removed herself as a growth impediment, so too ...
... may have helped more than hurt. While certain cold-weatherrelated sales, such as coats and other apparel, were being put off, that loss was more than offset by strength in construction, which usually fades as temperatures drop. And just as Mother Nature removed herself as a growth impediment, so too ...
100 years of business cycle analysis at the Kiel Institute 89th Kieler
... • The financial crisis has made it clear: Financial market variables are extremely important. We developed indicators for financial market stress which help to explain the cycle. • Our studies show that recoveries after severe crises are less dynamic than after normal recessions. This has been one r ...
... • The financial crisis has made it clear: Financial market variables are extremely important. We developed indicators for financial market stress which help to explain the cycle. • Our studies show that recoveries after severe crises are less dynamic than after normal recessions. This has been one r ...
FedViews
... The gap between the actual and natural rate of unemployment is one measure of resource slack. A related measure is the gap between potential and actual output. Potential is what output would be if the workforce and productive capacity were fully utilized at sustainable, noninflationary levels. Our c ...
... The gap between the actual and natural rate of unemployment is one measure of resource slack. A related measure is the gap between potential and actual output. Potential is what output would be if the workforce and productive capacity were fully utilized at sustainable, noninflationary levels. Our c ...
Global Recession: How Deep and for How Long?
... recovery assessments are based on the assumptions that the crisis in financial markets would be resolved soon and that there would be no negative feedback loops both between the real sector and the financial sector (which would exacerbate the financial crisis) and within the real sector (which woul ...
... recovery assessments are based on the assumptions that the crisis in financial markets would be resolved soon and that there would be no negative feedback loops both between the real sector and the financial sector (which would exacerbate the financial crisis) and within the real sector (which woul ...
A Slower First Quarter May Not Be What It Seems
... Looking at GVA growth is more important especially since it implies that government subsidies grew substantially in the AprJun period. This is not uncommon during a new budget year where there usually is a wave of government spending. Indeed, there had been subsidy allocation to food, petroleum and ...
... Looking at GVA growth is more important especially since it implies that government subsidies grew substantially in the AprJun period. This is not uncommon during a new budget year where there usually is a wave of government spending. Indeed, there had been subsidy allocation to food, petroleum and ...
Fiscal Policy
... expenditures. Adjusting this consensus will be time consuming. If lags are too long, stabilizing government spending or transfer payments may have a destabilizing effect, shifting out demand after the economy has already recovered. ...
... expenditures. Adjusting this consensus will be time consuming. If lags are too long, stabilizing government spending or transfer payments may have a destabilizing effect, shifting out demand after the economy has already recovered. ...
Conference PowerPoint
... spending will put resources that would otherwise be unemployed to work [and allow private debtors to pay down their debt] … the argument that debt can’t cure debt is just wrong.” • Europe’s problems now arise from unwillingness to use European Central Bank to finance debt, allowing indebted players ...
... spending will put resources that would otherwise be unemployed to work [and allow private debtors to pay down their debt] … the argument that debt can’t cure debt is just wrong.” • Europe’s problems now arise from unwillingness to use European Central Bank to finance debt, allowing indebted players ...
(Inter)National Enrico Longoni RBS Group Economics
... The lack of economic growth - we need to spend and lend more to create jobs & keep business going The size of the debt burden - we need to borrow less & save more to ensure we keep interest rates low ...
... The lack of economic growth - we need to spend and lend more to create jobs & keep business going The size of the debt burden - we need to borrow less & save more to ensure we keep interest rates low ...
Nine Facts about the Great Recession and Tools
... expands as incomes fall and unemployment rises—and in some cases, participation increases because of automatically reduced eligibility requirements for participants. The result is that additional funds are automatically disbursed (or taxes reduced), immediately providing fiscal stimulus. The United ...
... expands as incomes fall and unemployment rises—and in some cases, participation increases because of automatically reduced eligibility requirements for participants. The result is that additional funds are automatically disbursed (or taxes reduced), immediately providing fiscal stimulus. The United ...
Fiscal Policy1 Fiscal policy refers to changes in government
... semester. Thus while large debt may become a problem in the future, they are not a plausible candidate for the economy’s recent troubles because interest rates have been very low. The second problem with large debt is that eventually, people may become unwilling to buy government bonds. This is know ...
... semester. Thus while large debt may become a problem in the future, they are not a plausible candidate for the economy’s recent troubles because interest rates have been very low. The second problem with large debt is that eventually, people may become unwilling to buy government bonds. This is know ...
Unit 3 Review
... Unplanned Changes in Inventories – changes in inventories firms did not anticipate Actual Investment – planned investment plus unplanned increase/decrease in inventories ...
... Unplanned Changes in Inventories – changes in inventories firms did not anticipate Actual Investment – planned investment plus unplanned increase/decrease in inventories ...
Chapter 2 1Notes - Period2BusinessBasicsFall2014
... A vital source of economic growth is an increase in output per worker. ...
... A vital source of economic growth is an increase in output per worker. ...
Suriname_en.pdf
... the service account surplus increased more than tenfold although it remained below 1% of GDP. New investment was attracted, mainly towards acquisitions in the gold sector, although more intense oil exploration may result in further inflows over 2011. The mid-year capital and financial balance (inclu ...
... the service account surplus increased more than tenfold although it remained below 1% of GDP. New investment was attracted, mainly towards acquisitions in the gold sector, although more intense oil exploration may result in further inflows over 2011. The mid-year capital and financial balance (inclu ...
Kuwait University College of Business Administration Economics
... the study of the economic aggregates such as the aggregate demand and supply, gross domestic product (GDP), aggregate consumption, saving, and investment…etc. By the end of the course, students should demonstrate an understanding of the tools of macroeconomic analysis. Specifically, this course prov ...
... the study of the economic aggregates such as the aggregate demand and supply, gross domestic product (GDP), aggregate consumption, saving, and investment…etc. By the end of the course, students should demonstrate an understanding of the tools of macroeconomic analysis. Specifically, this course prov ...
Economics 2006-07
... Chapter 12.2: Business Cycles II. Business Cycles A. Key Concepts 1. What are business cycles? B. Four stages of the Business Cycle? 1. What happens when the economy is expanding? 2. Describe the peak? 3. What happens during a contraction? a. Define recession b. Define depression c. Define Stagflati ...
... Chapter 12.2: Business Cycles II. Business Cycles A. Key Concepts 1. What are business cycles? B. Four stages of the Business Cycle? 1. What happens when the economy is expanding? 2. Describe the peak? 3. What happens during a contraction? a. Define recession b. Define depression c. Define Stagflati ...
The Origins of the Federal Reserve System and the First World War
... • Friedman and Schwartz (p. 231) rise in interest rates “not only too late but also probably too much” • Result: Brief but severe recession ...
... • Friedman and Schwartz (p. 231) rise in interest rates “not only too late but also probably too much” • Result: Brief but severe recession ...
The Great Recession of 2008-09 - University of Wisconsin
... Maybe it’s a fairly ordinary recession, but they’ve decided to try new remedies. If so, then this marks a new era for macro policy. ...
... Maybe it’s a fairly ordinary recession, but they’ve decided to try new remedies. If so, then this marks a new era for macro policy. ...
Doomsday for the Greenback
... jawboning. In truth, there’s no more chance of a “soft landing” for the dollar than there is for the over-bloated real estate market. Greenspan’s bubble economy is headed for disaster and there’s not much that anyone can do to lessen the damage. As housing prices fall and homeowners are no longer a ...
... jawboning. In truth, there’s no more chance of a “soft landing” for the dollar than there is for the over-bloated real estate market. Greenspan’s bubble economy is headed for disaster and there’s not much that anyone can do to lessen the damage. As housing prices fall and homeowners are no longer a ...
coherence of trend and business cycle in the development of main
... The long-term development of the economy of a country (trend ) is usually characterized by the growth of the potential product and the cyclical development of main macroeconomic indicators (in economic literature known as the business cycle2)of the country and represented by the actual gross domesti ...
... The long-term development of the economy of a country (trend ) is usually characterized by the growth of the potential product and the cyclical development of main macroeconomic indicators (in economic literature known as the business cycle2)of the country and represented by the actual gross domesti ...
Economics: Principles in Action
... classical economics did not address how long it would take the economy to return to equilibrium. 2. How did John Maynard Keynes explain the continuation of the Great Depression? He stated that it continued because neither consumers nor business had incentive to spend enough to increase production. 3 ...
... classical economics did not address how long it would take the economy to return to equilibrium. 2. How did John Maynard Keynes explain the continuation of the Great Depression? He stated that it continued because neither consumers nor business had incentive to spend enough to increase production. 3 ...
Business Cycle and GDP
... Contraction – also known as a Recession - Following a Peak, a period of economic decline - People are losing jobs, consumers stop spending money 4. Trough – the lowest point of an economic contraction, high unemployment ...
... Contraction – also known as a Recession - Following a Peak, a period of economic decline - People are losing jobs, consumers stop spending money 4. Trough – the lowest point of an economic contraction, high unemployment ...
Beta, decay and how to prepare for a rising rate environment
... • the slope of the curve, and • how competition responds. Beta and decay levels are forward looking and need to be fluid to changing market conditions. ...
... • the slope of the curve, and • how competition responds. Beta and decay levels are forward looking and need to be fluid to changing market conditions. ...
Macroeconomic Measurements
... This is the real test!!!!!!! Was there actual increase in production and services or did the prices just skew the GDP statistics when C+I+G was added? Have to correct GDP for price changes so we can measure actual production. CPI tells the consumer if they have to spend more dollars to get that loaf ...
... This is the real test!!!!!!! Was there actual increase in production and services or did the prices just skew the GDP statistics when C+I+G was added? Have to correct GDP for price changes so we can measure actual production. CPI tells the consumer if they have to spend more dollars to get that loaf ...
